一、電源避雷器的工作原理是什么

1、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)其它強干擾(rao)對通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)系統的(de)(de)致損(sun)及(ji)由此引起的(de)(de)后果是(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)，雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)防護將成(cheng)為(wei)必需。雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)由高(gao)能(neng)的(de)(de)低頻(pin)(pin)成(cheng)分與極具(ju)滲透性(xing)的(de)(de)高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)成(cheng)分組成(cheng)。其主要通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過兩種(zhong)形式(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源防雷(lei)器一種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過金屬(shu)管(guan)線(xian)或地(di)線(xian)直接傳導雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)致損(sun)設(she)備(bei)；一種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)閃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)及(ji)泄(xie)流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)的(de)(de)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)脈沖以(yi)各種(zhong)耦合方式(shi)感應到(dao)金屬(shu)管(guan)線(xian)或地(di)線(xian)產生浪涌致損(sun)設(she)備(bei)。絕大部分雷(lei)損(sun)由這(zhe)種(zhong)感應而(er)引起。對于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子信(xin)息設(she)備(bei)而(er)言，危(wei)害主要來(lai)自(zi)于由雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)引起的(de)(de)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)脈沖的(de)(de)耦合能(neng)量，通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過以(yi)下三個通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)所產生的(de)(de)瞬態浪涌。金屬(shu)管(guan)線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)，如自(zi)來(lai)水管(guan)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源線(xian)、天(tian)饋線(xian)、信(xin)號線(xian)、航(hang)空障礙燈(deng)引線(xian)等產生的(de)(de)浪涌；地(di)線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)，地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)們反(fan)擊；空間通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源防雷(lei)器的(de)(de)輻(fu)射能(neng)量。

2、其中金屬管線(xian)通(tong)道的浪(lang)涌和(he)地線(xian)通(tong)道的地電位反(fan)擊(ji)是(shi)電子(zi)信息(xi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)致損的主要原因，它(ta)的最見的致損形(xing)式(shi)是(shi)在電力線(xian)上(shang)引起的雷(lei)損，所以(yi)需(xu)作為防(fang)(fang)(fang)擴的重(zhong)點。由于雷(lei)電無孔不入地侵襲電子(zi)信息(xi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，雷(lei)電防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)將是(shi)個系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)工(gong)程(cheng)。雷(lei)電防(fang)(fang)(fang)護(hu)的中心(xin)內容是(shi)泄放和(he)均衡。

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二、電源防雷器怎么接線

電(dian)源防(fang)雷(lei)器接(jie)入模式：

1、在(zai)TN制(zhi)(zhi)式中(zhong)，一般情況下電(dian)源防(fang)(fang)雷器(qi)只需作(zuo)共(gong)模(mo)接(jie)(jie)法，即(ji)接(jie)(jie)于(yu)相線(xian)中(zhong)性(xing)線(xian)與保護地(di)線(xian)之(zhi)間。但在(zai)TN-S制(zhi)(zhi)式的(de)(de)起始位置，中(zhong)性(xing)線(xian)與保護地(di)線(xian)之(zhi)間無須(xu)接(jie)(jie)入電(dian)涌防(fang)(fang)雷器(qi)。只有對A級(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)雷等(deng)級(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)第三、四級(ji)(ji)和B級(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)雷等(deng)級(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)第三級(ji)(ji)上的(de)(de)特別重要設備的(de)(de)電(dian)源端口(kou)，才需做(zuo)差模(mo)接(jie)(jie)入，即(ji)增加接(jie)(jie)于(yu)相線(xian)與中(zhong)性(xing)線(xian)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)電(dian)源防(fang)(fang)雷器(qi)。

2、在TT制式中，當第一級電源防雷器位(wei)于漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)之后，可作上述共模接法。當第一級電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防雷(lei)器(qi)位(wei)于漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)之前，且高(gao)壓系統(tong)(tong)為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)心點(dian)接地系統(tong)(tong)，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)應(ying)作“3+1”接法，即三(san)個(ge)相線(xian)(xian)對中(zhong)(zhong)性線(xian)(xian)各(ge)接一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)，中(zhong)(zhong)性線(xian)(xian)對保(bao)(bao)護地線(xian)(xian)再接一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)，在IT制式中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防雷(lei)器(qi)只作共模接法。