【單相電(dian)度表(biao)】單相電(dian)度表(biao)電(dian)的接線方法 單相電(dian)度表(biao)的工(gong)作原(yuan)理

目前來說電度表是每家每戶必須安(an)裝的，單(dan)相(xiang)電度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)是電度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)的一種，是用來(lai)測(ce)量電能(neng)的儀表(biao)(biao)(biao)，又稱(cheng)電度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)，火表(biao)(biao)(biao)，電能(neng)表(biao)(biao)(biao)，千瓦小時表(biao)(biao)(biao)，指測(ce)量各種電學量的儀表(biao)(biao)(biao)。在生(sheng)活中，很多人都會遇到(dao)不知道電表(biao)(biao)(biao)的接法(fa)這樣的事，下(xia)面小編就來(lai)為您講解下(xia)單(dan)相(xiang)電度(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)接線方法(fa)，一起來(lai)學習下(xia)吧。

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單相電度表知識介紹

單(dan)(dan)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)的(de)一種，電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)主要結構是由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓線(xian)圈、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)線(xian)圈、轉盤、轉軸(zhou)、制動磁鐵(tie)、齒輪(lun)、計度(du)器(qi)等(deng)組成(cheng)。單(dan)(dan)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)，則一般(ban)是民用(yong)，接220V的(de)設備(bei)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)表(biao)(biao)(biao)是利用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)線(xian)圈在鋁(lv)盤上(shang)產(chan)生的(de)渦流(liu)與交變(bian)磁通相互作用(yong)產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁力(li)，使鋁(lv)盤轉動，同時(shi)引入制動力(li)矩，使鋁(lv)盤轉速與負載功率成(cheng)正比(bi)，通過軸(zhou)向(xiang)齒輪(lun)傳動，由(you)計度(du)器(qi)積算(suan)出(chu)(chu)轉盤轉數(shu)而測定出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能。

單相電度表工作原理：

當電(dian)(dian)度表接入被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路(lu)后，被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓U加在電(dian)(dian)壓線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)上，在其鐵芯(xin)中(zhong)形成一(yi)個(ge)交變的(de)磁通(tong)，這個(ge)磁通(tong)的(de)一(yi)部分ΦU由(you)回磁極穿過(guo)(guo)鋁盤(pan)(pan)到(dao)(dao)回到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)壓線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)鐵芯(xin)中(zhong);同(tong)理，被(bei)測電(dian)(dian)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)流I通(tong)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)流線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)后，也要在電(dian)(dian)流線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)U形鐵芯(xin)中(zhong)形成一(yi)個(ge)交變磁通(tong)Φi，這個(ge)磁通(tong)由(you)U形成鐵芯(xin)的(de)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)由(you)下至上穿過(guo)(guo)鋁盤(pan)(pan)，然后又由(you)上至下穿過(guo)(guo)鋁盤(pan)(pan)回到(dao)(dao)U形鐵芯(xin)的(de)另(ling)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)。

其(qi)中回(hui)磁(ci)板4是(shi)由鋼板沖(chong)制而成的(de)(de)(de)，它的(de)(de)(de)下端(duan)伸(shen)入鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)(pan)下部，與(yu)隔著(zhu)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)(pan)和電壓部件的(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)芯(xin)柱(zhu)相(xiang)對(dui)應(ying)，以便構成電壓線(xian)圈工作(zuo)(zuo)磁(ci)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)回(hui)路。由于穿過(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個磁(ci)通(tong)是(shi)交流磁(ci)通(tong)，而且是(shi)在(zai)不同位置穿過(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)(pan)，因此就在(zai)各自穿過(guo)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)位置附近(jin)產(chan)生感應(ying)渦流，兩(liang)個磁(ci)通(tong)與(yu)這些渦流的(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)互作(zuo)(zuo)用，便在(zai)鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)(pan)上(shang)產(chan)生推動鋁(lv)(lv)盤(pan)(pan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動的(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動力矩。

單相電度表接線方法：

電度(du)表(biao)的接(jie)線方法有兩(liang)種(zhong)：跳入式接(jie)法和順入式接(jie)法;

這兩種接(jie)線(xian)(xian)方法(fa)從表(biao)面上看不(bu)大一樣，其內(nei)部原理(li)是相同的(de)，即電流表(biao)的(de)電流線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)串入負載回路中，而電壓線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)與負載并聯，兩個(ge)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)的(de)“*”端(duan)應接(jie)電源的(de)同一極(ji)性端(duan)。一般單相電度(du)(du)表(biao)有專門(men)的(de)接(jie)線(xian)(xian)盒(he)，打(da)開(kai)盒(he)蓋看到有四個(ge)接(jie)線(xian)(xian)端(duan)鈕(niu)，實際接(jie)線(xian)(xian)采用(yong)哪(na)種方法(fa)，要(yao)根(gen)據電度(du)(du)表(biao)說明書中的(de)規(gui)定進行。

在低壓小電(dian)(dian)流的單相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)路中，電(dian)(dian)度表(biao)(biao)可以直接(jie)接(jie)在線路上。若負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)流很大或電(dian)(dian)壓很高，則應通過互感器(qi)才能接(jie)入電(dian)(dian)路。此時電(dian)(dian)流互感器(qi)的一次(ci)側與(yu)負(fu)載串聯，次(ci)級(ji)(ji)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)度表(biao)(biao)的電(dian)(dian)流線圈(quan)串聯，電(dian)(dian)壓互感器(qi)的初級(ji)(ji)與(yu)負(fu)載并聯，次(ci)級(ji)(ji)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)度表(biao)(biao)的電(dian)(dian)壓線圈(quan)并聯。

單相電度表使用方法

1、合理選(xuan)擇(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度表：一是根據任(ren)務選(xuan)擇(ze)單相(xiang)或(huo)三相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度表。對于(yu)三相(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度表，應根據被測線路(lu)是三相(xiang)三線制還是三相(xiang)四線制來(lai)選(xuan)擇(ze)。二是額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的選(xuan)擇(ze)，必須使負載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流等于(yu)或(huo)小(xiao)于(yu)其額定值。

2、安裝電度表：電度表(biao)(biao)通常(chang)與配(pei)(pei)電裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)一起，而電度表(biao)(biao)應該(gai)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)配(pei)(pei)電裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)的下方，其中心距(ju)地(di)面(mian)1.5~1.8米處;并列安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)多只(zhi)電度表(biao)(biao)時，兩表(biao)(biao)間距(ju)不得小于200毫(hao)米;不同電價的用電線(xian)路應該(gai)分別裝(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao)(biao);同一電價的用電線(xian)路應該(gai)合并裝(zhuang)(zhuang)表(biao)(biao);安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)電度表(biao)(biao)時，必須使表(biao)(biao)身與地(di)面(mian)垂直，否則會影(ying)響其準確度。

3、正確(que)接線(xian)(xian)(xian)：要根(gen)據說明(ming)書(shu)的要求和接線(xian)(xian)(xian)圖把進線(xian)(xian)(xian)和出(chu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)依次對號接在電度表的出(chu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)頭上;接線(xian)(xian)(xian)時注意電源的相序關系，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)無(wu)功電度表更要注意相序;接線(xian)(xian)(xian)完(wan)畢后，要反復查對無(wu)誤后才能合閘(zha)使用。