一、碳膜電位器和繞線電位器區別在哪里

1、線繞電位器

線(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)是由繞(rao)(rao)在(zai)(zai)骨架上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻絲線(xian)(xian)圈和沿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)移動的(de)(de)(de)(de)滑臂以及其上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷組成(cheng)(cheng)，骨架截面(mian)(mian)應(ying)處處相等(deng)，由材(cai)料和截面(mian)(mian)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻絲等(deng)節(jie)距繞(rao)(rao)制(zhi)而成(cheng)(cheng)。線(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻體(ti)大(da)多(duo)是采用的(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)碳酸(suan)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合成(cheng)(cheng)樹脂材(cai)料來制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，所以應(ying)該避(bi)免與以下這些(xie)物品(pin)直接接觸(chu)：氨(an)水(shui)，其它胺類(lei)，堿水(shui)溶(rong)液，芳香族碳氫化(hua)(hua)合物，酮類(lei)，脂類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)碳氫化(hua)(hua)合物，強(qiang)烈(lie)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)品(pin)(酸(suan)堿值(zhi)過(guo)(guo)高(gao))等(deng)，否則會(hui)影響(xiang)線(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用性(xing)能。線(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)接時應(ying)避(bi)免使用水(shui)溶(rong)性(xing)助焊(han)(han)劑(ji)，否則將助長金屬(shu)氧化(hua)(hua)與材(cai)料發霉，避(bi)免使用劣質焊(han)(han)劑(ji)，焊(han)(han)錫不(bu)良(liang)可能造成(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)錫困難，導(dao)致(zhi)接觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang)或者(zhe)斷路。線(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)焊(han)(han)接過(guo)(guo)程中若焊(han)(han)接溫度過(guo)(guo)高(gao)或焊(han)(han)接時間過(guo)(guo)長可能導(dao)致(zhi)對線(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損壞。插腳(jiao)式端(duan)子(zi)(zi)焊(han)(han)接時應(ying)在(zai)(zai)235℃±5℃，3秒(miao)鐘(zhong)內(nei)完成(cheng)(cheng)，焊(han)(han)接應(ying)離電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)本(ben)體(ti)1.5MM以上(shang)，焊(han)(han)接時勿(wu)使用焊(han)(han)錫流穿線(xian)(xian)路板，焊(han)(han)線(xian)(xian)式端(duan)子(zi)(zi)焊(han)(han)接時應(ying)在(zai)(zai)350℃±10℃，3秒(miao)鐘(zhong)內(nei)完成(cheng)(cheng)。且端(duan)子(zi)(zi)應(ying)避(bi)免重壓(ya)，否則易(yi)造成(cheng)(cheng)接觸(chu)不(bu)良(liang)。

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2、碳膜電位器

碳(tan)膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在馬(ma)蹄(ti)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紙膠(jiao)板上(shang)涂上(shang)一層碳(tan)膜而制成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。碳(tan)膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)阻(zu)值(zhi)(zhi)變化(hua)和中間觸(chu)頭(tou)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系有直(zhi)線式(shi)、對數(shu)式(shi)和指數(shu)式(shi)三種(zhong)(zhong)。碳(tan)膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)有大型(xing)、小型(xing)、微型(xing)幾種(zhong)(zhong)，有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和開關一起組成(cheng)帶開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。從外觀方(fang)面來看(kan)，脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)與(yu)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)一樣都是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三個(ge)(ge)引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，但(dan)在其內部與(yu)引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1、2相(xiang)連(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩個(ge)(ge)長短不一的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)靜片，與(yu)引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3相(xiang)連(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一周有12或24個(ge)(ge)齒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)屬(shu)動片。當(dang)脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)旋轉時可出(chu)現四種(zhong)(zhong)狀態(tai)：即引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1相(xiang)連(lian)，引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)2及引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1全相(xiang)連(lian)。引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)2相(xiang)連(lian)，引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)3與(yu)引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)2及引(yin)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)1全斷開。碳(tan)膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)體是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用經過研磨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)黑、石(shi)墨、石(shi)英等材料涂敷于基(ji)體表面而成(cheng)，該工藝簡單(dan)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)目前應用最廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)。碳(tan)膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分辨(bian)力高耐磨(mo)(mo)性(xing)好，壽(shou)命較長。缺點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流噪聲，非線性(xing)大，耐潮性(xing)以及阻(zu)值(zhi)(zhi)穩定性(xing)差。

