浙江(jiang)衢州孔氏(shi)(shi)南宗家(jia)(jia)廟(miao)(miao)坐落于(yu)衢州市區府山街道新橋街,是(shi)全(quan)國(guo)重點文物(wu)保護單位。衢州孔廟(miao)(miao)是(shi)全(quan)國(guo)僅有的兩家(jia)(jia)孔氏(shi)(shi)家(jia)(jia)廟(miao)(miao)之一,素稱“南宗”。(北宗:山東曲阜)
孔(kong)(kong)子(zi),生(sheng)于公元前551年(nian),卒于公元前479年(nian),春秋時魯國人。是中國歷史(shi)上偉大(da)的(de)思(si)想(xiang)家和(he)教育家,被歷代帝(di)皇奉為(wei)圣明。據史(shi)載(zai),北宋末年(nian),宋都汴京(今河(he)南(nan)(nan)開封)陷入(ru)金兵(bing)之手。宋高(gao)宗趙構(gou)倉促南(nan)(nan)渡,孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)第(di)四十七代裔(yi)孫、衍圣公孔(kong)(kong)端友,負著孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)和(he)亓(qi)官夫(fu)人(孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)夫(fu)人)的(de)一對楷木像(xiang)(據傳為(wei)孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)學(xue)生(sheng)子(zi)貢所刻),離開山東曲(qu)阜南(nan)(nan)來,定(ding)居于衢(qu)州。宋高(gao)宗寶祐三年(nian)(公元1255年(nian)),敕建(jian)孔(kong)(kong)氏家廟,為(wei)南(nan)(nan)宗。孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)后(hou)裔(yi)子(zi)孫已在衢(qu)州度過(guo)了(le) 800 多個春秋。衢(qu)州作為(wei)孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)后(hou)裔(yi)的(de)第(di)二故鄉,向有(you)“東南(nan)(nan)闕里”之稱。
全國的“一城三(san)孔廟”所指的就是柯城。在衢(qu)(qu)州市區縣學街縣學公園內,還有一專(zhuan)門記載(zai)衢(qu)(qu)州“一城三(san)孔廟”(衢(qu)(qu)州府孔廟、西安(an)縣孔廟、南(nan)宗孔氏家(jia)廟)的“石(shi)書(shu)”。
衢州(zhou)(zhou)孔廟(miao)(miao)曾經三(san)遷三(san)建,十(shi)(shi)多次(ci)修葺。現址(zhi)的(de)孔廟(miao)(miao)為(wei)明武宗正德十(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(公元1520年)所建,位于衢州(zhou)(zhou)府(fu)城東(dong)隅,占地約(yue)20畝,基(ji)本上是(shi)按(an)照山東(dong)曲(qu)阜(fu)孔廟(miao)(miao)的(de)規模來規劃建造。建筑(zhu)占地面(mian)積約(yue)13900平方(fang)米,分為(wei)孔廟(miao)(miao)、孔府(fu)及后花園三(san)部分。
整個建筑(zhu)群坐北(bei)朝南,平面呈(cheng)縱長形(xing),以(yi)3條(tiao)軸(zhou)線布局。東(dong)軸(zhou)線上有(you)孔塾、崇圣(sheng)門(men)(men)、崇圣(sheng)祠(ci)、圣(sheng)澤樓等(deng)建筑(zhu)。中軸(zhou)線上有(you)孔廟大(da)門(men)(men)、大(da)成門(men)(men)、甬道、大(da)成殿(dian)、東(dong)西廡(wu)等(deng)建筑(zhu)。西軸(zhou)線上有(you)五支祠(ci)、襲封(feng)祠(ci)、六(liu)代公爵祠(ci)、思魯閣等(deng)建筑(zhu)。西軸(zhou)線稍西為世襲博士署(shu),即孔府奉祀(si)官府。家廟歷經(jing)各(ge)代的多次維修,但仍(reng)保留宋代的建筑(zhu)形(xing)制和規模。
廟前(qian)設有(you)“金聲(sheng)”、“玉振(zhen)(zhen)”、“欞星”、“大(da)成”四門。前(qian)左為(wei)(wei)“金聲(sheng)門”,右為(wei)(wei)“玉振(zhen)(zhen)門”,金聲(sheng)、玉振(zhen)(zhen)兩門之外,有(you)“德侔天地”、“道冠古(gu)今”兩塊(kuai)牌坊(fang)。廟門為(wei)(wei)一座單(dan)體歇(xie)山(shan)頂建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu).在石(shi)須彌(mi)座的圍(wei)墻襯托下,顯得威嚴(yan)莊(zhuang)重。廟門上方,懸掛著一塊(kuai)由(you)當(dang)代書法(fa)家(jia)沙孟(meng)海題(ti)字(zi)的“衢州孔氏家(jia)廟”額(e),字(zi)體蒼(cang)勁(jing)有(you)力。據了解,廟門是根據明代衢州孔氏家(jia)廟圖,結合清(qing)代建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)風格重新設計證(zheng)。進(jin)而(er)正(zheng)中,立石(shi)結構三拱式(shi)的“欞星門”,再進(jin)為(wei)(wei)“大(da)成門”,門之左右均(jun)為(wei)(wei)碑亭,立宋寶祐間祀部尚書、翰(han)林學士趙汝騰撰寫(xie)的創(chuang)建(jian)家(jia)廟碑等十七塊(kuai)碑石(shi),碑文均(jun)由(you)當(dang)朝政要,社(she)會(hui)名(ming)儒撰記(ji)。
