在水電裝修過程中,電線安裝施工是相當重要的一環,直接關系到整個家庭的用電安全,因此選擇質量過硬的家用電線無疑(yi)是每個裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修業主(zhu)的訴求。那么(me)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修用(yong)(yong)什么(me)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)好?家用(yong)(yong)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)怎么(me)選呢?下面,maigoo小編為大(da)家分(fen)享30年老電(dian)工挑(tiao)選電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)經(jing)驗,從硬線(xian)(xian)(xian)軟線(xian)(xian)(xian)、電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)規(gui)格、阻燃電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)多方面細節入手為大(da)家答疑(yi)解惑。
硬線(xian):即BV線(xian),多以單芯線(xian)為主,在一(yi)個絕緣層內只有一(yi)路導(dao)體,它具(ju)有抗拉力強、不易霉斷、抗浪(lang)涌電流強、方(fang)便整形等優點。一(yi)般(ban)電路的電壓常達到35KV以上,建議選用單芯線(xian)。
軟線:即BVR線,多以多芯線為主,在(zai)一個絕緣層中(zhong)有兩路(lu)或者是(shi)多路(lu)導體,它具有柔軟性(xing)(xing)好、散熱較好、抗趨膚性(xing)(xing)好、抗折斷性(xing)(xing)好等(deng)優點,常用于電(dian)壓35kV及其以下的電(dian)壓等(deng)級。
目前市場上常見的電線規格按導體截面積(ji)大小,分為1.5平(ping)(ping)方、2.5平(ping)(ping)方、4平(ping)(ping)方、6平(ping)(ping)方等幾種,一般規格越大,能承受的電流電壓越高(gao),在(zai)選購時可(ke)按照使用對象合理選擇。
選(xuan)購建議(yi):照明(ming)燈具、地線(xian)等(deng)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)功(gong)(gong)率小的地方(fang),適合用(yong)1.5平方(fang)電(dian)(dian)線(xian);開(kai)關插座存(cun)在電(dian)(dian)路(lu)支線(xian),適合選用(yong)2.5平方(fang)電(dian)(dian)線(xian);空(kong)調、冰箱等(deng)大功(gong)(gong)率電(dian)(dian)器,電(dian)(dian)路(lu)主線(xian)功(gong)(gong)率比較大,建(jian)議選用(yong)4平方(fang)及以上電(dian)(dian)線(xian);進(jin)戶主干線(xian)或(huo)中央空(kong)調專(zhuan)線(xian)這類載流量極(ji)大的,一般(ban)太細的線(xian)無法承受,最好(hao)選用(yong)6平方(fang)及以上的電(dian)(dian)線(xian)。
阻燃電(dian)線與普通絕緣(yuan)電(dian)線的(de)區別(bie)在(zai)于阻燃電(dian)線的(de)外層(ceng)塑料絕緣(yuan)層(ceng)內含(han)有阻燃成(cheng)分,能在(zai)發生火(huo)災的(de)情(qing)況下,保持電(dian)路的(de)完整性,確保關鍵的(de)應急系統的(de)功(gong)能安全正(zheng)常運行(xing)。
有必(bi)要安(an)裝嗎?阻燃電(dian)(dian)線(xian)完全(quan)能滿足(zu)并(bing)(bing)提高家(jia)庭(ting)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)安全(quan),不過對于家(jia)庭(ting)裝(zhuang)修,并(bing)(bing)沒有相關規定強制要求選(xuan)擇阻燃電(dian)(dian)線(xian)。而且(qie)阻燃電(dian)(dian)線(xian)的價格也相對更高,業主們可(ke)根據裝(zhuang)修預算來決定是(shi)否安裝(zhuang)阻燃電(dian)(dian)線(xian)。
看合格認證:再差的國標線(xian),也(ye)比非標線(xian)好得(de)多。看有無國家強(qiang)制產品認證(zheng)的“CCC”和出產許可證(zheng)號;看有無質量(liang)體系認證(zheng)書(shu);看合格(ge)證(zheng)是否規范;看電(dian)線(xian)上是否印(yin)有商標、規格(ge)、電(dian)壓等。
看銅芯顏色:剝開一(yi)段電線(xian)(xian)的絕緣(yuan)層,看(kan)里面銅(tong)(tong)(tong)芯導體(ti)的顏色(se),優(you)質的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)芯線(xian)(xian)呈(cheng)紫(zi)紅色(se),稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為紫(zi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)或紅銅(tong)(tong)(tong);差一(yi)點的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)呈(cheng)金黃色(se),稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong);最差的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)是黑色(se),稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為鐵桿銅(tong)(tong)(tong)。
看絕緣膠皮:偽劣(lie)電線絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)看上去好像(xiang)很厚實,實際上大多是(shi)用(yong)再生塑料(liao)制成(cheng)的,只要稍用(yong)力擠壓,擠壓處會成(cheng)白色狀,并(bing)有粉(fen)末掉落。用(yong)指(zhi)甲在絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)上劃一下,如果能留(liu)下劃痕,證明絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)層(ceng)彈性較差。
彎折檢(jian)測(ce):拿一段電(dian)線,在某(mou)個地方反(fan)復彎(wan)(wan)折(zhe),優質電(dian)線在彎(wan)(wan)折(zhe)過程中能夠感覺到非(fei)常柔軟(ruan);如果彎(wan)(wan)折(zhe)后絕(jue)緣(yuan)層發白,證明絕(jue)緣(yuan)層太硬、太脆,長(chang)時(shi)間使用,容易漏電(dian)。
燃燒(shao)檢測:用打火(huo)機(ji)燒(shao)絕(jue)緣層(ceng)(ceng),直至絕(jue)緣層(ceng)(ceng)起火(huo)后拿開打火(huo)機(ji),計算(suan)絕(jue)緣層(ceng)(ceng)熄(xi)滅時間。5秒以內自(zi)動熄(xi)滅,證明絕(jue)緣層(ceng)(ceng)阻(zu)(zu)燃性能達(da)標;如果自(zi)動熄(xi)滅時間較長,甚至越(yue)燒(shao)越(yue)旺(wang),則阻(zu)(zu)燃性太差(cha),不要買。