芒果视频

電磁閥行業簡介

一、什么是電磁閥

電磁閥是用電磁控制的工業設備，是用來控制流體的自動化基礎元件，屬于執行器，并不限于液壓、氣動。用在工業控制系統中調整介質的方向、流量、速度和其他的參數。品牌電磁閥可以配合不(bu)同的電路來實現預(yu)期的控(kong)制，而控(kong)制的精度和靈活性都(dou)能夠保證。

二、電磁閥工作原理

電(dian)磁閥里有密閉(bi)的腔，在不(bu)同(tong)位置(zhi)開(kai)(kai)有通(tong)孔，每個孔連接(jie)不(bu)同(tong)的油(you)(you)管，腔中間是活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)，兩面(mian)是兩塊(kuai)電(dian)磁鐵，哪面(mian)的磁鐵線圈通(tong)電(dian)閥體(ti)就(jiu)會被吸引(yin)到哪邊，通(tong)過控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)閥體(ti)的移動(dong)來(lai)開(kai)(kai)啟或關閉(bi)不(bu)同(tong)的排油(you)(you)孔，而進(jin)油(you)(you)孔是常開(kai)(kai)的，液壓油(you)(you)就(jiu)會進(jin)入不(bu)同(tong)的排油(you)(you)管，然后通(tong)過油(you)(you)的壓力來(lai)推動(dong)油(you)(you)缸的活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)，活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)又帶動(dong)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)桿，活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)桿帶動(dong)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)裝置(zhi)。這樣通(tong)過控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)磁鐵的電(dian)流(liu)通(tong)斷就(jiu)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)了機(ji)(ji)械(xie)運動(dong)。

三、電磁閥有幾種類型

1、電磁閥從原理上分為三大類：

（1）直動式電磁閥

原理：通電(dian)時，電(dian)磁(ci)線圈產生(sheng)電(dian)磁(ci)力把(ba)關(guan)閉件(jian)從閥(fa)座上提起，閥(fa)門(men)打開；斷電(dian)時，電(dian)磁(ci)力消失，彈簧把(ba)關(guan)閉件(jian)壓在(zai)閥(fa)座上，閥(fa)門(men)關(guan)閉。

特點：在真空(kong)、負壓、零(ling)壓時能正常工作(zuo)，但通徑一般不(bu)超過(guo)25mm。

（2）分步直動式電磁閥

原(yuan)理：它是一種直(zhi)動(dong)(dong)和先導式(shi)相結合的原(yuan)理，當(dang)入口(kou)(kou)與(yu)出口(kou)(kou)沒(mei)有壓(ya)(ya)(ya)差(cha)時(shi)，通電(dian)后，電(dian)磁力(li)(li)直(zhi)接把(ba)先導小(xiao)閥(fa)和主閥(fa)關(guan)閉件(jian)依次向上(shang)提起(qi)，閥(fa)門(men)打開。當(dang)入口(kou)(kou)與(yu)出口(kou)(kou)達到啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)差(cha)時(shi)，通電(dian)后，電(dian)磁力(li)(li)先導小(xiao)閥(fa)，主閥(fa)下(xia)腔壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)上(shang)升，上(shang)腔壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)下(xia)降，從(cong)而(er)利用壓(ya)(ya)(ya)差(cha)把(ba)主閥(fa)向上(shang)推開；斷電(dian)時(shi)，先導閥(fa)利用彈簧力(li)(li)或介質(zhi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)推動(dong)(dong)關(guan)閉件(jian)，向下(xia)移動(dong)(dong)，使閥(fa)門(men)關(guan)閉。

特點：在(zai)零壓(ya)(ya)差(cha)或真空、高壓(ya)(ya)時亦能可動作，但功率較大，要求必須水平安裝。

（3）先導式電磁閥

原理(li)：通(tong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，電(dian)(dian)磁力(li)(li)(li)把先(xian)導孔打(da)開，上(shang)腔室壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)迅速下(xia)(xia)降，在關 閉件周圍形(xing)成(cheng)上(shang)低下(xia)(xia)高的壓(ya)差(cha)，流體壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)推動(dong)關閉件向上(shang)移(yi)動(dong)，閥門打(da)開；斷電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)，彈簧力(li)(li)(li)把先(xian)導孔關閉，入口壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)通(tong)過旁通(tong)孔迅速腔室在關閥件周圍形(xing)成(cheng)下(xia)(xia)低上(shang)高的壓(ya)差(cha)，流體壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)推動(dong)關閉件向下(xia)(xia)移(yi)動(dong)，關閉閥門。

特點：流(liu)體(ti)壓(ya)力范圍上(shang)限較高，可任意安裝（需定制）但必(bi)須(xu)滿(man)足流(liu)體(ti)壓(ya)差(cha)條件。

2、電磁閥從閥結構和材料上的不同與原理上的區別，分為六個分支小類：直動(dong)膜(mo)(mo)片(pian)結(jie)構(gou)、分(fen)步直動(dong)膜(mo)(mo)片(pian)結(jie)構(gou)、先導(dao)膜(mo)(mo)片(pian)結(jie)構(gou)、直動(dong)活塞(sai)結(jie)構(gou)、分(fen)步直動(dong)活塞(sai)結(jie)構(gou)、先導(dao)活塞(sai)結(jie)構(gou)。

3、電磁閥按照功能分類：水用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、蒸汽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、制冷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、低溫(wen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、燃氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、消防電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、氨(an)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、氣體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、液體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、微型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、脈沖(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、液壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、常(chang)開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、油用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)、防爆電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)等(deng)。