建筑金屬材料有哪些

金屬裝飾材料分為兩大類，一是黑色金屬，如鋼、鐵；二是有色金屬。如鋁、鋼、彩色不銹鋼板等的合金材料。

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建筑裝飾金屬材料的應用

1、 不銹鋼制品

鋼(gang)是(shi)由鐵(tie)冶(ye)煉出來的，在(zai)鋼(gang)中加(jia)入以鉻為主的元素(su)就(jiu)制作成不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)。鉻元素(su)性質活躍，能與(yu)大氣(qi)小的氧(yang)進(jin)行化合(he)，生成緊因的一(yi)層氧(yang)化膜，從而保護合(he)金鋼(gang)，使其(qi)不易生銹(xiu)。鉻元素(su)含量越高(gao)，抗腐蝕性就(jiu)越強：

不銹鋼制(zhi)品主(zhu)要有(you)以下幾種：

（1）不(bu)銹鋼板、管材(cai)

不銹鋼制品的五金裝飾配件有：門拉手、合頁、門吸、門陰、滑輪、毛巾架(jia)、玻(bo)璃幕(mu)墻的點支式配(pei)件等；生活日用品有：不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼水瓶、不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼茶壺(hu)、不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼砂鍋(guo)、不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼刀等。

不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)制品(pin)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料應(ying)用(yong)在裝飾(shi)(shi)工程(cheng)中主要(yao)(yao)為(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)，其厚度一般(ban)在0．6—2．omm之間，主要(yao)(yao)應(ying)用(yong)在墻柱面、扶(fu)手(shou)、欄桿等(deng)部位(wei)(wei)的(de)裝飾(shi)(shi)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)包(bao)圓形、折(zhe)角都基本上在加工廠(chang)里(li)按設計尺寸定型，再運(yun)(yun)輸到施工現場定位(wei)(wei)、焊接(jie)、磨(mo)光(guang)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)有亮光(guang)板(ban)(ban)、亞光(guang)板(ban)(ban)、砂(sha)光(guang)板(ban)(ban)之分。板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)規(gui)格為(wei)(wei)：1219mmx2438mm、1219mmx3048mm等(deng)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)管材(cai)(cai)(cai)主要(yao)(yao)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)于制作不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)電(dian)動門(men)、推拉(la)門(men)、欄桿、扶(fu)手(shou)、五(wu)金件等(deng)。

（2）彩色小銹鋼(gang)板材(cai)

彩(cai)(cai)(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)是在不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)表面(mian)(mian)進行著色(se)(se)(se)處(chu)理，使(shi)其(qi)成為(wei)黃(huang)、紅、黃(huang)、綠(lv)、藍等(deng)各(ge)種(zhong)色(se)(se)(se)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)。常用的(de)(de)(de)彩(cai)(cai)(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)有鈦金板(ban)(ban)(ban)、蝕刻板(ban)(ban)(ban)、鈦黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)鏡面(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)，不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)鍍膜(mo)著色(se)(se)(se)工藝的(de)(de)(de)新技術讓(rang)原本單調的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)擁有成絢麗多彩(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)飾效果。尤其(qi)是彩(cai)(cai)(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)鈦金板(ban)(ban)(ban)裝(zhuang)飾效果與黃(huang)金的(de)(de)(de)外觀相似(si)，用于酒店會所等(deng)到高檔場所比較多。常用到板(ban)(ban)(ban)材厚度為(wei)：0.5—2.0mm等(deng)，規格(ge)為(wei)1219*2438mm、1219mm*3048mm等(deng)；彩(cai)(cai)(cai)色(se)(se)(se)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)顏色(se)(se)(se)可以通過定制加(jia)工廠(chang)家制作。

（3）不(bu)銹鋼復合管

水銹鋼復合管是(shi)在(zai)商業建(jian)筑樓梯走廊等應用(yong)(yong)比價多，現在(zai)一般(ban)會是(shi)使用(yong)(yong)彩色鍍膜加工工藝，除了增加其裝(zhuang)飾(shi)的(de)美觀性之外，還常常運用(yong)(yong)在(zai)有承重及強度方面(mian)要求的(de)場所，如健身房、舞蹈(dao)練功房的(de)扶手等。

