一、圓股鋼絲繩結構工藝

由(you)圓形繩股(gu)圍(wei)繞繩芯(xin)按(an)螺旋方式(shi)捻(nian)制成(cheng)的(de)(de)鋼絲繩。圓形繩股(gu)是由(you)幾層等(deng)徑或(huo)不(bu)等(deng)徑的(de)(de)圓鋼絲或(huo)異形鋼絲，按(an)同心(xin)(xin)圓或(huo)以股(gu)芯(xin)為中心(xin)(xin)捻(nian)制而成(cheng)的(de)(de)。

圓股鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)種類很多(duo)，根(gen)據(ju)不(bu)同(tong)用(yong)途，圓股鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)可用(yong)光面(mian)(mian)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)或鍍鋅鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)制(zhi)造，繩(sheng)(sheng)芯可用(yong)纖維(wei)芯和(he)金屬芯。纖維(wei)芯要經防(fang)腐(fu)、防(fang)銹(xiu)潤(run)滑油浸透(tou)。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)也要均(jun)勻(yun)地涂一層(ceng)防(fang)銹(xiu)油脂。所(suo)有(you)圓股鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)都(dou)應制(zhi)成不(bu)松(song)散的(de)(de)(見不(bu)松(song)散鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng))。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)和(he)繩(sheng)(sheng)股的(de)(de)捻(nian)距應符合規定。線接(jie)觸(chu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)股中各層(ceng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)具有(you)同(tong)一捻(nian)向和(he)同(tong)一捻(nian)距，各層(ceng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)絲(si)(si)直徑不(bu)同(tong)但(dan)成比例。

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單(dan)股鋼(gang)絲(si)繩多(duo)用(yong)(yong)來懸掛電(dian)(dian)線，作包麻鋼(gang)絲(si)繩的股芯，張(zhang)拉(la)鐵塔、煙囪和(he)電(dian)(dian)線桿等(deng);多(duo)股鋼(gang)絲(si)繩用(yong)(yong)于無極繩纜(lan)車，鋼(gang)絲(si)繩皮(pi)帶運(yun)(yun)輸機，索道牽(qian)(qian)引和(he)斜井(jing)卷(juan)揚，各種起重、提(ti)(ti)(ti)升和(he)牽(qian)(qian)引設備，捆綁、拖船、貨網、浮運(yun)(yun)木材，船舶張(zhang)拉(la)桅(wei)桿，鹽井(jing)，吊橋，電(dian)(dian)梯，打撈沉船，開鑿立井(jing)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升，立井(jing)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升，索道承(cheng)重等(deng)。

線接觸鋼絲(si)繩主(zhu)要用于(yu)農(nong)業電(dian)(dian)犁，以及(ji)在(zai)腐蝕不(bu)大而要求耐(nai)磨條件(jian)下的(de)各種起(qi)重、提(ti)升和(he)(he)牽引設備。具(ju)有金(jin)屬繩芯(xin)(xin)的(de)鋼絲(si)繩多在(zai)沖擊負荷、受熱(re)和(he)(he)擠壓條件(jian)下使用，如電(dian)(dian)鏟、熱(re)移鋼機等(deng)。繩芯(xin)(xin)和(he)(he)股芯(xin)(xin)為纖維芯(xin)(xin)的(de)鋼絲(si)繩主(zhu)要用于(yu)船舶裝(zhuang)卸、漁業拖網、電(dian)(dian)梯、起(qi)重機等(deng)。

二、圓股鋼絲繩和三角股鋼絲繩的區別

1、從生產成本看

三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有(you)兩種生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產工(gong)藝：圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)壓(ya)實(shi)法(fa)和螺旋(xuan)成(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)。圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)壓(ya)實(shi)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要經(jing)預變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)裝置壓(ya)彎(wan)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經(jing)三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)輥壓(ya)縮變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)由圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)形(xing)(xing)。螺旋(xuan)成(cheng)型(xing)法(fa)需要專門(men)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產設備(bei)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產出股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，預先形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)螺距;帶有(you)螺距的(de)(de)(de)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在成(cheng)品機上捻(nian)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經(jing)預變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)裝置壓(ya)彎(wan)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)捻(nian)制。無論采用哪種方法(fa)，三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產設備(bei)都要比圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)復雜，工(gong)序也要比圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)多(duo)。即使(shi)不考(kao)慮材(cai)料價格的(de)(de)(de)差別，三(san)角(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產成(cheng)本都要比圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)股(gu)(gu)(gu)鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高出大約三(san)分之一(市場噸價)。

2、從破斷拉力看

在三(san)角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)的(de)兩(liang)種生產工藝(yi)過(guo)程中(zhong)，鋼絲(si)(si)都要(yao)受到(dao)額(e)外的(de)壓應力(li)來形成三(san)角(jiao)形股(gu)(gu)截面，因(yin)此三(san)角(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼絲(si)(si)繩(sheng)單根鋼絲(si)(si)的(de)破斷拉(la)力(li)通(tong)常(chang)比(bi)圓股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)要(yao)小。整繩(sheng)破斷拉(la)力(li)也(ye)必然受到(dao)影響。

3、從使用壽命看

一般(ban)來講(jiang)，三角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)容積量(liang)總要(yao)(yao)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大，相對的其(qi)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)體(ti)積就會(hui)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)要(yao)(yao)小，但兩種鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)含(han)油(you)(you)(you)量(liang)占鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)重量(liang)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)要(yao)(yao)求是一樣的，都在(zai)1.5-2%之(zhi)間。為(wei)保(bao)證這(zhe)一比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)例，三角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)芯(xin)的含(han)油(you)(you)(you)量(liang)就會(hui)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)高。通常三角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)的含(han)油(you)(you)(you)量(liang)為(wei)25-30%，而(er)圓(yuan)股(gu)(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)只有14-18%。這(zhe)種差別表現(xian)(xian)為(wei)三角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)早(zao)期(qi)大量(liang)出油(you)(you)(you)，而(er)到了后期(qi)會(hui)出現(xian)(xian)無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)或嚴(yan)重缺油(you)(you)(you)現(xian)(xian)象。因(yin)此三角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)使用(yong)(yong)后期(qi)更容易(yi)出現(xian)(xian)銹蝕和內部磨損，導致(zhi)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)提前報廢。

通過以上三個方面的對比可以很清晰的看出圓股鋼絲繩要(yao)(yao)比三角股鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)有明顯的(de)優勢。所以(yi)礦井在選擇(ze)(ze)礦用鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)的(de)時候一定要(yao)(yao)仔細分析礦井的(de)實際條件(jian)，井深、井下環(huan)境(jing)，提升(sheng)量等(deng)等(deng)因素。綜合各方(fang)面信(xin)息選擇(ze)(ze)一個性(xing)能好的(de)提升(sheng)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)。