龍(long)(long)峰(feng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)于湖北省竹(zhu)溪縣(xian)(xian)。竹(zhu)溪縣(xian)(xian)地處鄂、渝、陜交匯處,地處秦嶺南麓、大巴(ba)山(shan)脈東段北坡,該縣(xian)(xian)從(cong)20世(shi)紀50年(nian)代初開始將傳(chuan)統茶(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)種(zhong)植與加工和(he)現代先(xian)進(jin)種(zhong)植與加工技術相結合,開發出了龍(long)(long)峰(feng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。因(yin)該產(chan)品核(he)心產(chan)區位于龍(long)(long)王埡,山(shan)峰(feng)霧(wu)騰如(ru)龍(long)(long),相傳(chuan)是(shi)龍(long)(long)王藏身之(zhi)地,此地產(chan)的(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉鋒苗(miao)挺拔,沏泡后(hou)形如(ru)百龍(long)(long)競游,故名為龍(long)(long)峰(feng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。龍(long)(long)峰(feng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)外型緊細顯毫,色(se)澤嫩綠光潤(run),整(zheng)碎勻整(zheng),凈度無嫩莖(jing)。2006年(nian)11月,國家質檢總(zong)局批準對龍(long)(long)峰(feng)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)實施地理標志(zhi)產(chan)品保護(hu)。
生產歷史
竹(zhu)(zhu)溪縣地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)鄂、渝、陜交匯處(chu),地(di)(di)(di)處(chu)秦嶺南麓、大巴(ba)(ba)(ba)山脈東段北(bei)坡。是連接(jie)華中(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)與(yu)西南、西北(bei)地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)重要通(tong)道(dao)。秦巴(ba)(ba)(ba)山區(qu)(qu)是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹原(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di),巴(ba)(ba)(ba)蜀(shu)是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)業(ye)的(de)搖籃。特殊的(de)地(di)(di)(di)理位置使竹(zhu)(zhu)溪古(gu)為(wei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)人通(tong)賈之(zhi)(zhi)要道(dao),是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)文化由巴(ba)(ba)(ba)蜀(shu)向全國(guo)傳播(bo)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)轉站。今為(wei)秦巴(ba)(ba)(ba)山區(qu)(qu)最大的(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)集散地(di)(di)(di),成(cheng)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)南、西南、西北(bei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)主要產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)。竹(zhu)(zhu)溪遠古(gu)曾以茶(cha)(cha)(cha)納貢(gong)。竹(zhu)(zhu)溪是唐代陸羽《茶(cha)(cha)(cha)經(jing)》"山南"茶(cha)(cha)(cha)區(qu)(qu)的(de)區(qu)(qu)域之(zhi)(zhi)一。竹(zhu)(zhu)溪茶(cha)(cha)(cha)在《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)各茶(cha)(cha)(cha)原(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)品目(mu)錄》中(zhong)(zhong)榜上有(you)名。被(bei)國(guo)家有(you)關部(bu)門授予"中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)鄉","中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)有(you)機茶(cha)(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)鄉"的(de)稱號。
生產情況
竹溪縣(xian)共(gong)有13個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮,9個(ge)農林場,5萬(wan)農戶(hu),8.5萬(wan)人種(zhong)植茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie);有茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)種(zhong)植加(jia)工(gong)企業162家(jia),加(jia)工(gong)設備1000臺(套),從事茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)加(jia)工(gong)的人員816人,年加(jia)工(gong)能力2500噸;經銷企業139家(jia),其中(zhong)縣(xian)內105家(jia),縣(xian)外省外34家(jia),經銷人員500人。2005年底(di)全縣(xian)1萬(wan)公(gong)頃茶(cha)(cha)園已實(shi)現茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)產量125萬(wan)公(gong)斤,實(shi)現綜合收入1.2億元。龍峰茶(cha)(cha)系(xi)列產品在國內中(zhong)南、西南、東(dong)南茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)市場占有相當(dang)份額,同時,"龍峰茶(cha)(cha)"已步(bu)入亞洲及(ji)歐盟市場。湖北省政府(fu)將竹溪納入秦巴山名優綠茶(cha)(cha)產業區,確立為茶(cha)(cha)樹良種(zhong)繁(fan)育場和繁(fan)殖基地(di)、無公(gong)害茶(cha)(cha)葉(xie)出口(kou)基地(di)、名優綠茶(cha)(cha)出口(kou)基地(di)。
產地環境
竹(zhu)溪茶(cha)(cha)(cha)區(qu)(qu)屬亞熱帶季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu)(qu),月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)日照百分率(lv)25%-48%月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)2.4℃-25.5℃0cm月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)3.8℃-29.6℃,5cm月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)3.9℃-28℃,10cm月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)4.2℃-27.5℃,15cm月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)4.7℃-27.5℃,20cm月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)地(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)5.1℃-27.0℃月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降水(shui)量8.1mm-180.8mm,全年平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降水(shui)量945.3mm月(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)相對濕度(du)73%-87%竹(zhu)溪茶(cha)(cha)(cha)區(qu)(qu)氣(qi)(qi)象因(yin)子的(de)(de)垂直變化(hua)較(jiao)為明顯,隨海(hai)拔高(gao)度(du)的(de)(de)增加(jia),光(guang)照強(qiang)度(du)減弱,氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)和地(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)下降,空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)相對濕度(du)增加(jia),有(you)利于茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)品(pin)質的(de)(de)形成(cheng)海(hai)拔900m處(chu)的(de)(de)龍峰茶(cha)(cha)(cha),營養元素、生化(hua)成(cheng)分、香氣(qi)(qi)物(wu)質的(de)(de)含量以(yi)及感官品(pin)質得(de)分都(dou)比較(jiao)高(gao),品(pin)質優異(yi)這與氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)相對較(jiao)低、晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差大,光(guang)照強(qiang)度(du)適中,云霧較(jiao)多,空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)濕度(du)大有(you)關。
竹溪(xi)茶區(qu)土(tu)壤的pH在(zai)4.5-6.5之間(jian),都處(chu)在(zai)適宜(yi)茶樹生(sheng)長的水平(ping)土(tu)壤有機質含量6.24gkg-36.44gkg除青草坪較(jiao)(jiao)低外,其它茶場都處(chu)在(zai)較(jiao)(jiao)高水平(ping)土(tu)壤中三(san)要素含量氮0.39gkg-2.37gkg磷0.23gkg-0.66gkg鉀9.56gkg-22.26gkg普(pu)遍偏(pian)低,土(tu)壤容重1.24gcm3-1.7gcm3普(pu)遍偏(pian)高。