董(dong)賢,字圣卿(qing),馮翊云陽(今陜西涇陽西北)人。父親(qin)董(dong)恭,擔任御史時,起用董(dong)賢擔任太子舍人。綏和(he)二年(前7年),漢哀帝劉欣即位,董(dong)賢隨之(zhi)升任為郎官(guan)。
建平二年(nian)(前5年(nian)),董(dong)賢在(zai)殿下(xia)傳奏時,他(ta)(ta)(ta)因為人漂亮而(er)沾沾自喜,漢哀帝望見后(hou),對他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)容(rong)貌(mao)很喜歡,記住而(er)后(hou)問他(ta)(ta)(ta),說:“是舍人董(dong)賢嗎?”于是招他(ta)(ta)(ta)上(shang)前與他(ta)(ta)(ta)談話,升任黃門郎,由此開(kai)始受到寵幸。當問到他(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)父親(qin)是云中(zhong)侯董(dong)恭時,當日(ri)征召擔任霸陵(ling)縣令,升為光祿(lu)大夫(fu)。董(dong)賢得(de)寵日(ri)甚(shen),擔任駙(fu)馬都(dou)尉、侍(shi)(shi)中(zhong),漢哀帝出則陪(pei)同乘車,入則隨侍(shi)(shi)左右,一(yi)月之內所得(de)賞賜(si)總共達一(yi)萬(wan)萬(wan)錢,其富貴震(zhen)動(dong)朝廷。
董賢性情柔和喜(xi)歡逢迎漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)(di),他會(hui)用諂媚來(lai)鞏固自己(ji)的(de)地(di)位(wei)。漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)(di)每次(ci)給他休息日,他都不(bu)肯出去,常(chang)常(chang)在(zai)宮中服(fu)侍(shi)漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)(di)。漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)(di)認為董賢難以回家,于(yu)是下詔(zhao)讓(rang)(rang)董賢的(de)妻(qi)子能(neng)夠(gou)直(zhi)接進到宮殿(dian)(dian)中,住在(zai)殿(dian)(dian)中董賢的(de)住處,像(xiang)長吏的(de)妻(qi)子能(neng)夠(gou)住在(zai)官舍一樣。又(you)召來(lai)董賢的(de)妹(mei)妹(mei)讓(rang)(rang)她做(zuo)了昭儀,地(di)位(wei)僅次(ci)于(yu)皇后(hou)(hou),把她的(de)住舍改名(ming)為椒風,來(lai)與皇后(hou)(hou)的(de)椒房相配。
董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)從早到晚侍立(li)漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)(di)(di)左右,漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)(di)(di)賞賜董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也(ye)各以(yi)千萬來計(ji)算。漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)(di)(di)升(sheng)任(ren)(ren)董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)父親董(dong)(dong)(dong)恭擔(dan)任(ren)(ren)少(shao)府,賜爵關(guan)內侯(hou)收其(qi)賦稅而(er)食(shi),后(hou)又(you)(you)(you)遷徙擔(dan)任(ren)(ren)衛尉。漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)(di)(di)又(you)(you)(you)讓董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)岳父擔(dan)任(ren)(ren)將作(zuo)大(da)匠,董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)內弟擔(dan)任(ren)(ren)執(zhi)金(jin)吾。漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)(di)(di)下(xia)詔令將作(zuo)大(da)匠替董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在北闕(que)(que)下(xia)建(jian)造(zao)大(da)房(fang)屋,其(qi)有前后(hou)殿(dian)并且門(men)門(men)相(xiang)對,建(jian)筑(zhu)極盡精巧華麗。董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以(yi)下(xia)到董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)家的(de)仆人都受到漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)(di)(di)賞賜,賞及武庫兵器、上(shang)方珍寶。選取物用(yong)時(shi),上(shang)等的(de)盡由董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),而(er)乘車所穿的(de)衣服,其(qi)級別(bie)僅次于皇(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)。直(zhi)到棺(guan)梓、由黃金(jin)連縫珠寶而(er)成的(de)珠襦、由黃金(jin)連縫玉塊而(er)成的(de)玉柙,準備(bei)將它們賞賜給董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de),沒有不齊備(bei)的(de)。漢(han)(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝(di)(di)(di)又(you)(you)(you)讓將作(zuo)大(da)匠為董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在義陵(ling)旁建(jian)造(zao)墳(fen)塋(ying),內有小室(shi)用(yong)堅剛之(zhi)(zhi)柏(bo)向內致累而(er)成,外為巡行警戒之(zhi)(zhi)道,周圍(wei)幾里(li),門(men)闕(que)(que)以(yi)及門(men)外之(zhi)(zhi)屏很(hen)多(duo)。
