全(quan)國重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單(dan)位戒臺(tai)(tai)(tai)寺(si),位于北京門(men)頭溝區馬鞍山(shan)(shan)麓(lu),距京城35公(gong)里,離區政府(fu)11公(gong)里,西靠極(ji)樂峰,南倚(yi)六國嶺,北對石龍山(shan)(shan),東(dong)眺北京城,海拔300多(duo)(duo)米,屬溫帶大(da)(da)陸性氣候(hou),春季(ji)(ji)干(gan)旱多(duo)(duo)風沙,夏季(ji)(ji)溫暖多(duo)(duo)雨,秋季(ji)(ji)涼(liang)爽濕潤(run),冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷干(gan)燥。寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)坐西朝(chao)東(dong),建筑(zhu)高峻宏偉,景(jing)色(se)綺麗。戒臺(tai)(tai)(tai)寺(si)始建于隋朝(chao),至今(jin)已有(you)1400多(duo)(duo)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi),在(zai)中國佛(fo)教(jiao)界占有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)地位,由于寺(si)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)戒壇可以授佛(fo)門(men)高戒律菩薩戒,因而成為中國佛(fo)教(jiao)高學府(fu)之一(yi)。整座寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)既有(you)北方寺(si)廟巍峨(e)宏大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣勢,又(you)有(you)江南園林清幽秀雅的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)趣(qu),既有(you)濃重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)教(jiao)色(se)彩(cai),又(you)有(you)神(shen)奇(qi)秀美(mei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然景(jing)觀。1997年(nian)初經有(you)關部門(men)批準,僧團進(jin)駐,恢復為宗教(jiao)活動所(suo)。戒臺(tai)(tai)(tai)寺(si)夙以“戒壇”、“奇(qi)松(song)”、“古洞”而著稱于世,寺(si)內戒壇肇建于遼代咸雍五年(nian),是“全(quan)國三大(da)(da)戒壇”之首(shou),故有(you)“天下第一(yi)壇”之稱。
戒(jie)臺寺內外滿山清翠,古(gu)樹(shu)成林(lin)。其(qi)中,國家(jia)一二級保護樹(shu)木就有(you)88棵,其(qi)樹(shu)種有(you)油松(song)、白(bai)皮(pi)松(song)、側(ce)柏、國槐、銀杏等。其(qi)中數量多的(de)(de)是松(song)樹(shu),著名的(de)(de)當屬古(gu)松(song)。這些古(gu)松(song)經過了千百年風霜(shuang)雪雨的(de)(de)磨礪(li),形成了各種奇特(te)的(de)(de)造型(xing),具(ju)有(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)欣(xin)賞(shang)價(jia)值,是歷(li)代文(wen)人(ren)雅士贊詠的(de)(de)寵(chong)物。明清時期,戒(jie)臺寺的(de)(de)名松(song)就已經聞(wen)名天下。如九龍(long)松(song)、抱塔松(song)、臥(wo)龍(long)松(song)、自在松(song)、活動松(song)等。
戒臺寺(si)(si)(si)(si)始建于隋開(kai)皇(huang)年間,公元581年。被當(dang)時稱為佛(fo)門棟梁(liang)的智(zhi)周大和尚帶(dai)領弟子(zi)開(kai)山建寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。遼代法(fa)均(jun)大師,在此首創戒臺。中興之祖(zu)智(zhi)幻,寺(si)(si)(si)(si)院香火繚繞,廟宇巍峨。上至皇(huang)室宗親,下至百姓信眾(zhong),都以在戒臺寺(si)(si)(si)(si)受戒吃齋念佛(fo)為榮。
戒(jie)臺(tai)(tai)寺(si)(si)(si)齋(zhai)堂(tang)(tang)坐(zuo)落于(yu)戒(jie)臺(tai)(tai)寺(si)(si)(si)大(da)雄(xiong)寶殿南墻外,在歷(li)史上(shang)也隨戒(jie)臺(tai)(tai)寺(si)(si)(si)幾經興衰,但(dan)不論興衰與否,齋(zhai)堂(tang)(tang)依(yi)舊作為(wei)(wei)(wei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)民舍粥(zhou)、寺(si)(si)(si)院僧眾吃齋(zhai)之場(chang)所(suo)(suo)。在抗日年間(jian)北平城(cheng)外,逃難百(bai)姓無家可(ke)歸(gui),戒(jie)臺(tai)(tai)寺(si)(si)(si)在當時(shi)便(bian)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)逃難百(bai)姓遮風避雨的一處居所(suo)(suo),而齋(zhai)堂(tang)(tang)在當時(shi)可(ke)謂是百(bai)家廚房。寺(si)(si)(si)院舍粥(zhou),百(bai)姓互(hu)幫(bang)互(hu)助,在此度過了中(zhong)國(guo)艱難的時(shi)刻。
