芒果视频

一、什么是電磁閥

電磁閥是用電磁控制的工業設備，是用來控制流體的自動化基礎元件，屬于執行器，并不限于液壓、氣動。用在工業控制系統中調整介質的方向、流量、速度和其他的參數。品牌電磁閥可(ke)以配合不同的電路來實現預期的控制(zhi)，而控制(zhi)的精(jing)度和靈活性都(dou)能夠保(bao)證。

二、電磁閥工作原理

電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥里有密(mi)閉的(de)(de)腔，在不(bu)同(tong)(tong)位置(zhi)開有通(tong)孔，每個孔連(lian)接不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)管，腔中間是活(huo)塞(sai)，兩(liang)面(mian)是兩(liang)塊(kuai)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵，哪面(mian)的(de)(de)磁(ci)鐵線圈(quan)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)閥體(ti)就(jiu)(jiu)會被吸引到哪邊(bian)，通(tong)過控制閥體(ti)的(de)(de)移動(dong)(dong)來開啟或關閉不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)排油(you)(you)(you)孔，而進油(you)(you)(you)孔是常開的(de)(de)，液壓(ya)油(you)(you)(you)就(jiu)(jiu)會進入不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)排油(you)(you)(you)管，然后(hou)通(tong)過油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)來推動(dong)(dong)油(you)(you)(you)缸的(de)(de)活(huo)塞(sai)，活(huo)塞(sai)又(you)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)活(huo)塞(sai)桿(gan)，活(huo)塞(sai)桿(gan)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)機械(xie)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。這樣通(tong)過控制電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)通(tong)斷就(jiu)(jiu)控制了機械(xie)運動(dong)(dong)。

三、電磁閥有幾種類型

1、電磁閥從原理上分為三大類：

（1）直動式電磁閥

原理：通電(dian)(dian)時，電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)線(xian)圈產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)力(li)把關閉(bi)件(jian)(jian)從閥座上提(ti)起，閥門(men)打開；斷電(dian)(dian)時，電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)力(li)消失，彈簧把關閉(bi)件(jian)(jian)壓在閥座上，閥門(men)關閉(bi)。

特點(dian)：在(zai)真空、負壓、零壓時能正常工作，但通徑一般不超過25mm。

（2）分步直動式電磁閥

原理(li)：它是一種直動(dong)和先導式相結合(he)的(de)原理(li)，當入口與(yu)出(chu)口沒有壓(ya)(ya)差(cha)時，通(tong)電(dian)后(hou)，電(dian)磁力(li)直接把(ba)(ba)先導小閥(fa)(fa)和主(zhu)閥(fa)(fa)關閉(bi)件依(yi)次向(xiang)上(shang)提(ti)起，閥(fa)(fa)門打開。當入口與(yu)出(chu)口達到啟動(dong)壓(ya)(ya)差(cha)時，通(tong)電(dian)后(hou)，電(dian)磁力(li)先導小閥(fa)(fa)，主(zhu)閥(fa)(fa)下腔(qiang)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)上(shang)升，上(shang)腔(qiang)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)下降，從(cong)而利(li)用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)差(cha)把(ba)(ba)主(zhu)閥(fa)(fa)向(xiang)上(shang)推(tui)(tui)開；斷電(dian)時，先導閥(fa)(fa)利(li)用(yong)彈簧力(li)或介質壓(ya)(ya)力(li)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)關閉(bi)件，向(xiang)下移動(dong)，使(shi)閥(fa)(fa)門關閉(bi)。

特點：在(zai)零壓差或真空、高壓時亦能(neng)可動作，但功率較大(da)，要求(qiu)必須水(shui)平安裝。

（3）先導式電磁閥

原(yuan)理(li)：通(tong)電(dian)時，電(dian)磁力(li)把先導(dao)孔打開，上腔室壓(ya)力(li)迅速下降(jiang)，在關(guan) 閉(bi)件周圍形成上低(di)(di)下高的壓(ya)差，流體壓(ya)力(li)推動(dong)(dong)關(guan)閉(bi)件向上移動(dong)(dong)，閥(fa)門(men)打開；斷電(dian)時，彈(dan)簧力(li)把先導(dao)孔關(guan)閉(bi)，入口(kou)壓(ya)力(li)通(tong)過旁通(tong)孔迅速腔室在關(guan)閥(fa)件周圍形成下低(di)(di)上高的壓(ya)差，流體壓(ya)力(li)推動(dong)(dong)關(guan)閉(bi)件向下移動(dong)(dong)，關(guan)閉(bi)閥(fa)門(men)。

特點：流體壓力范圍上限較高，可任意安裝（需定制(zhi)）但必須滿(man)足流體壓差條(tiao)件(jian)。

2、電磁閥從閥結構和材料上的不同與原理上的區別，分為六個分支小類：直動(dong)膜(mo)片結(jie)構(gou)、分步直動(dong)膜(mo)片結(jie)構(gou)、先(xian)導膜(mo)片結(jie)構(gou)、直動(dong)活(huo)塞(sai)結(jie)構(gou)、分步直動(dong)活(huo)塞(sai)結(jie)構(gou)、先(xian)導活(huo)塞(sai)結(jie)構(gou)。

3、電磁閥按照功能分類：水(shui)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、蒸(zheng)汽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、制冷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、低溫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、燃氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、消防電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、氨用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、氣(qi)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、液體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、微型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、脈沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、液壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、常開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、油用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)、防爆電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)等(deng)。