進大(da)(da)成門(men)可上(shang)佾(yi)(yì古代(dai)樂舞的(de)(de)(de)行列,一(yi)行八人叫一(yi)佾(yi))臺,是祭祀孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)時歌(ge)舞的(de)(de)(de)地方一(yi)座(zuo)全部(bu)由青(qing)石鋪(pu)成的(de)(de)(de)170 個方米的(de)(de)(de)佾(yi)臺,緊(jin)接佾(yi)臺的(de)(de)(de)是孔(kong)(kong)(kong)廟的(de)(de)(de)主殿(dian)(dian)大(da)(da)成殿(dian)(dian),是廟內的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)建筑(zhu),這是一(yi)座(zuo)重檐歇山頂明代(dai)建筑(zhu),殿(dian)(dian)閣雄偉、氣勢不(bu)凡。雙重飛(fei)檐中立有(you)(you)一(yi)塊(kuai)豎(shu)匾,上(shang)書“大(da)(da)成殿(dian)(dian)”三字,檐下掛(gua)著“生民來有(you)(you)”匾額(e),為清代(dai)雍正(zheng)皇(huang)帝(di)砌(qi)筆。殿(dian)(dian)內一(yi)塊(kuai)清代(dai)康熙皇(huang)帝(di)撰寫的(de)(de)(de)“萬世(shi)師(shi)表”原(yuan)額(e),懸(xuan)掛(gua)在正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)上(shang)方。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)23米,長和寬各(ge)9米。殿(dian)(dian)內正(zheng)中是孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)座(zuo)像,兩(liang)旁侍立著其(qi)子(zi)(zi)伯魚及孫(sun)子(zi)(zi)思(si)像。橫(heng)梁(liang)上(shang)懸(xuan)有(you)(you)十余塊(kuai)歷代(dai)帝(di)皇(huang)御書匾額(e)。殿(dian)(dian)內共有(you)(you)木質(zhi)圓柱(zhu)12根。其(qi)中大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)圓柱(zhu)周長1.80米,大(da)(da)人伸展雙臂也難以抱全。殿(dian)(dian)前通道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)東(dong)西(xi)兩(liang)側(ce)各(ge)有(you)(you)九間房子(zi)(zi),叫“兩(liang)廡”,掛(gua)供奉(feng)先(xian)賢的(de)(de)(de)地方。東(dong)西(xi)兩(liang)廡祀十二哲、中興祖孔(kong)(kong)(kong)仁玉以及孔(kong)(kong)(kong)傳、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)端友。
金聲門(men)左,是家塾所在,內進為祟圣祠(ci),祠(ci)后是圣澤樓(lou)(lou)、舊稱御節樓(lou)(lou),祠(ci)前(qian)稍西為報(bao)功(gong)祠(ci),祀官紳之有功(gong)于南(nan)宗(zong)者。玉振門(men)右有五支祠(ci)、襲封祠(ci)、六(liu)代公爵(jue)祠(ci)及思魯閣等建筑。思魯閣上奉(feng)孔子及亓官夫人楷木像,像高(gao)不足(zu)兩尺。孔子長袍(pao)大袖,亓官夫人長裙垂(chui)地,形象生(sheng)動。閣下立有“先圣遺像”碑,碑高(gao)2.07米(mi),寬(kuan)0.85米(mi)。相傳為孔端友根據(ju)唐代畫家吳道子手跡(ji)摹刻(ke)的。
在(zai)家(jia)廟(miao)之西,連接世襲翰林院五經博(bo)士(shi)府(fu)(俗稱孔府(fu)或博(bo)士(shi)衙(ya)門)。博(bo)士(shi)府(fu)后進為(wei)內宅,與(yu)家(jia)廟(miao)大成殿齊平。
孔(kong)氏(shi)大(da)宗(zong),世(shi)屬(shu)鄒魯。靖康之難,大(da)宗(zong)南來,宋(song)金對峙,孔(kong)裔始分南北兩(liang)宗(zong)。
建炎二年(公元(yuan)1128年),宋高宗(zong)趙構因受(shou)金兵進犯(fan)所迫,舉朝南(nan)遷。此時在山東(dong)已被御封“衍圣公”的孔子第(di)47代嫡孫孔端(duan)友及(ji)其部(bu)分孔氏族人,也一(yi)起(qi)攜(xie)帶了(le)那對(dui)“孔家傳(chuan)世珍寶”———孔子夫婦楷木像及(ji)畫像,隨后南(nan)渡至浙江衢(qu)州(zhou)落腳(jiao)。次年,高宗(zong)又(you)御準孔端(duan)友等(deng)在衢(qu)州(zhou)興建孔府孔廟,在此生(sheng)息。而未隨駕南(nan)遷的,則仍留在山東(dong)曲阜。至此孔氏后裔,便形成了(le)南(nan)北二宗(zong)。
紹(shao)興二年(nian),孔玠襲封為衍圣(sheng)公,暫時留居在(zai)衢(qu)州(zhou)的孔子世(shi)家決定(ding)定(ding)居在(zai)衢(qu)州(zhou),多(duo)次(ci)請求在(zai)衢(qu)州(zhou)建立家廟,到紹(shao)興六年(nian)宋高宗(zong)趙構“詔權(衢(qu)州(zhou))州(zhou)學為家廟”。從(cong)此,孔氏宗(zong)子就在(zai)衢(qu)州(zhou)生(sheng)息。
起初(chu),家廟“時尚草創(chuang),即庠為家廟,酌田(tian)供禮(li),未有定數(shu)”。后宋高宗頒賜銅印,賜田(tian)五頃,以(yi)供族人祀(si)祭,孔氏南遷者才(cai)逐漸安定下來。從宋高宗以(yi)后的四代皇帝,都尊重宋高宗旨意。
