LED應急燈電路圖

電話線LED燈：

又稱免電燈(即網上賣家俗稱的緬甸燈)，因為它采用普通家用固定電話的進線電壓做電源，無需電池或交流市電，把尾部的水晶頭插入電話分機接口即可照明，不用另交電費，也不用擔心停電。此外還能兼作電話來電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閃(shan)爍燈(deng).提醒聽(ting)力不太(tai)好(hao)的(de)老年人(ren)及(ji)時接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)，因電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)摘機(ji)后LED燈(deng)會(hui)熄(xi)滅(mie)，還能幫(bang)你及(ji)時發現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)是否(fou)被他人(ren)盜打，同(tong)時也(ye)具有一(yi)定的(de)防雷擊保護作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用。不過由于該產(chan)品使用的(de)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)所屬的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)機(ji)房饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，使用時一(yi)旦(dan)索取電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)過大難免會(hui)影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)撥(bo)打和傳真收發，特別是ADSL寬帶用戶撥(bo)號上(shang)網時容易(yi)造成頻(pin)繁掉線。圖3是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)線LED燈(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)原理圖，36V或(huo)48V的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)線路直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓經10kΩ限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻并由4個二極(ji)管(或(huo)整流(liu)(liu)(liu)橋)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)極(ji)性變換后加(jia)在LED上(shang)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話(hua)(hua)饋(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為36V時，實測(ce)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)約(yue)1.2mA，亮度偏(pian)低，把限(xian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻換成5.6kΩ時工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)升為2.1mA：亮度稍微有些增加(jia)。

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考慮到電話線LED燈對上網(wang)存在不(bu)(bu)利(li)影響，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)經常接在電(dian)話線上，筆(bi)者又對該燈進(jin)行了(le)一番改(gai)(gai)造，改(gai)(gai)造后(hou)的(de)電(dian)路原理圖如圖4所示(shi)，把中間的(de)6顆LED改(gai)(gai)成(cheng)并聯，同時(shi)增加(jia)一塊3.6V的(de)手機(ji)鋰(li)離子電(dian)池，平時(shi)使用內(nei)置的(de)新增鋰(li)電(dian)工(gong)(gong)作，當限流電(dian)阻為5.6Ω時(shi)，工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)流約(yue)120mA，亮度(du)(du)比較令(ling)人滿意。緊急情(qing)況下仍(reng)可采用插入電(dian)話分(fen)機(ji)接口照明，改(gai)(gai)造后(hou)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)流約(yue)4.6mA，亮度(du)(du)還算說得過去(qu)。

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自帶鉛酸蓄電池能充電的LED燈：

根(gen)據實物畫出的(de)電路(lu)工作原理(li)圖如圖5所(suo)示，220V交流市電經電容降(jiang)壓(ya)、二極管整(zheng)流后(hou)(hou)給鉛酸蓄電池充電，紅色(se)LED作充電指示。充好(hao)(hao)電后(hou)(hou)使用時閉(bi)合按(an)鈕(niu)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)K，將首先(xian)接通3顆彩(cai)色(se)閃爍LED，發出夢幻般(ban)變化(hua)莫測(ce)的(de)七彩(cai)光芒，在(zai)夜間平(ping)添一些生活樂趣，再按(an)一下(xia)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)K則關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)彩(cai)色(se)閃爍LED，接著再按(an)才會接通24顆并聯的(de)高(gao)亮(liang)LED，由于數目較多(duo)，照明效果很好(hao)(hao)。

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當鉛酸電池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為4V時，實測彩(cai)燈(deng)工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流約60mA，高(gao)亮(liang)(liang)LED電(dian)(dian)(dian)流竟達600多(duo)mA。這(zhe)樣大的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不僅使(shi)得每次充滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)后照明(ming)時間不會太長，而(er)且會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池內(nei)部結構造(zao)成損傷(shang)，縮短使(shi)用(yong)壽命，因(yin)此(ci)必須(xu)給高(gao)亮(liang)(liang)LED串(chuan)入(ru)一個(ge)小(xiao)阻值(zhi)限流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，經多(duo)次試驗選定1.2Ω時工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流最(zui)終降為320mA，而(er)亮(liang)(liang)度(du)變化不太明(ming)顯，因(yin)該款燈(deng)改動不大，改造(zao)后的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路原理圖省略(lve)。

通過(guo)以上剖析發現，市場(chang)上出售的各(ge)種(zhong)LED燈電路大多過(guo)于(yu)簡單，雖(sui)說價(jia)格(ge)十分(fen)便(bian)宜，但(dan)在(zai)客觀上仍會造成能源(yuan)浪費，只有(you)經過(guo)一(yi)番合理改進，才能既(ji)保留它經濟便(bian)攜的優點，又有(you)效地提(ti)高使(shi)用安(an)全性(xing)和可(ke)靠性(xing)。