建平(ping)(ping)四年(nian)(前3年(nian))三月,漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝想給董(dong)賢(xian)封侯(hou)(hou)(hou)但沒(mei)有緣由。正(zheng)好待(dai)詔孫(sun)寵、息夫躬等(deng)(deng)控告(gao)東平(ping)(ping)王(wang)劉云的妻子伍謁在祭祀時(shi)訴于鬼神,使其降禍(huo)于所憎惡之人(ren),漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝把這事(shi)(shi)委付(fu)給有關部門處(chu)理,都認(ren)了(le)罪。漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝這時(shi)命令孫(sun)寵、息夫躬通過董(dong)賢(xian)控告(gao)東平(ping)(ping)王(wang)這件(jian)事(shi)(shi)的,就(jiu)因(yin)(yin)其功勞下詔封董(dong)賢(xian)為(wei)高安侯(hou)(hou)(hou),息夫躬為(wei)宜陵侯(hou)(hou)(hou),孫(sun)寵為(wei)方陽侯(hou)(hou)(hou),食邑各一千戶(hu)。不久,又增封董(dong)賢(xian)二千戶(hu)。丞(cheng)相王(wang)嘉心里懷疑(yi)東平(ping)(ping)王(wang)一事(shi)(shi)冤枉,非(fei)常討厭(yan)息夫躬等(deng)(deng)人(ren),并多次(ci)力諫漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝,認(ren)為(wei)董(dong)賢(xian)擾亂了(le)國家制度,王(wang)嘉最后因(yin)(yin)談論此(ci)事(shi)(shi)下獄而死(si)。八月,漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝派(pai)中黃門到武(wu)庫拿兵器,前后十次(ci),送(song)到董(dong)賢(xian)的住所。
漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)剛剛即位(wei)時,其祖母傅(fu)(fu)太后、母親丁太后都還活著,傅(fu)(fu)、丁兩家先富貴起來。傅(fu)(fu)太后的(de)堂弟傅(fu)(fu)喜最初擔任大司馬輔(fu)政,多(duo)次(ci)勸諫(jian)漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di),違(wei)背傅(fu)(fu)太后的(de)意圖,而被免官。漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)的(de)舅舅丁明代任大司馬,也很稱職,但很忌妒董(dong)賢受寵。
元壽元年(nian)(前2年(nian))三(san)月(yue),丞相王嘉因罪(zui)被殺,丁明非常(chang)同(tong)情他。漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝更加器重董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian),想給予他最高(gao)職位,但丁明不滿意(yi),于是以(yi)詔(zhao)令的(de)形(xing)式數(shu)落了丁明的(de)罪(zui)狀(zhuang),將(jiang)其免官(guan)讓(rang)其回家。同(tong)年(nian)十(shi)(shi)二(er)月(yue)初六(liu)日,漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝讓(rang)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)代替丁明擔任大司(si)馬(ma)、衛將(jiang)軍。當時董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)年(nian)齡為二(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)歲,雖為三(san)公,但常(chang)在殿中執(zhi)事,掌管尚書,百(bai)官(guan)靠董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)向(xiang)漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝奏事。董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)認為他的(de)父親(qin)董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)恭不應處在卿位,于是調任光祿大夫(fu),俸祿為中二(er)千石(shi)。董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)的(de)弟弟董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)寬信代替董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)擔任駙(fu)馬(ma)都(dou)尉。董(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)氏親(qin)屬都(dou)以(yi)侍中諸曹的(de)身份奉朝請,他們(men)所得(de)漢(han)哀(ai)(ai)帝的(de)寵(chong)愛在丁、傅兩家之上。