南宋王朝末期,形勢發(fa)生(sheng)根本變化,宋理宗(zong)端平元年(nian)(公元1234年(nian)),蒙(meng)(meng)(meng)古滅了金(jin)王朝。按照蒙(meng)(meng)(meng)古與(yu)南宋訂立的協議,滅金(jin)之后,南宋王朝可(ke)收復失地,回汴京(jing)。然而(er),蒙(meng)(meng)(meng)古卻違約。南宋不(bu)僅沒有收復中(zhong)原,反而(er)失去更(geng)多(duo)的疆土。在衢(qu)州(zhou)定居的孔子世(shi)家(jia),再也不(bu)可(ke)能回到山東(dong)去。宋理宗(zong)于(yu)寶祐元年(nian)(1253年(nian)),以現實的態度,準衢(qu)州(zhou)知州(zhou)孫子秀之請,在衢(qu)州(zhou)為孔子世(shi)家(jia),興建(jian)家(jia)廟(miao)。
宋理(li)宗(zong)寶祐(you)元年(公元1243年)準許衢州(zhou)知州(zhou)孫子秀之請,撥款三(san)十六萬緡,興建(jian)了一座孔氏(shi)(shi)(shi)衢州(zhou)家(jia)(jia)廟(miao),以(yi)衢州(zhou)州(zhou)學權代孔氏(shi)(shi)(shi)衢州(zhou)家(jia)(jia)廟(miao)的局面,才告結束。州(zhou)官(guan)孫子秀也因建(jian)孔氏(shi)(shi)(shi)衢州(zhou)家(jia)(jia)廟(miao),而(er)升為太常丞。
元(yuan)朝建立,孔氏五(wu)十二(er)代(dai)孫時,元(yuan)世祖欲統(tong)一孔氏二(er)宗(zong)(zong),讓(rang)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)仍回歸山東。而(er)(er)(er)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)五(wu)十二(er)代(dai)孫卻(que)申(shen)奏(zou)朝廷,意謂已(yi)有(you)五(wu)代(dai)祖先在衢(qu),舍之(zhi)(zhi)不忍,并愿將世襲之(zhi)(zhi)“衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公”封號(hao)(hao)讓(rang)于北(bei)(bei)(bei)宗(zong)(zong)孔氏族弟承襲。元(yuan)世祖聞之(zhi)(zhi)贊曰:“寧違榮而(er)(er)(er)不違親,真圣(sheng)(sheng)人之(zhi)(zhi)后也(ye)”,遂準(zhun)其奏(zou)。自此,南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)失其爵位,社會地(di)(di)位日衰,曾一度(du)淪為平民(min),直(zhi)至五(wu)十八代(dai)孫時,才又被朝廷冊封為“五(wu)經(jing)博(bo)士”爵號(hao)(hao),子孫世襲。然(ran)而(er)(er)(er),因其衰落了幾個朝代(dai),加之(zhi)(zhi)衢(qu)州地(di)(di)處(chu)浙南(nan)(nan),乃歷代(dai)兵(bing)家(jia)爭奪要地(di)(di),南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)孔廟屢遭浩(hao)劫,遠(yuan)不如北(bei)(bei)(bei)宗(zong)(zong)山東曲阜孔府孔廟保存(cun)完好。故至今只以(yi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)宗(zong)(zong)曲阜的(de)孔氏家(jia)族為正宗(zong)(zong)。
南宋和(he)金(jin)的(de)割據和(he)對峙,導致中國的(de)分裂,也使得孔子(zi)裔孫南北隔離(li)。這種同時(shi)并存兩個宗(zong)子(zi)、兩個衍圣公(gong)的(de)分裂局(ju)面,長達(da)150多(duo)年,但是積淀在中華民(min)族深層的(de)“大中華”“大一統”的(de)思想(xiang),必然會(hui)促使分裂的(de)中國,重新歸(gui)于(yu)統一。
元(yuan)(yuan)世祖完成統(tong)一大(da)業之(zhi)后,發現(xian)了關于(yu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)世家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)個情況:其(qi)一,東平宣(xuan)撫使姚樞起奏曰:“太宗世,詔(zhao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)五十(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)孫孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)元(yuan)(yuan)措壟衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)卒,其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與族(zu)人(ren)爭襲爵(jue)(jue)”;其(qi)二,至元(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)(shi)三年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1276年(nian))六月(yue),元(yuan)(yuan)兵攻下(xia)衢(qu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)時,發現(xian)衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)五十(shi)(shi)二世孫孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)仍然健在。