大(da)(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生,湖北省(sheng)大(da)(da)悟縣特(te)產,中(zhong)國國家(jia)地(di)理標志產品。大(da)(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生莢果形(xing)狀為普通形(xing)或(huo)斧(fu)頭形(xing),果殼薄,網(wang)紋(wen)清晰,粒小(xiao)、籽實(shi)飽(bao)滿;種(zhong)仁(ren)形(xing)狀為橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形(xing),種(zhong)皮(pi)顏色(se)粉紅色(se),大(da)(da)小(xiao)均勻;口感具(ju)有(you)香(xiang)、酥、脆(cui)(cui)、甜。大(da)(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生蛋白質含量高,含油量適中(zhong),炒(chao)(chao)制的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生有(you)一(yi)種(zhong)特(te)別的(de)(de)(de)醇濃(nong)的(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)味,是炒(chao)(chao)貨的(de)(de)(de)理想品種(zhong),炒(chao)(chao)貨具(ju)有(you)香(xiang)而帶甜、油而不(bu)膩、細膩無渣、松(song)脆(cui)(cui)爽口的(de)(de)(de)突出特(te)點。其年總產量高達70000t。
品質特征
大(da)悟(wu)花(hua)生具(ju)有(you)(you)粒小、籽實飽滿、營(ying)養豐(feng)富(fu),口感(gan)具(ju)有(you)(you)香、酥、脆(cui)、甜的(de)突出特點。大(da)悟(wu)花(hua)生蛋(dan)白質含量(liang)高(gao)(gao),大(da)悟(wu)花(hua)生達(da)29.87%,比其他產區高(gao)(gao)出1.9%-5.9%;脂肪含量(liang)適(shi)中,為52.43%;且富(fu)含有(you)(you)17種人體必需的(de)氨基酸,氨基酸總量(liang)27.02%。炒(chao)制的(de)大(da)悟(wu)花(hua)生有(you)(you)一種特別的(de)醇濃的(de)香味,口感(gan)具(ju)有(you)(you)香中帶甜、油而不膩、細膩無渣、松脆(cui)爽(shuang)口的(de)特獨風(feng)味。
產地環境
大(da)(da)悟縣(xian)地(di)(di)處大(da)(da)別山南麓(lu),是長(chang)江(jiang)與淮河水系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)分(fen)水嶺,由于(yu)它分(fen)開了(le)長(chang)江(jiang)、淮河兩大(da)(da)水系(xi)(xi),處于(yu)南、北交(jiao)界地(di)(di)。《湖北省氣候(hou)志》記載:大(da)(da)悟縣(xian)大(da)(da)悟縣(xian)屬(shu)北亞熱(re)帶季風氣候(hou),冬季受西北冷氣團(tuan)的(de)(de)影響,夏季受東(dong)南、西南季風控制,形(xing)成冬冷、夏熱(re)、冬干、夏濕(shi),雨量(liang)充沛、光照充足、四季分(fen)明、無霜(shuang)期較長(chang)的(de)(de)氣候(hou)特(te)征。累積年平均日照時數為(wei)2153.3h,為(wei)全省的(de)(de)最高值。出露地(di)(di)層主要由前震(zhen)旦紀(ji)地(di)(di)層和侵(qin)入(ru)巖(yan)構成,以(yi)花(hua)崗巖(yan)、片麻(ma)巖(yan)等(deng)為(wei)主,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)多(duo)為(wei)黃棕(zong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)呈(cheng)微酸性(xing),PH值為(wei)5.6-6.5,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中礦(kuang)物質(zhi)營養豐富(fu),富(fu)含磷、鉀、鈣、鎂、鐵、銅(tong)、鉬等(deng)中微量(liang)元素。大(da)(da)部(bu)分(fen)土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)為(wei)山沙土(tu)(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)層厚度≥30cm,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有機質(zhi)含量(liang)≥1.0%,土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)疏松,空(kong)氣通(tong)透性(xing)好,非常適(shi)合花(hua)生(sheng)生(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育。
因(yin)大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)縣(xian)特殊的(de)(de)(de)環境氣候、土壤特點,從(cong)上世紀(ji)50年(nian)(nian)代起,大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)縣(xian)就是(shi)中國油料(liao)研究(jiu)所的(de)(de)(de)科研示(shi)范(fan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),也是(shi)全國和湖北省花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)新品種區(qu)(qu)試(shi)驗基地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。1983年(nian)(nian)縣(xian)農(nong)業(ye)局(ju)在新城區(qu)(qu)民(min)主(zhu)村進(jin)行(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)種植(zhi)試(shi)驗,1984年(nian)(nian)由旱地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發展(zhan)到旱田(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。2006年(nian)(nian)5月頒(ban)布、實施(shi)了(le)《大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)》、《旱地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)技術(shu)規程(cheng)》、《水(shui)田(tian)大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)技術(shu)規程(cheng)》三項(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方標準(zhun),對(dui)產(chan)(chan)前、產(chan)(chan)中、產(chan)(chan)后的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技術(shu)進(jin)行(xing)了(le)詳(xiang)細規定。通過(guo)強化(hua)(hua)政府的(de)(de)(de)協調職能、強化(hua)(hua)業(ye)務(wu)培訓、強化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境建設(she),加大(da)(da)(da)對(dui)農(nong)業(ye)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)投(tou)入力度,2006年(nian)(nian)8月大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)批(pi)準(zhun)為“綠色食品大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國家農(nong)業(ye)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)(qu)”。通過(guo)示(shi)范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she),推廣了(le)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)覆(fu)蓋、一(yi)穴雙粒(li)技術(shu),適樂時拌種防病(bing),高效低(di)毒(du)低(di)殘留無公(gong)害栽培技術(shu)等(deng)。通過(guo)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)示(shi)范(fan)、推廣,花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)種植(zhi)和標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)種植(zhi)技術(shu)推廣到全縣(xian),有(you)力地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)促進(jin)了(le)大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)效益和社會(hui)效益,全縣(xian)基本(ben)實現了(le)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種植(zhi)品種優質化(hua)(hua),種植(zhi)技術(shu)標準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)。