芒果视频

主要經歷

宋(song)(song)(song)(song)寧宗慶元四年(nian)（1198年(nian)）十(shi)月十(shi)六日，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)(wan)里生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)今(jin)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西省都昌縣陽峰鄉(xiang)(xiang)共升府(fu)(fu)前村，名(ming)(ming)臨，字子(zi)遠(yuan)，號古(gu)心，萬(wan)(wan)里是(shi)(shi)其出仕后(hou)(hou)的(de)用名(ming)(ming)。與(yu)弟江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)(wan)載、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)(wan)頃因為(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)科舉高(gao)(gao)中(zhong)，且又都登仕宋(song)(song)(song)(song)庭高(gao)(gao)官(guan)(guan)，最后(hou)(hou)又先(xian)后(hou)(hou)殉(xun)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，被時人和(he)后(hou)(hou)世(shi)雅稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)“三古(gu)”或江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)氏(shi)“三昆玉”。南宋(song)(song)(song)(song)著名(ming)(ming)愛國(guo)(guo)(guo)丞相，民族英雄，是(shi)(shi)南宋(song)(song)(song)(song)末(mo)年(nian)仕林(lin)和(he)文(wen)壇領袖，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)十(shi)三世(shi)紀著名(ming)(ming)的(de)政治家(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)教育家(jia)(jia)(jia)。一(yi)人獨自創立三所高(gao)(gao)等學府(fu)(fu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)古(gu)今(jin)中(zhong)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)第一(yi)人，尤(you)其是(shi)(shi)其所創辦的(de)白鷺洲書院(yuan)(yuan)，延(yan)續千年(nian)，在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)科舉時代(dai)共培(pei)養(yang)出文(wen)天祥等十(shi)七(qi)位狀元，2700多(duo)(duo)名(ming)(ming)進士，書院(yuan)(yuan)所在的(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西吉(ji)安科舉中(zhong)選(xuan)人數幾(ji)近此后(hou)(hou)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)千年(nian)科舉的(de)一(yi)半，被稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)千年(nian)“文(wen)章節(jie)義之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邦”為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)古(gu)代(dai)書院(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)(wan)里為(wei)(wei)(wei)官(guan)(guan)清廉(lian)，敢言直諫，無論(lun)朝(chao)官(guan)(guan)還是(shi)(shi)放任地方(fang)府(fu)(fu)省均政績斐(fei)然，為(wei)(wei)(wei)官(guan)(guan)府(fu)(fu)和(he)百(bai)姓(xing)所稱道；一(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)雖屢(lv)受權(quan)(quan)奸排擠，屢(lv)遭(zao)罷貶，而始(shi)終不(bu)(bu)畏權(quan)(quan)奸，不(bu)(bu)泯憂國(guo)(guo)(guo)愛民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心；在南宋(song)(song)(song)(song)末(mo)民族矛盾激化，國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)危難之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際，始(shi)則“手培(pei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)本(ben)，力濟時艱”，“但見(jian)拳拳于(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)事，未嘗汲汲于(yu)身(shen)謀”，“極力破權(quan)(quan)門(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死(si)黨，奮身(shen)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)善(shan)類之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)齊盟，精白一(yi)心，創切(qie)百(bai)奏，風彩聳聞于(yu)列辟，霜棱愈棱于(yu)內臺，其序升橫榻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)班，以(yi)(yi)(yi)增重(zhong)本(ben)朝(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勢(shi)”，“以(yi)(yi)(yi)淳心正學，輔(fu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)視政，起賢遠(yuan)識(shi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)時奇艾，若朝(chao)廷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)典章，軍國(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機務，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)休戚，政治之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)得失，皆常履而知矣”當(dang)其窮盡(jin)(jin)一(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，年(nian)老體弱(ruo)，無力補天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，則“從容坐(zuo)守(shou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)民望”“死(si)不(bu)(bu)離城”繼(ji)而“去生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)就死(si)，義節(jie)忠(zhong)肝(gan)”恨“生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面被執，為(wei)(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恥(chi)”，“憤國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)云(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亡，恥(chi)腥膻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)移(yi)，雖神林(lin)故鄉(xiang)(xiang)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)終其天年(nian)，旦不(bu)(bu)肯為(wei)(wei)(wei)，而況于(yu)屈身(shen)事虜者哉！”最終“左(zuo)右攜孫，自為(wei)(wei)(wei)紛(fen)紛(fen)，父(fu)忠(zhong)子(zi)孝(xiao)，兄貞弟烈(lie)，天義婦順，笑赴止水(shui)”“從之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者同知君，積尸如疊(die)，不(bu)(bu)審其偕(xie)老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)媛，而婢仆亦爭以(yi)(yi)(yi)盡(jin)(jin)”。在國(guo)(guo)(guo)破家(jia)(jia)(jia)亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)際，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)(wan)里與(yu)其子(zi)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)鎬，毅然率180多(duo)(duo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)人投止水(shui)池殉(xun)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，希(xi)望以(yi)(yi)(yi)自己及家(jia)(jia)(jia)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死(si)喚醒“天下忠(zhong)義節(jie)烈(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士聞風而起，聚集萬(wan)(wan)千眾(zhong)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力，保江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)山社稷不(bu)(bu)移(yi)腥膻，道德(de)文(wen)章不(bu)(bu)墮宇內”，其一(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)堪稱古(gu)今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)完人，千古(gu)道德(de)風范之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)楷模。