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了維護(hu)中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)禮儀(yi)和傳統(tong),為(wei)(wei)(wei)了“大(da)一統(tong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)帝國昌盛(sheng),經(jing)過(guo)數年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)調查和思考,元(yuan)(yuan)世祖明確了“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)后,自宋南(nan)渡初,孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第四十(shi)(shi)七世孫孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)端操第四子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)玠寓衢(qu)。……孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氏子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孫寓衢(qu)者乃其(qi)宗子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。”至元(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1282年(nian))十(shi)(shi)一月(yue),元(yuan)(yuan)世祖為(wei)(wei)(wei)統(tong)一孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)世家(jia)(jia),下(xia)詔(zhao)“江(jiang)南(nan)衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)入覲,命歸(gui)曲(qu)阜襲封(feng)。”這項決定符合中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)封(feng)建宗法制(zhi)度,有(you)利于(yu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)裔分離歸(gui)于(yu)統(tong)一。但是,在榮(rong)譽和利祿到(dao)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時刻,江(jiang)南(nan)衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)卻懷著(zhu)仁義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信念(nian),以衢(qu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)有(you)家(jia)(jia)廟,有(you)五代(dai)(dai)先祖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陵(ling)墓以及年(nian)邁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)老(lao)母為(wei)(wei)(wei)由,請(qing)求朝(chao)廷讓他回歸(gui)衢(qu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),率已(yi)經(jing)南(nan)遷在江(jiang)南(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眾多族(zu)人(ren),繼續在衢(qu)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)奉(feng)祀孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)等(deng)列祖列宗,懇請(qing)皇上將衍圣(sheng)(sheng)公(gong)爵(jue)(jue)位賜予曲(qu)阜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)族(zu)弟(di)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)治。元(yuan)(yuan)世祖同意了孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)請(qing)求,封(feng)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“國子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)祭酒兼提舉浙江(jiang)學(xue)校(xiao)事”,并且給他“護(hu)持陵(ling)廟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)璽書”,對孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)洙(zhu)讓爵(jue)(jue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)尚品格,元(yuan)(yuan)世祖十(shi)(shi)分感慨地贊頌說:“寧違(wei)榮(rong)而不(bu)違(wei)親,真圣(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)后也!”
