變壓器的原理
變(bian)(bian)壓器的(de)(de)(de)(de)原理(li)并不復雜,它(ta)利用了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感應原理(li)。當其中(zhong)一塊(kuai)(kuai)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體有(you)一些不定量的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通(tong)過,便會(hui)產生(sheng)變(bian)(bian)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)場。根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)互感原理(li),這變(bian)(bian)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)場會(hui)使(shi)第(di)二塊(kuai)(kuai)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)差。假如第(di)二塊(kuai)(kuai)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體是(shi)一條閉(bi)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一部份,那么該閉(bi)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)便會(hui)產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力于(yu)是(shi)得(de)以傳送(song)。在(zai)通(tong)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)壓器中(zhong),有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體是(shi)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)組成線(xian)(xian)圈(quan),因為線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)所產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)場要比一條筆直的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)大得(de)多。當初(chu)級(ji)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)中(zhong)通(tong)有(you)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時,鐵芯中(zhong)便產生(sheng)交流(liu)磁(ci)通(tong),使(shi)次級(ji)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)中(zhong)感應出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。初(chu)級(ji)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)、次級(ji)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓VS,VP和(he)兩者的(de)(de)(de)(de)繞線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)匝數NS,NP之(zhi)間有(you)正比的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系。
至于變壓器兩方之間的電流或電壓比例,則取決于兩方電路線圈的圈數。圈數較多的一方電壓較高但電流較小,反之亦然。如果撇除泄漏等因素,變壓器兩方的電壓比例相等于兩方的線圈圈數比例,亦即電壓與圈數成正比。因此可以減小或者增加原線圈和副線圈的匝數比,從而升高或者降低電壓,變壓器品牌產品的這個性質使它成為轉換電壓的重要設備。由于變壓器遵守這兩條定律,它不會是放大器。如果處在變壓器兩方的電壓有所不同,那么流經變壓器兩方的電流也會不同,而兩者的差距則成反比。
干式變壓器和油浸式變壓器的區別
干式變壓(ya)器(qi)能直接看(kan)到(dao)鐵芯和線圈(quan),大(da)多使用(yong)(yong)硅橡膠套管,適用(yong)(yong)于配電(dian)用(yong)(yong),容(rong)量(liang)大(da)都在(zai)1600KVA以下,電(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)10KV以下,也有(you)個別做到(dao)35KV電(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)的。油式變壓(ya)器(qi)只能看(kan)到(dao)變壓(ya)器(qi)的外殼,大(da)部分使用(yong)(yong)瓷套管,可用(yong)(yong)于高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)路,可以從小到(dao)大(da)做到(dao)全部容(rong)量(liang),電(dian)壓(ya)等(deng)級(ji)也做到(dao)了所(suo)有(you)電(dian)壓(ya)。
變壓器的等級怎么劃分
變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等級(ji)是固定(ding)的(de),常見(jian)的(de)有1000KV、750KV、500KV、330KV、220KV、110KV、66KV、35KV、20KV、10KV、6KV等等。變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)容量等級(ji)按照R10優(you)先系數來計算(suan)的(de),可(ke)分為(wei)小型變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器、中型變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器、大型變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器、特大型變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器這四個等級(ji)。