【刨花(hua)板工(gong)(gong)藝】刨花(hua)板的生產(chan)工(gong)(gong)藝 刨花(hua)板生產(chan)工(gong)(gong)藝流程

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刨花板生產工藝

熱壓(ya)是刨花板(ban)生產一個關鍵性工(gong)序，所起作用是使(shi)板(ban)坯中膠料固化，并(bing)將松散的板(ban)坯經加壓(ya)后固結(jie)成(cheng)規定厚度的板(ban)材。其工(gong)藝要求為：

①適當的含(han)(han)水率(lv)。表(biao)層含(han)(han)水率(lv)為18～20％時(shi)有利于抗(kang)彎強(qiang)度(du)(du)、抗(kang)拉強(qiang)度(du)(du)和表(biao)面光潔度(du)(du)的提高，減少卸壓時(shi)板坯鼓泡分層的可能。芯層含(han)(han)水率(lv)應適當低(di)于表(biao)層，以保(bao)持適當的平面抗(kang)拉強(qiang)度(du)(du)。

②適當的熱壓壓力。壓力能影響刨花之間接觸面積、板材厚度(du)(du)偏差和刨(bao)花之間膠料轉移程度(du)(du)。按照產品不同密(mi)度(du)(du)要求，熱壓(ya)壓(ya)力(li)一般1.2～1.4兆帕。

③適(shi)當的溫(wen)度。溫(wen)度過(guo)高不僅(jin)會(hui)使脲醛樹脂分解(jie)，也會(hui)造成升溫(wen)時(shi)板坯局部(bu)提(ti)前固化而(er)產生廢品。

④適(shi)當的加(jia)壓時(shi)間(jian)。時(shi)間(jian)過(guo)短，則中層樹脂不(bu)能(neng)(neng)充分固化，成品在厚度方向的彈性(xing)恢(hui)復(fu)加(jia)大，平(ping)面抗拉強度顯著降低。熱(re)壓后(hou)(hou)的刨花板應經一段時(shi)期的調濕處理使其含水率達平(ping)衡狀態(tai)，然后(hou)(hou)鋸裁砂(sha)光，檢驗包裝(zhuang)。但(dan)卸壓后(hou)(hou)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)熱(re)態(tai)堆疊，否(fou)則將增加(jia)板材脆(cui)性(xing)。

模(mo)壓(ya)(ya)技(ji)術系指(zhi)一次操作(zuo)即形成(cheng)(cheng)產品(pin)的(de)(de)技(ji)術。成(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)有(you)3種。熱模(mo)法(fa)(fa)可以少用(yong)膠(jiao)料(liao)或(huo)(huo)不用(yong)膠(jiao)料(liao),靠(kao)木質素(su)在封閉熱模(mo)中活化流動(dong)而起膠(jiao)合作(zuo)用(yong),但需冷卻脫(tuo)模(mo)，熱量消(xiao)耗大(da)，生產率(lv)低(di)，已逐(zhu)漸(jian)淘(tao)汰。箱(xiang)體成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)(fa)是用(yong)特殊(shu)壓(ya)(ya)機加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)，一次加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)制成(cheng)(cheng)產品(pin),用(yong)于制造包裝箱(xiang)。熱壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)(fa)主要(yao)制造家(jia)具配件、室內裝修(xiu)配件及托板(ban)等產品(pin)，膠(jiao)粘劑以脲醛樹脂(zhi)為(wei)主，制品(pin)表面(mian)用(yong)單板(ban)或(huo)(huo)樹脂(zhi)浸(jin)漬(zi)紙復貼，一次成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)。此外(wai)，還有(you)在已制成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)刨花板(ban)表面(mian)，或(huo)(huo)未經(jing)熱壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)板(ban)坯上(shang)用(yong)模(mo)板(ban)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)，以制成(cheng)(cheng)浮雕圖案(an)的(de)(de)平面(mian)模(mo)壓(ya)(ya)法(fa)(fa)等。

刨花板生產工藝流程

1、備(bei)(bei)料工段。普通刨(bao)(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)板生產線原料經削片(pian)、篩選后(hou)送(song)到(dao)木(mu)片(pian)料倉(cang)進(jin)行過渡儲存。木(mu)片(pian)經運輸機送(song)到(dao)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)片(pian)機中進(jin)行刨(bao)(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)制備(bei)(bei)，制備(bei)(bei)后(hou)的(de)刨(bao)(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)經運輸機送(song)到(dao)濕刨(bao)(bao)(bao)花(hua)(hua)料倉(cang)中進(jin)行過渡儲存。

