芒果视频

簡介 

吉林和(he)龍(long)泉(quan)水河國家濕地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園位于(yu)吉林省延邊朝鮮(xian)族(zu)自治州和(he)龍(long)市西南部(bu)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園屬吉林省和(he)龍(long)林業局(ju)廣坪林場，地(di)理坐(zuo)標為(wei)：東經128o38′20″-128o47′11″，北緯42o01′03″- 42o06′56″，占地(di)4791.4公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)，分(fen)為(wei)五個功能區，分(fen)別為(wei)保育區4172 公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)、恢復(fu)重建區248.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)、宣教展(zhan)示區172公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)、合(he)理利用區120.4 公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)、管理服務區78.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。

吉林和(he)龍泉水河國家濕(shi)地公園(yuan)2013年12月(yue)31日被國家林業局正式批準(zhun)成(cheng)立(li)，公園(yuan)地處長(chang)(chang)白山圖們江源頭是(shi)(shi)吉林省重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)水源涵(han)養(yang)區，是(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)白山地區森(sen)林沼(zhao)澤(ze)濕(shi)地中面積最(zui)大(da)保存(cun)較為完整的(de)一塊，不僅是(shi)(shi)我(wo)國溫帶(dai)森(sen)林沼(zhao)澤(ze)濕(shi)地的(de)典型代表，在世界溫帶(dai)森(sen)林沼(zhao)澤(ze)濕(shi)地的(de)研究中也(ye)具(ju)有重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)意義，具(ju)有很高(gao)的(de)自然性(xing)和(he)原始性(xing)。

自然氣候

濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)候類型上屬于中緯度中溫(wen)(wen)帶季(ji)風半濕(shi)(shi)(shi)潤(run)氣(qi)(qi)候區。大(da)(da)陸性季(ji)風明顯，四季(ji)分明，春季(ji)冷暖(nuan)干濕(shi)(shi)(shi)無常，夏季(ji)短暫(zan)不(bu)甚炎熱，秋(qiu)季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)和(he)涼爽多(duo)晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)，冬季(ji)寒冷漫長(chang)。年平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)4.8℃，活動(dong)積(ji)(ji)(ji)溫(wen)(wen)2200℃；年平(ping)均(jun)最低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)1.1℃，年平(ping)均(jun)最高氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)11.5℃，極(ji)端最高氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)36.7℃，極(ji)端最低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)-33.2℃，1月(yue)份氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)最低而7月(yue)份氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)最高；年降(jiang)水量800mm，5～9月(yue)降(jiang)水≥500mm；年平(ping)均(jun)日照不(bu)足2400h，無霜(shuang)期125天(tian)(tian)；積(ji)(ji)(ji)雪(xue)厚度大(da)(da)于30cm，最大(da)(da)凍土深度為(wei)150cm。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)起伏，生境多(duo)樣(yang)，植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類型豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)。公(gong)園境內的(de)(de)主(zhu)要植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)類型有(you)：針葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)型組、闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)(lin)植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)型組，沼(zhao)澤植(zhi)被(bei)(bei)型組。規(gui)劃區總(zong)用地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)4791.4hm2，現(xian)狀土地(di)(di)(di)利用類型簡單。各類濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)2045.9 hm2，占(zhan)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)42.70％；林(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)2745.5 hm2，占(zhan)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)57.15％；道(dao)路用地(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)7.6 hm2，占(zhan)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)0.15％。濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)公(gong)園處于低山(shan)丘陵區的(de)(de)溝(gou)谷和(he)支溝(gou)口洪積(ji)(ji)(ji)扇(shan)前(qian)緣，受坡面(mian)(mian)(mian)徑流、坡積(ji)(ji)(ji)潛水溢出的(de)(de)影響，水源補給比較豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)景觀(guan)，包括森林(lin)(lin)(lin)沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、灌叢沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、草本沼(zhao)澤濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、河流濕(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)(di)等四種(zhong)(zhong)類型。國(guo)家Ⅰ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野生動(dong)物(wu)有(you)紫貂、原麝(she)、金雕3種(zhong)(zhong)，Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野生動(dong)物(wu)30種(zhong)(zhong)，其中獸類6種(zhong)(zhong)、鳥類24種(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)家重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)野生動(dong)物(wu)33種(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)家Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)7種(zhong)(zhong)：紅松、鉆天(tian)(tian)柳、水曲柳、黃(huang)檗(bo)、紫椴、野大(da)(da)豆、蓮。

濕(shi)地(di)公園地(di)處長(chang)(chang)白山(shan)(shan)東麓、陰山(shan)(shan)東西向復雜構(gou)造帶(dai)和中(zhong)國(guo)東部長(chang)(chang)白山(shan)(shan)新華夏(xia)隆起(qi)帶(dai)的交接部位。公園內(nei)基巖主要是玄武巖，松(song)散沉積物為黃土與(yu)河(he)流相沖積物。濕(shi)地(di)公園土壤(rang)類型有：暗(an)棕(zong)(zong)壤(rang)、草甸(dian)土、泥(ni)炭沼澤土。在垂直方向上，暗(an)棕(zong)(zong)壤(rang)主要分布(bu)在海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)800~1400m之(zhi)間的中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)，草甸(dian)土主要分布(bu)在海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)700~800m之(zhi)間的河(he)流兩(liang)側，泥(ni)炭沼澤土主要分布(bu)在海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)(ba)700~1000m之(zhi)間的山(shan)(shan)坡(po)地(di)帶(dai)。

景觀分布

濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園(yuan)地(di)(di)處中朝(chao)(chao)邊(bian)境(jing)，旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富，兩(liang)岸(an)風光旖旎，景(jing)色秀(xiu)麗(li)，可欣賞到圖們江大峽谷(gu)、處女瀑布、軍艦山(shan)、圖們江源(yuan)(yuan)頭(tou)、中朝(chao)(chao)三角界碑、沼澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)景(jing)觀、高山(shan)花(hua)園(yuan)景(jing)觀、金(jin)日成(cheng)釣魚臺(tai)、金(jin)日成(cheng)渡江處等自(zi)然景(jing)觀與人文景(jing)觀；還(huan)可欣賞到朝(chao)(chao)鮮(xian)的亞洲(zhou)最(zui)大露天鐵(tie)礦基地(di)(di)——茂山(shan)郡。2014年，和龍(long)林業(ye)局(ju)將周邊(bian)旅(lv)游(you)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)進(jin)行整合，大力開發旅(lv)游(you)產(chan)業(ye)，自(zi)籌(chou)資(zi)金(jin)建(jian)設濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園(yuan)山(shan)門1座，觀景(jing)木(mu)棧道、觀景(jing)平(ping)臺(tai)及各類宣(xuan)傳指示牌，站在觀景(jing)平(ping)臺(tai)上(shang)不僅可以欣賞到近(jin)200公頃沼澤濕(shi)地(di)(di)景(jing)觀，還(huan)可遠眺長白山(shan)。精心制作的科(ke)教宣(xuan)傳展(zhan)板及各類樹(shu)木(mu)簡(jian)介牌可讓游(you)客增加對濕(shi)地(di)(di)的認識，從(cong)而(er)提高生態保護(hu)意識。目前，濕(shi)地(di)(di)公園(yuan)各項工(gong)作進(jin)展(zhan)順利(li)，逐步(bu)走上(shang)了科(ke)學化(hua)、法制化(hua)和規范化(hua)的發展(zhan)軌道。