一、電動叉車用的是什么電池

電動叉車是指以電來進行作業的叉車，根據使用的電池不同可分為不同類型，一般電動叉車使用的電池有三種：

1、鉛酸電池

鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動叉(cha)車(che)最(zui)傳統且常用(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)類型之(zhi)一(yi)，它(ta)采用(yong)鉛板(ban)和硫(liu)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液，具有較低(di)的(de)能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)度(du)和比能(neng)量(liang)，但(dan)相對較低(di)的(de)成(cheng)本。鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)優(you)點是成(cheng)熟、穩(wen)定，使用(yong)壽(shou)命長，同時可以循(xun)環充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)多次。然(ran)而，鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)存在重量(liang)大、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)長、自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)快等缺(que)點，影(ying)響(xiang)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動叉(cha)車(che)的(de)使用(yong)效(xiao)率和續航能(neng)力。

2、鋰電池

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)作為新興(xing)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)技術，逐漸在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉(cha)車(che)領域嶄(zhan)露頭角。鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)具有(you)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)能量密度(du)和(he)比能量，相對于鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)而言，具有(you)更輕(qing)的(de)(de)重量和(he)更長的(de)(de)使用時間(jian)。同(tong)時，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)還具有(you)無記憶(yi)效應、快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等優點(dian)，可以有(you)效提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)叉(cha)車(che)的(de)(de)工作效率。然而，鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)價格相對較(jiao)高，使用過(guo)(guo)程中需要注(zhu)意防止過(guo)(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)過(guo)(guo)度(du)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以避(bi)免安全事(shi)故發生。

3、燃料電池

燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池也是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)叉(cha)車中的(de)新(xin)興動(dong)(dong)力源。燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池利用(yong)氫氣和(he)(he)氧氣反應產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，無需(xu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，只需(xu)添加燃(ran)料(liao)即可。燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池具有(you)快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、零排放等優點，能(neng)夠滿足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)叉(cha)車在長時間工(gong)作(zuo)和(he)(he)高強度(du)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)需(xu)求。然(ran)而(er)，燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池技術目前還不夠成(cheng)熟，相關設(she)備和(he)(he)燃(ran)料(liao)供應鏈的(de)建設(she)也存(cun)在一(yi)定難度(du)和(he)(he)成(cheng)本。

二、鋰電池叉車比鉛酸電池叉車的優勢在哪

鋰(li)電池和鉛酸電池是電動叉車(che)使用(yong)比較多的兩種(zhong)電池，鋰(li)電池叉車(che)和鉛酸電池叉車(che)對比起來，主(zhu)要(yao)優勢在于以下(xia)幾個(ge)方面：

1、充電速度快

鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池依靠自身的化學特性，滿足(zu)更快的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)速度要求(qiu)，從10%~100%充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時長只需2h。而(er)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池從20%~100%充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時長需要8-10h。

2、充電無記憶

鋰電池叉車的(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)無記憶特性使得(de)電(dian)(dian)池能夠進(jin)行隨(sui)機、間(jian)歇(xie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，而(er)不影響(xiang)壽(shou)命，使用者(zhe)可以高(gao)效的(de)利用工(gong)(gong)歇(xie)和休息時間(jian)進(jin)行電(dian)(dian)量補充(chong)(chong)，方便(bian)使用者(zhe)進(jin)行工(gong)(gong)作統(tong)籌。鉛酸電(dian)(dian)池有充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)記憶，如進(jin)行隨(sui)機或間(jian)歇(xie)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，嚴重損害電(dian)(dian)池，縮短電(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命，因此(ci)一般需要20%-100%滿充(chong)(chong)滿放，定期進(jin)行均衡(heng)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

3、使用壽命長

鉛酸(suan)(suan)電池(chi)平均(jun)1200次(ci)（作(zuo)業時長約6000h）的循(xun)環壽命(ming)，磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)鐵鋰電池(chi)則有(you)著4000+次(ci)（作(zuo)業時長約24000h）循(xun)環壽命(ming)。在(zai)實際使(shi)用中，磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)鐵鋰電池(chi)使(shi)用4000+次(ci)后(hou)仍(reng)擁有(you)65%以上容(rong)量(liang)，而鉛酸(suan)(suan)電池(chi)使(shi)用1200次(ci)后(hou)容(rong)量(liang)不足(zu)50%。

4、放電溫度區間廣

在-20度到60度之間的(de)高溫(wen)或低溫(wen)狀態(tai)下(xia)，鋰(li)電池都具(ju)備良(liang)好的(de)放電性能，在-20度的(de)情況下(xia)，鋰(li)電池的(de)放電效率為(wei)80%~90%，而鉛酸(suan)電池放電效率不(bu)足30%。