一、電動推桿是干什么用的

電動推桿又名直線(xian)驅(qu)動器(qi)，主要是由電機(ji)推桿和控(kong)制(zhi)裝置(zhi)等機(ji)構(gou)組成的一(yi)種新型直線(xian)執(zhi)行機(ji)構(gou)，可以認為是旋(xuan)轉電機(ji)在結構(gou)方面的一(yi)種延(yan)伸。

電動推桿是一種將電動機的旋轉運動轉變為推桿的直線往復運動的電力驅動裝置。可用于各種簡單或復雜的工藝流程中做為執行機械使用，以實現遠距離控制、集中控制或自動控制。多用(yong)于家用(yong)電器、廚具(ju)、醫(yi)療器械(xie)、汽(qi)車等行業的(de)運動驅動單元。

二、電動推桿結構

電(dian)動推桿(gan)由驅動電(dian)機、減速齒輪(lun)、螺(luo)桿(gan)、螺(luo)母、導套、推桿(gan)、滑座、彈簧、外殼及(ji)渦輪(lun)、微動控(kong)制開關等組(zu)成(cheng)。

電動(dong)推桿(gan)是(shi)一種新型(xing)的電動(dong)執行(xing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)，電動(dong)推桿(gan)主要(yao)由電機(ji)(ji)、推桿(gan)和控(kong)制裝(zhuang)置等機(ji)(ji)構(gou)組成(cheng)的一種新型(xing)直線執行(xing)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)，可(ke)以實現遠距離控(kong)制、集中(zhong)控(kong)制。電動(dong)推桿(gan)在一定(ding)范(fan)圍行(xing)程(cheng)內作(zuo)往(wang)返運動(dong)，一般電動(dong)推桿(gan)標準行(xing)程(cheng)在，100，150，200，250，300，350，400mm，特殊(shu)行(xing)程(cheng)也可(ke)根據不同應用條(tiao)件(jian)要(yao)求設(she)計定(ding)做。

電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推桿可(ke)以(yi)根據不同(tong)的(de)應用(yong)負(fu)荷而設計不同(tong)推力(li)的(de)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推桿，一般其最大(da)推力(li)可(ke)達6000N，空(kong)載(zai)運(yun)行(xing)速(su)度為4mm~35mm/s，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推桿以(yi)24V/12V直流永磁(ci)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)為動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)源，把電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)旋轉運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉化(hua)為直線(xian)往復運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一組連(lian)桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)來完成風門(men)、閥門(men)、閘(zha)門(men)、擋板(ban)等(deng)切換工(gong)作(zuo)。采用(yong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推桿作(zuo)為執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)不僅(jin)可(ke)減(jian)少采用(yong)氣動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)所(suo)需的(de)氣源裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置和(he)輔助設備，也可(ke)減(jian)少執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)重量(liang)。氣動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)在(zai)整個控(kong)制運(yun)行(xing)過程中都需要有一定(ding)的(de)氣壓，雖然可(ke)采用(yong)消耗量(liang)小的(de)放(fang)大(da)器等(deng)，但日積月累，耗氣量(liang)仍是巨大(da)的(de)。采用(yong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推桿執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)，在(zai)改變(bian)控(kong)制開(kai)度時(shi)，需要供(gong)電(dian)，在(zai)達到所(suo)需開(kai)度時(shi)就可(ke)不再供(gong)電(dian)，因此(ci)從節能(neng)看，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推桿執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)比氣動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)有明顯節能(neng)優點。適(shi)用(yong)于遠距離操(cao)縱(zong)而廣(guang)泛用(yong)于電(dian)力(li)、化(hua)工(gong)、冶金、礦(kuang)山、輕工(gong)、交通、船舶等(deng)部(bu)門(men)的(de)風門(men)、閥門(men)、閘(zha)門(men)等(deng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)啟閉、物料裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卸(xie)、流量(liang)控(kong)制等(deng)。現已被(bei)越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)部(bu)門(men)用(yong)它來代替機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)手(shou)、液壓閥、減(jian)速(su)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置。

三、電動推桿工作原理

電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機經齒輪或蝸(gua)輪蝸(gua)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)減速后，帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)一對絲桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)螺母(mu)。把(ba)電(dian)機的旋轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)變(bian)成直線運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，利(li)用電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機正反轉(zhuan)完成推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。如通過各(ge)種杠桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)、搖(yao)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)或連桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)等(deng)機構可完成轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、搖(yao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)復雜動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)。通過改變(bian)杠桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)力臂長度，可以增大或減小行程。

行程控制裝置：

1、蝸(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)桿傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)形式：電(dian)機齒(chi)輪(lun)上的蝸(gua)桿帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)蝸(gua)輪(lun)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，使(shi)蝸(gua)輪(lun)內(nei)的小(xiao)絲(si)桿作(zuo)軸(zhou)向(xiang)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，由連(lian)接板帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)限位桿相應作(zuo)軸(zhou)向(xiang)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，至所需行(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)時，通過調節限位塊(kuai)壓(ya)下(xia)行(xing)(xing)程(cheng)(cheng)開(kai)關斷電(dian)，電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機停止運轉（正反控制相同(tong)）。

2、齒輪傳動形(xing)式：電機通(tong)過減速齒輪后帶(dai)動安裝于內管的小(xiao)絲桿，帶(dai)動與之連(lian)接一起的做軸向運(yun)(yun)行螺母，至(zhi)所設(she)定的行程時螺母觸角壓住(zhu)限(xian)位開(kai)關斷(duan)開(kai)電源，電機停止運(yun)(yun)動（反向與之相同）。

可選配電(dian)位器，用以(yi)顯示推桿(gan)運行的行程狀態，還可加(jia)配編碼器，來實現分幾步走完整個行程（即(ji)走走停(ting)停(ting)）。