2、鋁合金制品

鋁(lv)在有色(se)金屬(shu)中是屬(shu)于比較(jiao)輕的(de)金屬(shu)，銀白色(se)鋁(lv)加入鎂、銅、硅等元素就成了(le)鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金。鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金具有質輕、抗(kang)腐(fu)蝕的(de)特(te)點(dian)，在建筑裝飾工程中運(yun)用十分(fen)廣泛(fan)，如鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金門窗料、玻璃(li)幕(mu)墻龍(long)骨、頂(ding)棚吊(diao)頂(ding)龍(long)骨〔閣1—82、圖1—83)、室(shi)外招(zhao)牌龍(long)骨及(ji)室(shi)內培面隔墻龍(long)骨等。除了(le)銀白色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金運(yun)用較(jiao)廣泛(fan)之外，紅、黃、綠(lv)、藍等各種顏色(se)的(de)鋁(lv)合(he)(he)金材料也有較(jiao)廣的(de)用途。

鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾制品(pin)材料(liao)有：鍋臺金(jin)(jin)(jin)門窗、鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)通風口、鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)百葉(xie)窗、鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)拉閘(zha)門、鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)扣板等。其中鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)門面窗料(liao)是建筑裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾工(gong)程巾運(yun)用最廣泛的材料(liao)。

3、銅合金制品

由于銅(tong)強度不(bu)高，易折斷(duan)、工(gong)程(cheng)中—般運用(yong)(yong)加(jia)人鋅(xin)、錫等元素的(de)合金銅(tong)裝飾材料。銅(tong)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)較高，常用(yong)(yong)于高級(ji)裝飾工(gong)程(cheng)起點綴(zhui)修(xiu)(xiu)飾作用(yong)(yong)的(de)部位。鋼合金制品有銅(tong)藝扶手、欄桿、銅(tong)質門(men)拉手、門(men)鎖、合頁(ye)、門(men)阻、沽具(ju)龍頭(tou)、燈具(ju)、復合地板(ban)銅(tong)嵌條、樓梯踏(ta)步止滑條等。隨著(zhu)彩(cai)色不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼仿(fang)青古(gu)(gu)銅(tong)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝逐(zhu)步成(cheng)(cheng)熟，已(yi)經出(chu)現了采用(yong)(yong)仿(fang)青古(gu)(gu)銅(tong)來代(dai)替銅(tong)材料裝飾裝修(xiu)(xiu)，不(bu)僅尤其銅(tong)材料的(de)裝飾效果，而且在成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)上也可大大節(jie)省了很多，也有利于彩(cai)色不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼仿(fang)青古(gu)(gu)銅(tong)板(ban)向(xiang)各個行業發展。

4、輕鋼龍骨

輕鋼(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)是(shi)(shi)安裝各種罩(zhao)面板(ban)的(de)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)架，是(shi)(shi)木龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)換代產品。輕鋼(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)配以不同材質(zhi)、不同花色(se)的(de)罩(zhao)面板(ban)，不僅改善了(le)建(jian)筑物的(de)熱一學、聲學特性，也直接造就了(le)不同的(de)裝飾(shi)藝術和(he)風格，是(shi)(shi)室內設計必須考慮的(de)重要內容。輕鋼(gang)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)從材質(zhi)上(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)鋁(lv)合金龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鋁(lv)帶龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鍍(du)鋅鋼(gang)板(ban)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。和(he)薄壁冷軋退火卷帶龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從斷(duan)(duan)面上(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)V型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、C型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)及L型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從用(yong)途上(shang)分(fen)(fen)(fen)有(you)(you)吊頂龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號(hao)D）、隔斷(duan)(duan)（墻體）龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號(hao)Q）。吊頂龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)主龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（大龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）、次(ci)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（中龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)小龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）。主龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也叫承載龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，次(ci)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也叫覆面龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。隔斷(duan)(duan)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)豎龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、橫龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)通貫龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)。鋁(lv)合金龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)多(duo)做成T型(xing)，T型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)主要用(yong)于吊頂。各種輕鋼(gang) 薄板(ban)多(duo)作成V型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)C型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，它(ta)們在吊頂和(he)隔斷(duan)(duan)中均可(ke)采用(yong)。

5、金箔

是(shi)(shi)以黃金為顏料而(er)制成的一(yi)(yi)種極薄的飾面材料，厚(hou)度僅為0.lpm左右。較多的是(shi)(shi)國家(jia)重點(dian)文物和高(gao)級建筑物的局部 用金箔裝被(bei)潤色(se)。金字(zi)招牌：是(shi)(shi)金箔的應用的一(yi)(yi)種創新(xin)，是(shi)(shi)其(qi)他材料制作的招牌無法比(bi)擬的，豪(hao)華(hua)名貴，永不褪色(se)，能保持20年以上。它的價格比(bi)一(yi)(yi)般銅字(zi)招牌貴一(yi)(yi)倍左右，但外表色(se)彩與光澤，使用年限(xian)都明顯好于銅字(zi)招牌。