元壽二年(nian)(nian)(前1年(nian)(nian))正月,匈奴單(dan)于(yu)來(lai)朝(chao),漢(han)哀帝(di)賜宴(yan)時召(zhao)見使者,群臣(chen)在前面。匈奴單(dan)于(yu)對于(yu)董賢年(nian)(nian)輕感到驚疑(yi),于(yu)是(shi)詢(xun)問翻(fan)譯,漢(han)哀帝(di)令翻(fan)譯回答說:“大(da)司馬年(nian)(nian)輕,因非常有賢能擔任(ren)官職(zhi)。”匈奴單(dan)于(yu)于(yu)是(shi)起身拜見,恭賀漢(han)朝(chao)獲得賢臣(chen)。
起初,丞(cheng)相孔(kong)光(guang)擔任(ren)御(yu)史大(da)(da)夫(fu),當(dang)時董賢(xian)的(de)父親(qin)董恭擔任(ren)御(yu)史,侍奉孔(kong)光(guang)。到(dao)元壽二年(前1年)五月初二日,朝廷正式確定三公官名和(he)各自的(de)分工職(zhi)掌。任(ren)命董賢(xian)為大(da)(da)司(si)馬;丞(cheng)相孔(kong)光(guang)為大(da)(da)司(si)徒(tu);彭宣為大(da)(da)司(si)空(kong),封長(chang)平侯。漢哀(ai)帝有意讓董賢(xian)暗中超過孔(kong)光(guang)。孔(kong)光(guang)極其恭謹,知(zhi)道(dao)漢哀(ai)帝想使董賢(xian)受(shou)到(dao)別人(ren)尊寵,到(dao)聽說董賢(xian)快來(lai)時,孔(kong)光(guang)穿好(hao)衣服(fu)戴好(hao)帽子出(chu)門等待,在遠(yuan)處望見董賢(xian)的(de)車子就退進(jin)去(qu)(qu)。董賢(xian)到(dao)達中門,孔(kong)光(guang)又進(jin)入門旁小屋,董賢(xian)下車之后(hou),孔(kong)光(guang)就出(chu)來(lai)拜(bai)請他(ta),送迎(ying)非(fei)常(chang)謹慎,不敢以接(jie)待同等地位的(de)人(ren)的(de)禮節(jie)接(jie)待他(ta)。董賢(xian)回(hui)去(qu)(qu)后(hou),漢哀(ai)帝聽說這件事后(hou)很高(gao)興,立(li)即提拔孔(kong)光(guang)兩個(ge)哥(ge)哥(ge)的(de)兒子擔任(ren)諫大(da)(da)夫(fu)常(chang)侍。董賢(xian)從此擁(yong)有的(de)權力與皇帝相等。
當(dang)時,漢(han)成帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外戚(qi)王(wang)(wang)氏家(jia)(jia)(jia)道(dao)(dao)衰落,只有平阿侯王(wang)(wang)譚(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)王(wang)(wang)去(qu)(qu)疾,在漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)為(wei)(wei)太子(zi)(zi)時擔(dan)任庶子(zi)(zi)得(de)到(dao)(dao)寵(chong)幸,到(dao)(dao)漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)即位(wei)(wei)后,擔(dan)任侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)騎都(dou)尉。漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)上認為(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)氏沒有高(gao)居官位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人,于是因舊恩(en)親(qin)近王(wang)(wang)去(qu)(qu)疾,又提拔他的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弟(di)弟(di)王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)擔(dan)任中(zhong)(zhong)常侍(shi)。王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)岳父(fu)蕭(xiao)咸,是前(qian)任將(jiang)軍蕭(xiao)望之(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兒(er)(er)子(zi)(zi),長(chang)久擔(dan)任郡(jun)守,因患病(bing)被免(mian),擔(dan)任中(zhong)(zhong)郎(lang)將(jiang)。蕭(xiao)咸、蕭(xiao)育兄(xiong)弟(di)并在朝廷,董(dong)(dong)賢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父(fu)親(qin)董(dong)(dong)恭(gong)很羨(xian)慕他們(men),想與(yu)他們(men)結為(wei)(wei)親(qin)家(jia)(jia)(jia)。