開關電源是利用現代電力(li)電子技術,控制開(kai)關(guan)管開(kai)通和(he)(he)關斷(duan)的(de)時間比率,維持穩定輸出電(dian)壓的(de)一種電(dian)源,開(kai)關電(dian)源一般(ban)由脈沖寬度調制(zhi)(zhi)(PWM)控制(zhi)(zhi)IC和(he)(he)MOSFET構成(cheng)。隨著電(dian)力電(dian)子技術的(de)發(fa)展和(he)(he)創新,使得開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源技術也在不(bu)(bu)斷地創新。目前,開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源以(yi)小(xiao)型(xing)、輕量和高效率的特點(dian)被廣泛(fan)應用(yong)幾乎所有(you)的電(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備,是當今電(dian)(dian)子(zi)信息產業飛速發展(zhan)不(bu)(bu)可缺少的一種電(dian)源(yuan)方式。人們在開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)技(ji)術領(ling)域是邊(bian)開(kai)發相關(guan)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)子器件,邊(bian)開(kai)發開(kai)關(guan)變頻技(ji)術,兩(liang)者相互促進推動(dong)著開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)源(yuan)每(mei)年以超過兩(liang)位數(shu)字的增長率向著輕、小、薄、低噪(zao)聲(sheng)、高可靠、抗(kang)干擾的方向發展。開關電源可分為AC/DC和DC/DC兩大(da)類。
一般情(qing)況(kuang)下,保險絲(si)熔斷(duan)說明(ming)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)內(nei)部線路有問題。由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)工作在(zai)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)狀態下,電(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)波(bo)動、浪涌(yong)都會引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)內(nei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流瞬間增大而使(shi)保(bao)險絲熔斷(duan)。重點應(ying)檢(jian)查電(dian)(dian)源輸入端的(de)整流二極管,高(gao)壓濾波電(dian)(dian)解電(dian)(dian)容,逆變(bian)功率開關管等,檢(jian)查一下(xia)這此元器件(jian)有無(wu)擊穿、開路、損壞等。如果確實是(shi)保險絲熔斷,應(ying)該首(shou)先查看電路板上的各個(ge)元(yuan)件(jian),看這些元(yuan)件(jian)的外表有(you)(you)沒有(you)(you)被燒糊,有(you)(you)沒有(you)(you)電解(jie)液溢(yi)出(chu),如果(guo)沒有(you)(you)發(fa)現(xian)上述情況,則(ze)用(yong)萬(wan)用(yong)表測(ce)量開(kai)關管有(you)(you)無擊穿(chuan)短(duan)路。需(xu)要特別注(zhu)意的(de)是:切不可在(zai)查出某元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)損壞時,更(geng)換后直(zhi)接開機(ji),這樣(yang)很(hen)有(you)可能由于(yu)其它高壓元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)仍有(you)故障又將更(geng)換的(de)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)損壞,一(yi)定(ding)要對上述電路(lu)的(de)所有(you)高壓元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進行全(quan)面檢查測量(liang)后,才能徹(che)底排除保險絲熔斷的(de)故(gu)障(zhang)。