電梯變頻器工作原理

現在電梯都是用變頻器來(lai)控制，當變頻器出故障就會給很(hen)多人(ren)帶(dai)來(lai)不(bu)便，如(ru)果(guo)維修(xiu)(xiu)人(ren)員(yuan)能正確理(li)解電梯變頻器原理(li)，那么維修(xiu)(xiu)就得容易了(le)。

VVVF 是 Variable Voltage and Variable Frequency 的(de)(de)縮寫，意為改(gai)(gai)變(bian)電壓和改(gai)(gai)變(bian)頻率(lv)，也(ye)就是人們所(suo)說的(de)(de)變(bian)壓變(bian)頻。

CVCF 是 Constant Voltage and Constant Frequency 的縮寫，意(yi)為恒(heng)電壓、恒(heng)頻(pin)率(lv)，也就是人們(men)所說(shuo)的恒(heng)壓恒(heng)頻(pin)。

我(wo)們(men)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)分為(wei)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)和(he)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，一般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)大(da)多(duo)是由交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)通(tong)過變(bian)壓器變(bian)壓，整流(liu)濾波(bo)后(hou)得到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)在(zai)人們(men)使用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)中(zhong)占(zhan)總使用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)95％左右。無論是用(yong)(yong)于(yu)家庭還是用(yong)(yong)于(yu)工(gong)廠，單相(xiang)(xiang)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)和(he)三相(xiang)(xiang)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，其(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)均按(an)各國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)規定有一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)標準，如我(wo)國(guo)大(da)陸規定，直(zhi)接用(yong)(yong)戶單相(xiang)(xiang)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)220V，三相(xiang)(xiang)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)380V，頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)為(wei)50Hz，其(qi)它國(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)可能(neng)于(yu)我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)不(bu)同，如有單相(xiang)(xiang)100V/60Hz，三相(xiang)(xiang)200V/60Hz等等，標準的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)叫工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"小含"提供，版權聲明反饋

通常，把電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)頻率固(gu)定(ding)不變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)工頻交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)換為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)或頻率可(ke)(ke)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)裝置稱作“變(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)”。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)產生可(ke)(ke)變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)頻率，該設備首先要把電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)換為(wei)(wei)(wei)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)（DC），這(zhe)個(ge)過程(cheng)叫整流(liu)(liu)(liu)。把直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)（DC）變(bian)(bian)換為(wei)(wei)(wei)交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)（AC）的(de)(de)裝置，其科學術語(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“inverter”(逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器(qi))。一(yi)般(ban)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器(qi)是把直流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)固(gu)定(ding)頻率和(he)(he)一(yi)定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。對于逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)頻率可(ke)(ke)調(diao)(diao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可(ke)(ke)調(diao)(diao)的(de)(de)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)器(qi)我們稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)變(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)。

變頻器輸出的波形是模擬正弦波，主要是用在三相異步電動機調速用，又叫變頻調速器。對于主要用在儀器儀表的(de)(de)檢(jian)測設(she)備中(zhong)的(de)(de)波形(xing)要求較高的(de)(de)可(ke)變(bian)頻率逆變(bian)器(qi)，要對波形(xing)進行整理，可(ke)以輸出標準的(de)(de)正(zheng)弦波，叫(jiao)變(bian)頻電(dian)源。一般變(bian)頻電(dian)源是(shi)變(bian)頻器(qi)價格的(de)(de)15－－20倍(bei)。由于變(bian)頻器(qi)設(she)備中(zhong)產(chan)生(sheng)變(bian)化的(de)(de)電(dian)壓或頻率的(de)(de)主(zhu)要裝置(zhi)叫(jiao)“inverter”，故該產(chan)品本身就(jiu)被(bei)命名為“inverter”，即(ji)：變(bian)頻器(qi)。

變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器也可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)品(pin)。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器的(de)家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)品(pin)中，不僅(jin)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)（例如(ru)空調等），還有(you)熒光(guang)燈等產(chan)品(pin)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)控制(zhi)的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器，既可以改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，又可以改(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)。但用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)熒光(guang)燈的(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)調節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)。汽車(che)上(shang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池（直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)）產(chan)生(sheng)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)設備(bei)也以“inverter”的(de)名稱進行出售。變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器的(de)工作原理(li)被廣泛應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)各個領域。例如(ru)計算機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在該(gai)項應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中，變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)器用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)抑制(zhi)反向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)的(de)波(bo)動及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)瞬間斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

電梯變頻器維修與保養

1、電(dian)梯電(dian)氣室溫度不(bu)能太高，否則變頻器元件容易老化，最好裝(zhuang)有空(kong)調，效(xiao)果相當不(bu)錯！

2、防(fang)止雨水(shui)淋(lin)(lin)濕，通常是在(zai)刮臺風時(shi)，窗門被風吹壞而使變頻器淋(lin)(lin)到(dao)雨水(shui)。

3、防(fang)雷(lei)電，這個(ge)就關系到整(zheng)棟樓(lou)或整(zheng)個(ge)小區防(fang)雷(lei)設施問(wen)題，被雷(lei)擊的變頻器(qi)一(yi)般損壞嚴重。

4、變頻器的散熱(re)風扇要定時清塵，發現(xian)其(qi)有(you)響(xiang)聲或不運轉就要更換。

5、電(dian)(dian)梯電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)有不正常響(xiang)聲通常是變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)有問題，如(ru)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)三相電(dian)(dian)流(liu)不平(ping)衡，這時最好就(jiu)要維修，等到變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)完全不行則損壞(huai)可能比較嚴重。如(ru)果(guo)自己沒有維修經驗就(jiu)不要自己維修，避免把變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)器(qi)弄得更壞(huai)。