王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)替董(dong)(dong)賢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弟(di)弟(di)駙馬(ma)都(dou)尉董(dong)(dong)寬信求娶蕭(xiao)咸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)女(nv)兒(er)(er)為(wei)(wei)妻(qi),蕭(xiao)咸惶恐(kong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)當(dang),暗中(zhong)(zhong)對王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)說(shuo):“董(dong)(dong)公為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)司馬(ma),皇(huang)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冊文說(shuo)‘在朝中(zhong)(zhong)掌事誠信’,這(zhe)乃是堯(yao)禪(chan)(chan)位(wei)(wei)給(gei)舜(shun)之(zhi)文,不(bu)(bu)(bu)是三公舊制,年長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人見到(dao)(dao)這(zhe),沒有誰(shui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)害(hai)怕(pa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這(zhe)難道(dao)(dao)是我(wo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)兒(er)(er)所(suo)能承(cheng)受得(de)了(le)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嗎?”王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)秉性(xing)有智略,聽了(le)蕭(xiao)咸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話,內心(xin)里也明(ming)白了(le)。于是回去(qu)(qu)告(gao)訴董(dong)(dong)恭(gong),巧妙地表(biao)達了(le)蕭(xiao)咸自(zi)我(wo)謙虛不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)高(gao)攀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意思。董(dong)(dong)恭(gong)嘆息說(shuo):“我(wo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)因什(shen)么(me)對不(bu)(bu)(bu)起天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)人,而被人所(suo)害(hai)怕(pa)到(dao)(dao)這(zhe)種程度!”心(xin)里不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)興(xing)。后來漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)在麟(lin)麒殿擺(bai)酒(jiu)(jiu)宴,與(yu)董(dong)(dong)賢父(fu)子(zi)(zi)及親(qin)屬(shu)聚(ju)飲,王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)兄(xiong)弟(di)侍(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)、中(zhong)(zhong)常侍(shi)都(dou)在旁侍(shi)候。漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)有一些酒(jiu)(jiu)意,不(bu)(bu)(bu)慌不(bu)(bu)(bu)忙(mang)地看(kan)著董(dong)(dong)賢而笑(xiao),說(shuo)道(dao)(dao):“我(wo)想效法堯(yao)禪(chan)(chan)位(wei)(wei)舜(shun),怎么(me)樣?”王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)進言(yan)道(dao)(dao):“天(tian)下(xia)是高(gao)皇(huang)帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)下(xia),不(bu)(bu)(bu)是陛(bi)下(xia)所(suo)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。陛(bi)下(xia)繼承(cheng)帝(di)系(xi),應(ying)當(dang)傳位(wei)(wei)給(gei)子(zi)(zi)孫直到(dao)(dao)無窮。世代相傳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)事至關重(zhong)要,皇(huang)上不(bu)(bu)(bu)要隨口說(shuo)!”漢(han)哀(ai)帝(di)默(mo)然不(bu)(bu)(bu)高(gao)興(xing),左右之(zhi)人都(dou)害(hai)怕(pa)。于是把王(wang)(wang)閎(hong)(hong)(hong)趕出去(qu)(qu),以后不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)再侍(shi)宴。
元壽(shou)二年(前1年)六月二十六日,漢哀帝(di)(di)駕崩。太(tai)皇太(tai)后王政(zheng)(zheng)君召來大(da)(da)(da)司(si)馬(ma)董賢,在東廂接見(jian)(jian),問他如何安(an)排喪(sang)事。董賢內心(xin)擔(dan)憂發愁,回答(da)不出(chu),免(mian)冠道歉。王政(zheng)(zheng)君說:“新都侯王莽(mang)(mang)以(yi)前以(yi)大(da)(da)(da)司(si)馬(ma)的身份(fen)處理過先帝(di)(di)喪(sang)事,知曉舊例(li),我令王莽(mang)(mang)幫助你。”董賢叩頭以(yi)示自己(ji)受到很大(da)(da)(da)寵幸。王政(zheng)(zheng)君派遣使者召見(jian)(jian)王莽(mang)(mang)。王莽(mang)(mang)到達(da)后,借助太(tai)皇太(tai)后指使尚書彈劾(he)董賢在漢哀帝(di)(di)臥病時不親(qin)侍醫藥(yao),禁止董賢不得出(chu)入(ru)殿(dian)中(zhong)司(si)馬(ma)府大(da)(da)(da)門。董賢不知為何,到殿(dian)庭摘帽赤(chi)腳(jiao)步行謝罪(zui)。
