什么是靜(jing)電涂料 靜(jing)電塑粉的工作原理

一、什么是防靜電涂料

導靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電涂(tu)料(liao)的(de)名稱，有(you)(you)抗靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電涂(tu)料(liao)和(he)防靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電涂(tu)料(liao)，以國(guo)家制訂的(de)一系列標準，采(cai)用導靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電涂(tu)料(liao)，從工業建筑及(ji)設(she)備(bei)設(she)計采(cai)用導靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電涂(tu)料(liao)，從涂(tu)料(liao)的(de)功能分析，涂(tu)料(liao)能在10－2秒(miao)的(de)短時間內，導泄靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電壓積(ji)(ji)蓄(xu)，避免(mian)產生放電引起火(huo)警或破壞電子元(yuan)器件的(de)事故，而靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電的(de)產生與(yu)積(ji)(ji)蓄(xu)是(shi)自(zi)然(ran)界(jie)客(ke)觀存在，沒有(you)(you)抵抗的(de)的(de)技能，用于織物的(de)沒有(you)(you)測定過(guo)導泄的(de)理(li)論(lun)的(de)防靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電劑產品，能防止服(fu)裝在穿(chuan)著過(guo)程中靜(jing)(jing)(jing)電的(de)積(ji)(ji)累。

二、防靜電涂料工作原理

工(gong)作時靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)涂(tu)的(de)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)或(huo)(huo)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)、噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)杯部分接(jie)負極，工(gong)件接(jie)正(zheng)極并接(jie)地， 在高壓靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)生(sheng)器的(de)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓作用(yong)下(xia)，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)（或(huo)(huo)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)盤、噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)杯）的(de)端(duan)部與(yu)工(gong)件之間就(jiu)形成(cheng)(cheng)一個靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)場。涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)微(wei)粒(li)所受到的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場力(li)與(yu)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓主和(he)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)微(wei)粒(li)的(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)量成(cheng)(cheng)正(zheng)比(bi)，而與(yu)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)和(he)工(gong)件間的(de)距離(li)成(cheng)(cheng)反比(bi)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓足(zu)夠高時，噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)端(duan)部附(fu)近區域形成(cheng)(cheng)空氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)離(li)區，空氣激烈(lie)地離(li)子(zi)化和(he)發(fa)熱，使噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)槍(qiang)端(duan)部銳邊或(huo)(huo)極針周圍形成(cheng)(cheng)一個暗紅色的(de)暈(yun)(yun)圈，在黑暗中能(neng)明顯看見，這時空氣產生(sheng)強烈(lie)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)(yun)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

涂料中的(de)成膜物即(ji)樹(shu)脂和顏料等(deng)大多(duo)數是由(you)高分子有機化合物組成，多(duo)成為(wei)導(dao)電(dian)的(de)電(dian)介質，溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)形(xing)涂料除成膜物外還(huan)有有機溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)、助溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)、固化劑(ji)(ji)(ji)、靜電(dian)稀釋(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)、及(ji)其(qi)他各(ge)類添加劑(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)物質。

這類溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)除了(le)苯(ben)、二(er)(er)甲苯(ben)、溶(rong)劑(ji)(ji)汽油等，大多(duo)是極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)物質(zhi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻率較低，有(you)一定的(de)(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力，它們能(neng)(neng)(neng)提高涂料的(de)(de)帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)的(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)結構可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)和非極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)二(er)(er)種(zhong)。極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)組成的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)在(zai)受外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用(yong)時，顯(xian)示(shi)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)；非極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)組成的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)在(zai)外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用(yong)下，顯(xian)示(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，從而(er)對外(wai)來(lai)的(de)(de)導性(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷產生親合力，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)質(zhi)在(zai)外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場中(zhong)其外(wai)表面能(neng)(neng)(neng)局(ju)部帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

涂料(liao)經(jing)噴(pen)(pen)嘴霧化后噴(pen)(pen)出，被霧化的(de)(de)涂料(liao)微(wei)(wei)粒通過槍口的(de)(de)極針或噴(pen)(pen)盤、噴(pen)(pen)杯的(de)(de)邊緣時因接觸(chu)而帶電(dian)，當經(jing)過電(dian)暈放電(dian)所產生的(de)(de)氣(qi)體電(dian)離區時，將再(zai)一(yi)次(ci)增(zeng)加其表面電(dian)荷密度(du)。這些帶負(fu)電(dian)荷的(de)(de)涂料(liao)微(wei)(wei)粒的(de)(de)靜電(dian)場作用下，向導(dao)極性的(de)(de)工件表面運(yun)動，并被沉積在(zai)工件表面上(shang)形成均(jun)勻(yun)的(de)(de)涂膜。