介紹
圖旦(dan)(dan)達(da)杰(文昌廟)民(min)(min)俗文化景區(qu)地(di)理位置,圖旦(dan)(dan)達(da)杰民(min)(min)俗文化景區(qu)座落在(zai)(zai)縣城(cheng)的西面三(san)公里(li)處(chu),遠離縣城(cheng)繁華(hua)區(qu),環(huan)境(jing)優(you)雅,安祥寧靜,祥云繚繞,香(xiang)煙濃(nong)濃(nong),是隨喜者(zhe)和(he)香(xiang)客的最(zui)佳祈禱所(suo)。在(zai)(zai)此寶(bao)地(di)處(chu),曾在(zai)(zai)蓮花生(sheng)大師薩迦(jia)班支(zhi)達(da)、三(san)、五(wu)世(shi)(shi)達(da)賴,瑪爾巴譯(yi)師,夏尕巴大師,三(san)世(shi)(shi)阿澆倉等(deng)大德成(cheng)就者(zhe)親舉玉趾,加持寶(bao)地(di)。解(jie)放后,又大成(cheng)就者(zhe),拉茂雍增仁寶(bao)切親臨,現在(zai)(zai)的時輪寶(bao)塔處(chu),宣讀(du)佛法(fa),解(jie)脫(tuo)蕓蕓,沐浴清化。在(zai)(zai)我(wo)寶(bao)剎中(zhong)尚有三(san)世(shi)(shi)阿繞活佛五(wu)佛冠(guan)及自顯玉龍石。
文昌帝君
文(wen)昌封(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)帝(di)君,并(bing)(bing)且又(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)梓(zi)(zi)潼帝(di)君,當是元(yuan)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)時(shi)之(zhi)事(shi)。元(yuan)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)延佑(you)三(san)年(1 3 1 6年)封(feng)(feng)(feng)梓(zi)(zi)潼神(shen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“輔無(wu)開(kai)化(hua)文(wen)昌司(si)祿宏仁(ren)帝(di)君”。梓(zi)(zi)潼神(shen)與(yu)文(wen)昌神(shen)合為(wei)(wei)(wei)一神(shen)。《明史》的《禮(li)志》稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),“梓(zi)(zi)潼帝(di)君,姓張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),名亞(ya)子(zi),居蜀(shu)七(qi)(qi)曲山(shan),仕晉(jin)戰歿,人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)立廟祀(si)之(zhi)”。張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)即(ji)蜀(shu)人(ren)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu),東晉(jin)寧康二年(3 7 4年)自稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蜀(shu)王(wang)(wang),起(qi)義(yi)抗(kang)擊前秦(qin)蔡(cai)苻堅時(shi)戰死。后人(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀念張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu),即(ji)于(yu)梓(zi)(zi)潼七(qi)(qi)曲山(shan)建祠(ci)(ci),尊奉其為(wei)(wei)(wei)雷澤(ze)龍(long)王(wang)(wang)。后張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)祠(ci)(ci)與(yu)同山(shan)之(zhi)梓(zi)(zi)潼神(shen)亞(ya)子(zi)祠(ci)(ci)合稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)即(ji)傳稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)。唐玄宗(zong)(zong)入(ru)蜀(shu)時(shi),途經(jing)七(qi)(qi)曲山(shan),有感于(yu)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)英(ying)烈(lie)(lie),遂追(zhui)封(feng)(feng)(feng)其為(wei)(wei)(wei)左丞(cheng)相(xiang),并(bing)(bing)重加祭祀(si)。唐僖(xi)宗(zong)(zong)避亂入(ru)蜀(shu)時(shi),經(jing)七(qi)(qi)曲山(shan)又(you)親祀(si)梓(zi)(zi)潼神(shen),封(feng)(feng)(feng)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)濟順王(wang)(wang),并(bing)(bing)新解佩(pei)劍獻神(shen)。宋朝帝(di)王(wang)(wang)多有敕(chi)(chi)封(feng)(feng)(feng),如宋真宗(zong)(zong)封(feng)(feng)(feng)亞(ya)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)英(ying)顯(xian)武(wu)烈(lie)(lie)王(wang)(wang),宋光(guang)宗(zong)(zong)時(shi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)忠(zhong)文(wen)仁(ren)武(wu)孝德(de)圣烈(lie)(lie)王(wang)(wang),宋理(li)宗(zong)(zong)時(shi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)神(shen)文(wen)圣武(wu)孝德(de)忠(zhong)仁(ren)王(wang)(wang)。元(yuan)仁(ren)宗(zong)(zong)延佑(you)三(san)年(1 3 1 6年)敕(chi)(chi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鋪元(yuan)開(kai)化(hua)文(wen)昌司(si)祿宏仁(ren)帝(di)君。于(yu)是梓(zi)(zi)潼神(shen)張(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)遂被稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)昌帝(di)君。
忠主孝親文昌(chang)帝君(jun)除有(you)抗擊戰(zhan)死、忠主之(zhi)功績外,《梓(zi)潼(tong)帝君(jun)化(hua)書(shu)(shu)》稱,張亞子(zi)“生(sheng)及冠(guan),母病疽重,乃(nai)為吮之(zhi),并(bing)于中夜自(zi)(zi)割股肉烹而供,母病遂愈。后值瘟疫流行,夢神授(shou)以《大洞仙經》并(bing)法篆、謂可治(zhi)邪社瘟,行之(zhi)果(guo)驗”。因(yin)此,文昌(chang)帝君(jun)也是慈祥孝親的(de)楷模。成書(shu)(shu)于宋元時的(de)《文昌(chang)帝君(jun)陰騭(zhi)文》列舉古(gu)代士人行善得福的(de)事例,說(shuo)明(ming)善有(you)善報(bao)、惡(e)有(you)惡(e)報(bao),“近報(bao)則在自(zi)(zi)己,遠報(bao)則在兒(er)孫”的(de)因(yin)果(guo)報(bao)應,勸人行善積(ji)德。
《文昌(chang)帝(di)(di)君陰騭(zhi)文》稱,文昌(chang)帝(di)(di)君曾七(qi)十三次(ci)化生人間(jian)(jian),世為士(shi)大(da)夫,為官清廉,從(cong)未酷民(min)性(xing)烈,同科(ke)霜白日之不可(ke)侵犯。“濟(ji)人之難,救人之急,憫人之孤,容人之過,廣行陰騭(zhi),上(shang)格蒼穹”。因此,天帝(di)(di)命文昌(chang)帝(di)(di)君掌天曹桂(gui)籍文昌(chang)之事。凡世間(jian)(jian)之鄉舉里選(xuan),大(da)此制科(ke),大(da)此制科(ke),服色祿(lu)秩,封贈奏子,乃至二府進退等等,都歸(gui)文昌(chang)黨群管(guan)理。