六月二(er)十七日,王莽派(pai)謁者以太皇(huang)太后詔書的(de)名義就(jiu)在(zai)宮殿下(xia)給董(dong)賢下(xia)詔說:“自從董(dong)賢入宮以來,陰(yin)陽不調,災害并(bing)至,平民遭罪。三公(gong),是皇(huang)上最重要的(de)輔臣(chen),高安(an)侯董(dong)賢不懂得事(shi)物道(dao)理,擔任大司(si)馬不能(neng)令(ling)眾人(ren)滿(man)意,不能(neng)用來擊(ji)敗敵人(ren)安(an)撫邊(bian)遠地方。收回(hui)大司(si)馬印綬(shou),令(ling)董(dong)賢罷官回(hui)家。”
當日董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)他(ta)的(de)(de)妻子(zi)都(dou)(dou)自殺,他(ta)們家里的(de)(de)人非(fei)常害怕(pa)就在(zai)夜晚埋葬了(le)(le)。王(wang)莽懷疑他(ta)假裝稱死,有(you)司奏(zou)請打(da)開(kai)董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)棺(guan)材(cai)(cai),前去驗看。王(wang)莽又暗(an)示大司徒(tu)孔光上(shang)奏(zou):“董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)生性善于諂媚(mei),與(yu)邪惡不正之(zhi)人相勾結來獲取封侯,父子(zi)把持朝(chao)政,兄弟并(bing)受(shou)寵(chong)愛,過多(duo)地接受(shou)賞(shang)賜(si),大規(gui)模建造住宅,建筑墳(fen)塋,仿效君(jun)王(wang)沒(mei)有(you)節度(du),與(yu)皇上(shang)的(de)(de)陵墓(mu)無(wu)異,其(qi)費用以(yi)萬(wan)萬(wan)錢來計算,國家因此空(kong)虛。父子(zi)傲慢不順(shun),直到不敬皇上(shang)派(pai)遣的(de)(de)使(shi)者,接受(shou)賞(shang)賜(si)不跪(gui)拜,罪(zui)惡非(fei)常明顯。董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)自殺認(ren)罪(zui),死后他(ta)的(de)(de)父親(qin)(qin)董(dong)(dong)(dong)恭(gong)以(yi)及其(qi)他(ta)人不悔過,并(bing)且又在(zai)棺(guan)材(cai)(cai)涂上(shang)朱砂(sha),并(bing)雕畫(hua)以(yi)四季之(zhi)色,左邊是(shi)(shi)蒼龍(long),右邊是(shi)(shi)白虎,上(shang)邊附著金銀日月,用玉衣珠璧裝殮,其(qi)至尊無(wu)以(yi)復加。董(dong)(dong)(dong)恭(gong)等人僥幸免(mian)于誅殺,不應(ying)該在(zai)朝(chao)廷。我請求將(jiang)其(qi)財物沒(mei)收納于朝(chao)廷。所有(you)靠(kao)董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)擔任官職(zhi)的(de)(de)都(dou)(dou)予免(mian)官。”董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)父親(qin)(qin)董(dong)(dong)(dong)恭(gong)、弟弟董(dong)(dong)(dong)寬信與(yu)家屬遷(qian)到合浦,董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)母親(qin)(qin)回(hui)到故鄉巨鹿。朝(chao)廷賣掉董(dong)(dong)(dong)氏財產總共有(you)四十(shi)三萬(wan)萬(wan)錢。董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)開(kai)棺(guan)后,露現其(qi)尸進行檢驗,然后才埋在(zai)墓(mu)中。董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)所重(zhong)待的(de)(de)官吏沛國人朱詡自我劾奏(zou)離開(kai)大司馬府(fu),購(gou)買(mai)棺(guan)材(cai)(cai)衣服(fu)收拾董(dong)(dong)(dong)賢(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)尸體而埋葬了(le)(le)他(ta)。
唐·楊衡《舞曲(qu)歌辭·白(bai)纻辭二首》
唐·岑參《醉(zui)后(hou)戲與趙(zhao)歌兒》
元·楊維楨(zhen)《吳農謠》
劉欣:大(da)司馬年少(shao),以大(da)賢(xian)居位。
孔光:賢質性巧佞,翼奸以獲封侯(hou),父子專(zhuan)朝(chao),兄弟并寵,多受賞賜,治第宅,造冢壙,放效無極(ji),不異王制(zhi),費(fei)以萬萬計,國家為空虛(xu)。父子驕蹇(jian),至不為使者禮。
班(ban)固(gu):①賢(xian)(xian)亦(yi)性柔和(he)便辟,善為媚以自固(gu)。②董賢(xian)(xian)之寵尤盛,父子并為公(gong)卿,可謂貴重人臣(chen)無二(er)矣。然進不由道,位過(guo)其(qi)任,莫(mo)能有(you)終,所(suo)謂愛(ai)之適(shi)足以害之者也(ye)。③高安侯賢(xian)(xian)未(wei)更(geng)事理,為大(da)司馬不合眾心(xin),非(fei)所(suo)以折沖綏遠也(ye)。
丁耀(yao)亢(kang):敝(bi)冠(guan)不(bu)加(jia)于(yu)足,屨新不(bu)加(jia)于(yu)頂(ding),上下之(zhi)殊分也(ye)。賢以倡優弄臣,僭位元僚,終自(zi)夷滅。使賢得為老丑庸鈍之(zhi)人,以斯役終,不(bu)亦(yi)善乎!非(fei)其器而盈之(zhi),求毀之(zhi)道也(ye)。吾于(yu)賢何罪焉。
蔡東藩:董(dong)賢則以色見幸,且舉妻妹而并進之,無惑乎其得君益(yi)甚,受寵益(yi)隆(long)也!