貢獻影響

宋(song)嘉(jia)定十五年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1222年(nian)(nian)(nian)），江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)貢入大學，太(tai)子趙昀（宋(song)理(li)宗(zong)）極為(wei)(wei)賞識(shi)，曾書“江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)”三(san)(san)字于幾硯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)。寶(bao)慶(qing)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1226年(nian)(nian)(nian)）以舍選(xuan)登(deng)進士第(di)，所作(zuo)策論(lun)，《郭子儀單騎見虎》文(wen)中(zhong)表露對郭子儀的膽識(shi)和愛國情(qing)(qing)操(cao)仰慕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)(qing)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)考(kao)官(guan)(guan)(guan)閱卷為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)情(qing)(qing)，欣然批道：“立意新(xin)而措詞妙，高古(gu)文(wen)也。”寶(bao)慶(qing)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，以舍選(xuan)出身，任池州教(jiao)授。后(hou)召館試，歷任著(zhu)作(zuo)佐郎，權尚(shang)左郎官(guan)(guan)(guan)兼(jian)(jian)(jian)樞密院(yuan)(yuan)檢詳文(wen)字。嘉(jia)熙四年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1240年(nian)(nian)(nian)）出知(zhi)吉州軍(jun)(jun)，其(qi)所作(zuo)《勸農詩》云：“父老前來(lai)吾(wu)語(yu)爾，官(guan)(guan)(guan)民相近(jin)古(gu)遺(yi)風(feng)。欲知(zhi)太(tai)守樂其(qi)樂，樂在(zai)田(tian)家歡笑(xiao)中(zhong)。”從政(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余，特別熱(re)心教(jiao)育。淳(chun)(chun)祜元年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1241年(nian)(nian)(nian)）于吉州州治廬陵縣城東(dong)贛(gan)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，創建白鷺(lu)(lu)州書院(yuan)(yuan)，廣(guang)泛收(shou)藏(zang)圖書，收(shou)授門徒(tu)(tu)(tu)。奏聞朝(chao)廷，理(li)宗(zong)御書賜(si)匾(bian)(bian)額(e)(e)“白鷺(lu)(lu)州書院(yuan)(yuan)”。當時(shi)書院(yuan)(yuan)沒有另任山長，他自主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)其(qi)事，自為(wei)(wei)諸(zhu)(zhu)生講(jiang)(jiang)授，忘其(qi)為(wei)(wei)大府。后(hou)人(ren)為(wei)(wei)他立碑(bei)，表彰他的辦學功道：江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)創白鷺(lu)(lu)書院(yuan)(yuan)，使(shi)(shi)“縉紳(shen)（即官(guan)(guan)(guan)宦代(dai)稱）德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，吏民憐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，悍(han)卒（勇猛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)）化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。第(di)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，遷(qian)(qian)直(zhi)秘閣，知(zhi)隆興府，又(you)(you)在(zai)隆興府建宗(zong)濂精舍，廣(guang)聚生徒(tu)(tu)(tu)，講(jiang)(jiang)學其(qi)中(zhong)。