【交流(liu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機 直流(liu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機】交流(liu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機和直流(liu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)機的(de)區別是什么？

交流發電機和直流發電機的區別是什么？

1、相同點

（1）結構相同：交流發電機與直流電(dian)動機結構上(shang)都是由(you)定子、轉(zhuan)子、鐵芯、線圈、磁極、電(dian)刷等組成。

（2）電磁應(ying)用(yong)相同：都是電生(sheng)磁、磁生(sheng)電現象的應(ying)用(yong)。

（3）轉換使用相同：異步電動機，只要用原動機(如水輪機、柴油機等)拖動，使轉子轉速n高于旋轉磁場的同步轉速n1，即使轉差率S= 為負值，再加上激磁電流后，就變成了交流異步發電機；直流電動機，如果把它的動(dong)(dong)力(li)部分改變為外來動(dong)(dong)力(li)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)，它的電(dian)樞繞組(zu)及激磁繞組(zu)端頭上就有直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)壓，這就說明直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)也可以作為直(zhi)流(liu)發電(dian)機(ji)使用。

（4）運(yun)(yun)行維護相同：運(yun)(yun)行中均需檢查其運(yun)(yun)轉、聲音、振動是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)正(zheng)常(chang)，通風是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)良(liang)好(hao)，軸(zhou)承(cheng)潤滑油是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)充足，定(ding)子繞組及各部分的(de)溫度是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)正(zheng)常(chang)，轉子電(dian)刷上有(you)無異(yi)常(chang)火花，電(dian)壓、電(dian)流(liu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)在額定(ding)值范(fan)圍內，機殼接(jie)地或接(jie)零(ling)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)良(liang)好(hao)等。

2、不同點

（1）工作原理(li)不同：交流(liu)發電(dian)(dian)機是(shi)根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應原理(li)制作的，就(jiu)是(shi)說，不管是(shi)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(線(xian)(xian)圈)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，還是(shi)磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，只要導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(線(xian)(xian)圈)與磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)之間(jian)有相(xiang)對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(線(xian)(xian)圈)切割(ge)磁(ci)力線(xian)(xian)，就(jiu)會在導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(線(xian)(xian)圈)中產生電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)勢，即動(dong)(dong)了(le)才有電(dian)(dian)叫(jiao)(jiao)發電(dian)(dian)；直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機是(shi)根(gen)據載流(liu)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(線(xian)(xian)圈)在磁(ci)場(chang)(chang)中受力而運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的原理(li)制作的，即通了(le)電(dian)(dian)才能動(dong)(dong)叫(jiao)(jiao)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)。

（2）構造不同：交流發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機線(xian)圈兩端各(ge)接一(yi)個銅制圓環(滑環)即(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷；而直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機線(xian)圈兩端各(ge)接一(yi)個銅制半(ban)環叫換(huan)向(xiang)器(qi)，它對每個繞組的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流起換(huan)向(xiang)作(zuo)用，使(shi)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)變為直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

（3）方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)判(pan)定(ding)(ding)不同：交流發電(dian)機(ji)感應電(dian)動勢的方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)，利用右手定(ding)(ding)則(ze)判(pan)定(ding)(ding)；而直流電(dian)動機(ji)旋轉方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)，則(ze)用左手定(ding)(ding)則(ze)判(pan)定(ding)(ding)。

（4）能(neng)的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)不同(tong)：交流發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)輸(shu)入的是機(ji)械能(neng)，輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)的是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)；即將機(ji)械能(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)；而直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)則(ze)輸(shu)入的是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)的是機(ji)械能(neng)，即將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)機(ji)械能(neng)的施轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)。