一、消防泵怎么啟動
消防控制室與消火栓動作按鈕啟動關系與消火栓泵的啟動形式有關。消防泵的(de)啟(qi)動(dong)方(fang)式一般分為兩種,第一種啟(qi)動(dong)方(fang)式是在總線(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)聯控(kong)(kong)方(fang)式下,消火栓(shuan)動(dong)作(zuo)按鈕(niu)的(de)起動(dong)可通過設在消火栓(shuan)旁的(de)聯動(dong)接口模塊將其要求的(de)啟(qi)動(dong)信(xin)號送至消防控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)室控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)臺,再(zai)從此(ci)處(chu)輸出使消火栓(shuan)啟(qi)動(dong)的(de)開(kai)關量(liang)觸點。
第二種啟(qi)動方(fang)式(shi)(shi),是直接(jie)將消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)作按(an)鈕的(de)(de)開關量(liang)觸點(dian)輸(shu)出(chu)到消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)泵啟(qi)動(dong)箱。這兩種(zhong)(zhong)啟(qi)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)在實際設計中都可(ke)以運用,前(qian)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)接(jie)線省,但(dan)需(xu)在總線制下,對消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)聯(lian)動(dong)模塊進行地址編碼編程(cheng)來達到監測大(da)量(liang)消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。后一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)啟(qi)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)簡單可(ke)靠(kao),但(dan)還需(xu)要把(ba)消火(huo)(huo)栓(shuan)動(dong)作信號返給(gei)消防控制室。設計者(zhe)在具體設計中可(ke)根據實際工程(cheng)規模大(da)小來選用,工程(cheng)規模大(da)、建筑形(xing)式(shi)(shi)復(fu)雜可(ke)采用前(qian)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)啟(qi)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi),規模小可(ke)采用后一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)啟(qi)動(dong)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)。
消防泵(beng)的自啟動(dong)(dong)是通過(guo)各保(bao)護區的管(guan)網噴嘴玻璃(li)球高溫下爆碎(sui),引起管(guan)網水流流動(dong)(dong),從而聯動(dong)(dong)報(bao)警(jing)閥壓(ya)(ya)力(li)開關動(dong)(dong)作,達(da)到(dao)自啟動(dong)(dong)噴淋泵(beng)的目(mu)的。通過(guo)水流指示器聯動(dong)(dong)模塊或報(bao)警(jing)閥壓(ya)(ya)力(li)開關引線至控制(zhi)室,消防控制(zhi)室能(neng)準確反映其動(dong)(dong)作信號,同時控制(zhi)室應能(neng)直接(jie)控制(zhi)噴淋泵(beng)啟停。
二、消防泵的啟泵方式
1、星三角啟動模式
星三角(jiao)的(de)啟(qi)動模式結構簡單、價格(ge)便宜、可靠(kao)性高,為此,被廣泛利用,通(tong)過減小功率來降低設備啟(qi)動電流來進行啟(qi)動的(de)。電流特(te)性很(hen)好,而轉矩(ju)特(te)性較(jiao)差,所以(yi)客觀存(cun)在(zai)只適(shi)用于無載或者(zhe)輕載起動的(de)場合。
2、自耦降壓啟動模式
自耦(ou)(ou)降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)的啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式是利用(yong)自耦(ou)(ou)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)來降(jiang)低加在電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機定(ding)子繞(rao)組上的啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。待電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)后,再使電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機與自耦(ou)(ou)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)脫(tuo)離,從而在全(quan)壓(ya)(ya)下正常運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。這種降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)分為手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)和自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)控制(zhi)兩種。可以按允許的啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)流和所需的啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉矩來選(xuan)擇自耦(ou)(ou)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的不同(tong)抽頭實現降(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),而且不論電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機的定(ding)子繞(rao)組采用(yong)Y 或Δ接法都可以使用(yong)。
3、軟啟啟動模式
軟起動(dong)(dong)是通過(guo)采用降壓、補償或變頻等技(ji)術手(shou)段,實現電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)及機(ji)械負載的(de)平(ping)滑起動(dong)(dong),減(jian)少起動(dong)(dong)電(dian)流對電(dian)網的(de)影響程度(du),使電(dian)網和機(ji)械系統(tong)得以(yi)保護。這種形(xing)式(shi)成(cheng)本高但對設備保護較好。電(dian)壓由零慢慢提升到額(e)定電(dian)壓,這樣(yang)電(dian)機(ji)在啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)過(guo)程中的(de)啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)流,就由過(guo)去過(guo)載沖擊(ji)電(dian)流不可(ke)控制(zhi)變成(cheng)為可(ke)控制(zhi)。并且可(ke)根(gen)據需要調節啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)流的(de)大(da)小。
4、直啟啟動模式
消防泵直啟(qi)的模(mo)式(shi),一(yi)般是15KW以(yi)下水泵(beng)考慮,并滿足啟(qi)動負(fu)荷不大于容量的20%。限制較大,實際使用比較少。