京西古剎戒(jie)臺(tai)寺內有(you)一(yi)座(zuo)大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting),原是地(di)藏院的(de)(de)附屬(shu)建(jian)筑(zhu)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)為(wei)卷棚(peng)頂,四根支柱呈八(ba)字(zi)形叉開(kai)斜立,式樣別致。在亭(ting)內原掛有(you)一(yi)口(kou)高(gao)3.2米(mi)(mi),下(xia)(xia)口(kou)直(zhi)徑(jing)2.2米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)大(da)鐵鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),名叫(jiao)幽瞑鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),主(zhu)要(yao)供每年的(de)(de)7月30日戒(jie)臺(tai)寺做地(di)藏法會(hui)之(zhi)用。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)位于(yu)寺院東北角6米(mi)(mi)多高(gao)的(de)(de)臺(tai)基之(zhi)上,背后三(san)面環(huan)(huan)山(shan)(shan),前(qian)方東望平(ping)原,居(ju)高(gao)臨下(xia)(xia),毫無遮攔。由于(yu)三(san)面環(huan)(huan)山(shan)(shan)形成了一(yi)個天然巨大(da)的(de)(de)共鳴箱,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲(sheng)經過震蕩共鳴,被環(huan)(huan)山(shan)(shan)反射(she)而回(hui),從東北側開(kai)口(kou)處(chu)沖出,因而可以傳得很遠,據說在四十(shi)里(li)之(zhi)遙(yao)的(de)(de)阜城門(men)外八(ba)里(li)莊都能(neng)聽得見。現(xian)今幽瞑鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)已不(bu)存在,大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)內掛有(you)一(yi)口(kou)明景(jing)泰(tai)銅(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)1.6米(mi)(mi),下(xia)(xia)口(kou)直(zhi)徑(jing)0.9米(mi)(mi),壁厚8厘米(mi)(mi),鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紐(niu)高(gao)0.3米(mi)(mi)。此(ci)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)八(ba)峰波形口(kou),鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紐(niu)為(wei)虹形雙龍頭蒲牢,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)體上鑄有(you)云(yun)紋(wen),銘為(wei)“大(da)明景(jing)泰(tai)年月日制”。此(ci)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原掛在戒(jie)壇大(da)殿內,供舉行(xing)受戒(jie)儀式之(zhi)用。公園管理處(chu)為(wei)了增添游藝項目,而將此(ci)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)移到了大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting),供游客撞(zhuang)擊娛樂。這口(kou)銅(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)雖然比原來的(de)(de)大(da)鐵鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)小得多,但鑄造精美,工藝考究,線條流暢。
丁香花(hua)是(shi)戒臺(tai)寺園內(nei)珍貴的花(hua)木之一,現園內(nei)現有丁香約1000余株,其(qi)中樹(shu)齡在二百年以(yi)上的有20株,是(shi)乾隆皇帝(di)初(chu)游戒臺(tai)寺時為了給古剎(cha)增輝御賜(si)的,是(shi)從圓明(ming)園的暢(chang)春園移植(zhi)過來的。
真(zhen)武大(da)帝(di)(di)又稱玄(xuan)天上(shang)帝(di)(di)、玄(xuan)武大(da)帝(di)(di)、佑圣真(zhen)君玄(xuan)天上(shang)帝(di)(di),全稱真(zhen)武蕩(dang)魔大(da)帝(di)(di),為神(shen)仙中赫赫有名(ming)的玉京尊神(shen)。現在湖北(bei)武當山信(xin)奉(feng)的主神(shen)就是真(zhen)武大(da)帝(di)(di),道經中稱他(ta)為“鎮天真(zhen)武靈應(ying)佑圣帝(di)(di)君”,簡(jian)稱“真(zhen)武帝(di)(di)君”。民間稱蕩(dang)魔天尊、報恩祖師、披發祖師。明朝以(yi)后,在全國(guo)影響(xiang)極大(da),近代(dai)民間信(xin)仰尤為普遍。
為(wei)南(nan)軸線上的(de)第一(yi)(yi)座殿(dian)堂(tang)。兩側(ce)與院墻相(xiang)連,左右各有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個旁門(men)。殿(dian)前(qian)有(you)(you)(you)石獅子(zi)一(yi)(yi)對,并立有(you)(you)(you)清康熙皇帝(di)撰文的(de)“萬壽寺戒壇碑記。”山門(men)殿(dian)面闊三(san)間,單檐廡殿(dian)頂(ding)(ding),灰筒(tong)瓦覆頂(ding)(ding)。四角掛(gua)有(you)(you)(you)風(feng)鈴(ling),門(men)額(e)上掛(gua)“山門(men)殿(dian)”斗子(zi)金匾。殿(dian)內前(qian)后貫(guan)通,中間為(wei)通洞。兩側(ce)各立有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)尊泥(ni)質(zhi)彩繪的(de)護法神塑(su)像,一(yi)(yi)為(wei)密(mi)執金剛(gang)(gang),一(yi)(yi)為(wei)那羅延金剛(gang)(gang)。
8:30-17:30(夏季)
8:30-16:30(冬(dong)季(ji))
自駕:
1、沿阜石路(lu)向西—雙峪(yu)環島向南—石門營環—108國(guo)道輔路(lu)7公里(li)即(ji)到
2、自西客站(zhan)沿蓮石路向(xiang)西—臥龍崗—石門營環—108國道輔路7公里即到(2、3、4環有進出口)
3、長(chang)安街西行(xing)—首鋼廠東門右行(xing)—石景山立交橋左行(xing)—雙峪環島向南
公交:
乘地鐵到蘋果園(yuan)站(zhan)下(xia),換乘948路公交到戒臺寺站(zhan)下(xia)車