綜上所述，二者(zhe)最大的(de)區別是線繞電位(wei)(wei)器比(bi)碳膜(mo)電位(wei)(wei)器的(de)功率(lv)大得多(duo)，前(qian)者(zhe)可根據需要制成(cheng)功率(lv)不同的(de)電位(wei)(wei)器。

二、碳膜電位器怎么修

1、替換法

有些(xie)碳(tan)(tan)膜電(dian)位(wei)器(qi)磨損嚴重，用(yong)摩擦清洗(xi)法根(gen)本就不能解(jie)決(jue)問(wen)題，比如接觸簧片與(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜片發(fa)生斷裂，這樣(yang)的(de)問(wen)題一般都是采用(yong)替換(huan)法來(lai)解(jie)決(jue)。首先把損壞的(de)碳(tan)(tan)膜電(dian)位(wei)器(qi)從設備上拆下來(lai)，然后對它進(jin)行(xing)(xing)分拆，將壞了的(de)簧片與(yu)碳(tan)(tan)膜片用(yong)以前廢舊電(dian)位(wei)器(qi)中好的(de)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)替換(huan)再組合就行(xing)(xing)了。

2、摩擦清洗法

剛開始(shi)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)的(de)(de)磨損還(huan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)嚴重，表現出來的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)也只(zhi)是在(zai)調節時(shi)聲音出現雜音或(huo)音量(liang)時(shi)大時(shi)小，畫面有一些(xie)雜波等，這(zhe)主要是由于碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)電(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)在(zai)使用(yong)的(de)(de)過程(cheng)中侵(qin)入了灰塵或(huo)觸簧在(zai)與(yu)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)摩擦下產(chan)(chan)生了塵埃(ai)從(cong)而污(wu)染了觸點，致使觸簧與(yu)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)片(pian)(pian)接觸不(bu)(bu)(bu)良而產(chan)(chan)生的(de)(de)。對(dui)(dui)于這(zhe)種問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，經常使用(yong)的(de)(de)修復(fu)方法首先前(qian)提是不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)來回滑(hua)動或(huo)旋轉電(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)，這(zhe)樣做(zuo)可以去除(chu)觸點與(yu)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)片(pian)(pian)上的(de)(de)污(wu)物(wu)，讓(rang)觸點變得光(guang)潔，即使不(bu)(bu)(bu)清(qing)(qing)洗也能讓(rang)設備暫(zan)時(shi)恢復(fu)正(zheng)常，這(zhe)對(dui)(dui)于解(jie)決臨時(shi)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)失為一個可取的(de)(de)辦法。為了讓(rang)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)進一步的(de)(de)得到(dao)解(jie)決，我們就可以在(zai)摩擦之后對(dui)(dui)電(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)用(yong)清(qing)(qing)洗液(ye)進行清(qing)(qing)洗，徹(che)底洗掉電(dian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)片(pian)(pian)上的(de)(de)污(wu)物(wu)，讓(rang)簧片(pian)(pian)與(yu)碳(tan)膜(mo)(mo)片(pian)(pian)接觸良好。

3、潤滑保護法

為了延長修理后的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用壽命，經(jing)常在碳(tan)膜(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)膜(mo)片上涂一(yi)點硅(gui)脂(zhi)（縫紉機油也是可以），這樣做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)好(hao)處是可以防止(zhi)產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧，由于硅(gui)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)潤滑作(zuo)用減輕了簧片與碳(tan)膜(mo)片的(de)(de)(de)摩擦，從而使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)器在調諧(xie)時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)(de)變化均衡平滑，效果良好(hao)。