湖(hu)南通(tong)道(dao)(dao)玉帶河(he)國家(jia)濕地公(gong)(gong)園位于通(tong)道(dao)(dao)侗族(zu)自治(zhi)縣中(zhong)部,包括(kuo)玉帶河(he)臨(lin)口至江(jiang)口水域、河(he)洲漫灘、灘涂(tu)、曬口水庫(ku)和周邊部分(fen)林(lin)地,濕地公(gong)(gong)園總面積1503.8公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),其中(zhong)濕地面積984.5公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),濕地率為65.46%。
湖南(nan)通道(dao)玉帶(dai)河國家濕(shi)(shi)地公(gong)(gong)園位于通道(dao)侗族自治縣(xian)中部,地理坐(zuo)標(biao)介于東經109°32′12″~109°49′5″,北緯(wei)26°12′59″~26°22′33″之間,南(nan)北長17.8千(qian)米(mi),東西寬28.0千(qian)米(mi),范圍包括(kuo)臨口(kou)、下鄉、雙江(jiang)、菁蕪洲、縣(xian)溪、播陽、鍋沖、江(jiang)口(kou)等(deng)8個鄉鎮29個行(xing)政村,包括(kuo)玉帶(dai)河臨口(kou)至(zhi)江(jiang)口(kou)水域、河洲漫灘、灘涂、曬口(kou)水庫和周(zhou)邊部分林地,濕(shi)(shi)地公(gong)(gong)園總面積1503.8公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),其中濕(shi)(shi)地面積984.5公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing),濕(shi)(shi)地率為65.46%。
玉帶河是(shi)(shi)湖南四條主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)河流沅水流域的(de)(de)上游是(shi)(shi)維(wei)系(xi)云(yun)貴高原與雪峰山脈間(jian)的(de)(de)生(sheng)態屏(ping)障(zhang),是(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)珍稀野生(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)(wu)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)棲(qi)息地(di),公園內(nei)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多樣性十分(fen)豐富,共有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子植物(wu)(wu)153科533屬832種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),發現(xian)新種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)湖南報春。珍稀野生(sheng)植物(wu)(wu)有(you)香(xiang)樟、閩楠(nan)、銀(yin)杏、野大豆、金喬麥、花櫚木、中(zhong)華結縷草等7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)保護植物(wu)(wu)。有(you)野生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)物(wu)(wu)共5綱(gang)29目80科224種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)有(you)白頸長尾雉國(guo)家(jia)保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。鴛(yuan)鴦、白鷴(xian)、斑頭鵂(xiu)鹠(liu)、褐冠鵑隼、黑(hei)冠鵑隼、紅隼、阿穆爾(er)隼、灰背隼、雀鷹(ying)、日本松雀鷹(ying)、黑(hei)耳鳶、紅腹錦雞、白尾鷂、褐林鸮(xiao)、虎紋蛙(wa)、東(dong)方角(jiao)鸮(xiao)、領角(jiao)鸮(xiao)、領鵂(xiu)鹠(liu)、猴面鷹(ying)(草鸮(xiao))、灰鶴、貓頭鷹(ying)等21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)保護動(dong)物(wu)(wu),是(shi)(shi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)鳥類遷徙地(di)及通道(dao)。
濕(shi)地公園屬亞熱帶季(ji)風濕(shi)潤(run)性氣候區,四(si)季(ji)分明,但夏天(tian)(tian)(tian)酷(ku)暑,冬少(shao)嚴寒。氣溫(wen)年較(jiao)差(cha)小,日(ri)(ri)較(jiao)差(cha)大,春(chun)溫(wen)回升遲,秋(qiu)溫(wen)降得早。四(si)季(ji)時(shi)段分配為(wei)(wei):3月(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)~6月(yue)(yue)11日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)春(chun)季(ji),為(wei)(wei)期(qi)81天(tian)(tian)(tian);6月(yue)(yue)12日(ri)(ri)~9月(yue)(yue)12日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)夏季(ji),為(wei)(wei)期(qi)93天(tian)(tian)(tian);9月(yue)(yue)13日(ri)(ri)~11月(yue)(yue)18日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)秋(qiu)季(ji),為(wei)(wei)期(qi)67天(tian)(tian)(tian);11月(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)~3月(yue)(yue)22日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)冬季(ji),為(wei)(wei)期(qi)124天(tian)(tian)(tian)。