2、干燥(zao)分選(xuan)打磨(mo)工段。濕刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)經運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機送(song)到(dao)轉子(zi)式刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)干燥(zao)機進行(xing)干燥(zao)，經過干燥(zao)的(de)(de)刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)通過刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)分選(xuan)(篩選(xuan))合(he)格(ge)的(de)(de)芯(xin)層(ceng)干刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)經運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機被送(song)往芯(xin)層(ceng)干刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)料倉過渡儲(chu)存。過大的(de)(de)刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)經打磨(mo)機打磨(mo)后(hou)被送(song)往表層(ceng)干刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)(hua)料倉過渡儲(chu)存。

3、調(diao)膠(jiao)樹膠(jiao)施膠(jiao)工段。合格(ge)的(de)(de)表芯層干刨(bao)(bao)花經運輸機(ji)、刨(bao)(bao)花計(ji)量料倉分(fen)別計(ji)量后(hou)送(song)到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)機(ji)中，同時調(diao)供膠(jiao)工段將工藝所(suo)要求的(de)(de)膠(jiao)液送(song)到(dao)拌(ban)膠(jiao)機(ji)中，刨(bao)(bao)花和膠(jiao)液在(zai)表芯層拌(ban)膠(jiao)機(ji)的(de)(de)充分(fen)攪拌(ban)下(xia)，達到(dao)均勻混合充分(fen)施膠(jiao)的(de)(de)效果。

4、鋪(pu)裝熱(re)(re)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型工段(年產(chan)3萬以上生產(chan)線(xian))。施膠后(hou)的(de)刨花經(jing)皮帶運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)送(song)(song)至機(ji)(ji)械分級鋪(pu)裝機(ji)(ji)，由(you)機(ji)(ji)械分級鋪(pu)裝機(ji)(ji)組鋪(pu)裝出均勻平(ping)整的(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)坯。板(ban)(ban)(ban)坯經(jing)永(yong)磁除鐵器、預壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)、縱(zong)向鋸(ju)邊機(ji)(ji)、橫截(jie)鋸(ju)、加速(su)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)、稱重運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)和儲(chu)存(cun)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)、裝板(ban)(ban)(ban)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)機(ji)(ji)等工序送(song)(song)到(dao)(dao)裝板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)的(de)裝機(ji)(ji)吊籠中，由(you)裝機(ji)(ji)吊籠將(jiang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)坯送(song)(song)到(dao)(dao)多層熱(re)(re)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)中進(jin)行熱(re)(re)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型，經(jing)多層熱(re)(re)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)熱(re)(re)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型的(de)毛板(ban)(ban)(ban)同時由(you)裝板(ban)(ban)(ban)小車托(tuo)盤推(tui)到(dao)(dao)卸板(ban)(ban)(ban)機(ji)(ji)中。

5、后處理工(gong)段。停留(liu)在(zai)(zai)卸(xie)板(ban)(ban)機(ji)中(zhong)的毛(mao)(mao)板(ban)(ban)經卸(xie)板(ban)(ban)運輸(shu)(shu)(shu)機(ji)送至冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)進(jin)板(ban)(ban)運輸(shu)(shu)(shu)機(ji)，由(you)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)進(jin)板(ban)(ban)運輸(shu)(shu)(shu)機(ji)送到涼(liang)板(ban)(ban)機(ji)中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)。在(zai)(zai)涼(liang)板(ban)(ban)機(ji)中(zhong)停留(liu)(冷(leng)(leng)卻(que))后的毛(mao)(mao)板(ban)(ban)由(you)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)出板(ban)(ban)運輸(shu)(shu)(shu)機(ji)送到縱橫栽邊(bian)截(jie)斷機(ji)進(jin)行(xing)裁(cai)邊(bian)分(fen)割，最(zui)后經干板(ban)(ban)運輸(shu)(shu)(shu)機(ji)運至升(sheng)降(jiang)臺堆垛(duo)。

6、砂光(guang)工段。經冷(leng)卻堆垛的刨花(hua)板被送到(dao)砂光(guang)生(sheng)產線進(jin)行砂光(guang)、分檢、入(ru)庫。