芒果视频

基本介紹

彰德府(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)又叫“威靈公廟(miao)”，南山門位于河南省安陽(yang)(yang)市文峰(feng)區鼓樓(lou)東街六號，地處安陽(yang)(yang)老城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中心(xin)。尚未修復(fu)的(de)(de)北山門位于安陽(yang)(yang)東西主干道(dao)文峰(feng)南路，附近既有繁(fan)華的(de)(de)商業街又有從明代(dai)到民國(guo)各個(ge)時代(dai)的(de)(de)古(gu)建筑。其西側兩百米為(wei)正在準(zhun)備修復(fu)的(de)(de)鼓樓(lou)，北側為(wei)安陽(yang)(yang)相州（安陽(yang)(yang)縣）城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)。是(shi)豫北地區城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍文化(hua)的(de)(de)代(dai)表。也(ye)是(shi)安陽(yang)(yang)市現存(cun)規模最大、歷史悠久、保(bao)存(cun)完好的(de)(de)道(dao)教建筑與(yu)禮制建筑群。

根據清(qing)乾隆五十年(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元1787年(nian)(nian)）編修(xiu)(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)《彰(zhang)(zhang)德府(fu)(fu)志》記載：彰(zhang)(zhang)德府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟廟宇布局圖(tu)，當時(shi)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟有五進院落、六(liu)所大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、配有左(zuo)右(you)對(dui)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)廂房、前院西側有府(fu)(fu)屬(shu)七縣城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟一所，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)布局規整(zheng)，規模(mo)宏偉(wei)。廟內(nei)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之中(zhong)供奉(feng)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)，兩(liang)側分(fen)列八(ba)大將、黑(hei)白(bai)(bai)判官、牛頭、馬(ma)面、黑(hei)白(bai)(bai)無常、日夜巡游、鐘鼓神以及(ji)十殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閻王十八(ba)司等地(di)獄塑像。1933年(nian)(nian)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)被(bei)毀，戲樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、牌樓(lou)(lou)(lou)、八(ba)字墻改(gai)建(jian)(jian)店鋪，辟(pi)為市場，至此，安陽(yang)最大的(de)(de)(de)道教古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)群走向衰弱。1982年(nian)(nian)，安陽(yang)市政府(fu)(fu)投入專(zhuan)款進行修(xiu)(xiu)繕。現存大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)建(jian)(jian)于明(ming)初，三(san)(san)(san)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、五殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、和七縣城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟為落架大修(xiu)(xiu)，仿其舊(jiu)制。二殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、四(si)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、牌坊(fang)為重建(jian)(jian)。重修(xiu)(xiu)后的(de)(de)(de)彰(zhang)(zhang)德府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟整(zheng)體規劃布局完(wan)整(zheng)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)造型豐富多(duo)樣。主(zhu)院中(zhong)軸線(xian)依次排列為四(si)柱(zhu)三(san)(san)(san)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)式木牌樓(lou)(lou)(lou)。三(san)(san)(san)間歇山(shan)(shan)(shan)重檐式山(shan)(shan)(shan)門(men)及(ji)兩(liang)側八(ba)字琉(liu)璃照壁、池上(shang)架設三(san)(san)(san)孔拱橋(qiao)。三(san)(san)(san)間懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式前殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、三(san)(san)(san)間懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、吳劍歇山(shan)(shan)(shan)式城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、五間懸(xuan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)式寢殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、三(san)(san)(san)間硬山(shan)(shan)(shan)式后殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)（因拆遷問題暫(zan)時(shi)未建(jian)(jian)設）、中(zhong)軸兩(liang)側分(fen)配對(dui)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)配殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)十九間廊房，使(shi)其更加威嚴肅(su)穆、恢弘壯觀。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)造型多(duo)種多(duo)樣，極具藝術型、科學性、文物價值。

歷史沿革

和很多(duo)古城(cheng)一樣，安陽(yang)的彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍有著顯赫(he)的歷(li)史(shi)。據史(shi)料記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)：彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍廟(miao)(miao)始(shi)建于北(bei)周大象二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)580年(nian)(nian)(nian)）至隋大業年(nian)(nian)(nian)間（公(gong)元(yuan)618年(nian)(nian)(nian)）。《彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)府(fu)(fu)志》記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)：“彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)有城(cheng)隍府(fu)(fu)，自設郡起由(you)來已久(jiu)，不自明(ming)始(shi)”，說的是彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍廟(miao)(miao)有悠(you)久(jiu)的歷(li)史(shi)。據山(shan)門題記(ji)(ji)(ji)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)，明(ming)洪武(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間，彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍被敕封為“威靈(ling)公(gong)”，彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍廟(miao)(miao)隨之于明(ming)洪武(wu)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1369年(nian)(nian)(nian)）進行了擴(kuo)建修(xiu)葺。碑(bei)刻記(ji)(ji)(ji)載(zai)：“推(tui)彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)隍聰明(ming)正直，圣不可罔，《彰(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)德(de)(de)(de)府(fu)(fu)志》亦云。”歷(li)明(ming)朝(chao)景泰(tai)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1454年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、成華二(er)(er)十(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1486年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、萬(wan)歷(li)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1587年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、萬(wan)歷(li)二(er)(er)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1600年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、清(qing)朝(chao)乾隆二(er)(er)十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1772年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、嘉慶十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1808年(nian)(nian)(nian)）、等朝(chao)代(dai)多(duo)次(ci)修(xiu)葺。

建國后特殊歷史(shi)時期，城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟受到了(le)毀滅性打擊(ji)，瘋狂的(de)人群在廟里(li)肆意(yi)的(de)破(po)壞，府內建筑神像多數被(bei)毀。但是(shi)有善信(xin)在那個(ge)年代依舊(jiu)冒(mao)死把(ba)悄(qiao)悄(qiao)的(de)把(ba)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)爺神像進行(xing)的(de)轉(zhuan)移(yi)保(bao)護，才使得城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)神像避免了(le)這場浩劫，在后來的(de)城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟修復過(guo)程中，城(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)神像雕(diao)塑得以回歸(gui)。

彰德府城隍廟(miao)是安(an)陽市(shi)內(nei)不可(ke)多得的(de)，同(tong)時(shi)也(ye)是保存最完好的(de)宗教建筑，1986年(nian)被評(ping)定為(wei)河南省重點文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei)。2013年(nian)5月被評(ping)為(wei)全國重點文(wen)物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei)。

目前宮觀內成(cheng)立了(le)安陽民(min)俗博物館(guan)，免費(fei)對(dui)市民(min)開放。同時(shi)在(zai)宮觀的(de)西(xi)南(nan)角開設(she)了(le)專門的(de)上香(xiang)祭拜區域，逢年過節(jie)香(xiang)火非常(chang)鼎盛。