元世祖的(de)(de)(de)決策,造成了(le)南遷的(de)(de)(de)孔子后裔具有(you)兩(liang)(liang)重身份:一(yi)是(shi)仍然(ran)和(he)過去一(yi)樣,具有(you)一(yi)整套的(de)(de)(de)宗族組織(zhi)系(xi)統,讓了(le)爵位的(de)(de)(de)孔洙及其(qi)嫡長(chang)子孫,持(chi)有(you)元世祖簽發的(de)(de)(de)“護持(chi)陵廟的(de)(de)(de)璽書”,仍然(ran)是(shi)這個特殊(shu)人群的(de)(de)(de)首領。這個特殊(shu)人群,仍然(ran)以衢(qu)州(zhou)家(jia)(jia)廟為祭祀場所,進行著正常的(de)(de)(de)禮儀活動。因此(ci),南北兩(liang)(liang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)孔子后裔,雖然(ran)在元世祖的(de)(de)(de)促(cu)使下互相認同了(le),但是(shi)孔子世家(jia)(jia)在實質上,仍然(ran)分(fen)為兩(liang)(liang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen),一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)在曲阜(fu),一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)在衢(qu)州(zhou)。
從孔洙讓爵(jue)之后,南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)正(zheng)統(tong)地(di)位(wei)被廢除。元朝統(tong)治者為了(le)避免孔氏(shi)南(nan)(nan)北兩宗(zong)(zong)日后相(xiang)互(hu)嫌(xian)隙而生爭執(zhi),更(geng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)允許(xu)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)背忘(wang)孔洙讓爵(jue)之風,制訂(ding)了(le)《整治孔氏(shi)弟子(zi)(zi)違(wei)犯家規》的(de)(de)典章(zhang),修(xiu)訂(ding)了(le)《孔氏(shi)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)家規》,立有(you)(you)“遵制典”“端教(jiao)源”“示勸懲”“防冒姓(xing)”“嚴詭寄”“守(shou)祀田(tian)”“責(ze)報本”等條款,“行令在衢子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)永遵制典,恪守(shou)祖(zu)風,有(you)(you)違(wei)者以不(bu)(bu)(bu)忠不(bu)(bu)(bu)孝論。置(zhi)之重(zhong)典,永有(you)(you)敘錄。”如此種(zhong)種(zhong),格外嚴厲。這樣(yang),南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)的(de)(de)政治經濟地(di)位(wei)一落千丈,宗(zong)(zong)室逐(zhu)漸衰敗。他(ta)們的(de)(de)衣冠禮儀(yi)如同(tong)平民(min);祭(ji)田(tian)須納(na)課稅(shui),家廟無力(li)(li)維修(xiu);族(zu)人(ren)(ren)難入(ru)仕途,只能(neng)沉浮于(yu)書院山長和儒學教(jiao)諭之中(zhong)。據《衢州(zhou)東隅老執(zhi)結為孔彥(yan)繩實(shi)系南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)嫡宗(zong)(zong)孫(sun)乞分豁祭(ji)田(tian)糧額事(shi)》記載,明(ming)洪武(wu)十(shi)九(jiu)年(1386年),“因有(you)(you)民(min)人(ren)(ren)王希(xi)達隨母改嫁來家(南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)家廟),相(xiang)依住(zhu)過,冒投同(tong)籍(ji),本人(ren)(ren)為事(shi)累(lei)及,前(qian)田(tian)抄(chao)沒入(ru)官,改科重(zhong)糧壹佰貳(er)拾陸石零,以致子(zi)(zi)孫(sun)辦理納(na)艱難,歲租不(bu)(bu)(bu)敷……”這種(zhong)日見困(kun)苦的(de)(de)歲月,南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)世家經歷(li)了(le)六代200余年。孔彥(yan)繩尚且(qie)如此,其(qi)他(ta)南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)孔裔更(geng)趨窮困(kun)潦倒,還有(you)(you)能(neng)力(li)(li)培養人(ren)(ren)才嗎?這樣(yang),應(ying)該說,孔洙讓爵(jue)是南(nan)(nan)宗(zong)(zong)中(zhong)衰的(de)(de)主要(yao)原因。