奏聞朝(chao)廷，理(li)宗(zong)又(you)(you)親賜(si)書御書匾(bian)(bian)額(e)(e)。這期間(jian)，他還(huan)囑告南安知(zhi)軍(jun)(jun)林壽(shou)公在(zai)其(qi)軍(jun)(jun)治大庾縣源三(san)(san)先生祠（祀周敦(dun)頤(yi)，程頤(yi)，程顥(hao)）擴建為(wei)(wei)周程書院(yuan)(yuan)。因辦學成(cheng)績卓著(zhu)，于淳(chun)(chun)祜三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)遷(qian)(qian)考(kao)功郎官(guan)(guan)(guan)，兼(jian)(jian)(jian)直(zhi)秘閣，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)管健康府崇禧(xi)觀(guan)。不(bu)(bu)久，改(gai)任紹興府千秋鳴(ming)禧(xi)觀(guan)，后(hou)又(you)(you)以駕部郎官(guan)(guan)(guan)召，遷(qian)(qian)尚(shang)右兼(jian)(jian)(jian)侍講(jiang)(jiang)。五年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1245年(nian)(nian)(nian)）三(san)(san)月(yue)(yue)，與理(li)宗(zong)談論(lun)諸(zhu)(zhu)事得(de)失，曾說(shuo)：“君(jun)子只知(zhi)有事非，不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)有利害。”他秉性耿直(zhi)，剛正不(bu)(bu)阿(a)，十一(yi)月(yue)(yue)上書彈劾林光遷(qian)(qian)等依權附勢(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)。十二(er)月(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)顧主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)降派反對，勸說(shuo)理(li)宗(zong)啟用趙葵主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)持兵事，陳韋單主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)持財政(zheng)(zheng)，使(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)戰派一(yi)度得(de)以執掌朝(chao)政(zheng)(zheng)，為(wei)(wei)此屢遭主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)降派攻(gong)擊。六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，他升(sheng)遷(qian)(qian)監察御史兼(jian)(jian)(jian)侍講(jiang)(jiang)，未(wei)幾，又(you)(you)升(sheng)殿中(zhong)侍御史。這時(shi)的江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)，“器望清峻，論(lun)議風(feng)采(cai)，傾動(dong)于時(shi)。”但(dan)忤者嫉妒(du)，謗言(yan)興起，言(yan)其(qi)母(mu)病未(wei)能及時(shi)到家送終，使(shi)(shi)其(qi)遭受酷罰(fa)，坐廢十二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)。

寶祐三年(nian)（1255年(nian)），由于陸德興為(wei)江萬里辨(bian)白而得以(yi)啟用，任(ren)福(fu)建轉運使。開慶元(yuan)年(nian)（1259年(nian)）正月(yue)，投入京湖(hu)宣撫大使賈(jia)(jia)(jia)似道(dao)幕下(xia)任(ren)參謀官。十月(yue)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)似道(dao)入相，萬里同時入朝兼(jian)國子(zi)監祭灑，侍讀。景(jing)定(ding)元(yuan)年(nian)（1260年(nian)）入對。遷(qian)刑部(bu)侍郎。不(bu)久(jiu)(jiu)，升(sheng)吏部(bu)尚書。次年(nian)（1261年(nian)）。進遷(qian)端明殿學士(shi)，同簽(qian)書樞密院(yuan)院(yuan)事(shi)兼(jian)太子(zi)賓客。這(zhe)年(nian)，萬里已年(nian)逾六十，是賈(jia)(jia)(jia)似道(dao)府(fu)中之任(ren)職最久(jiu)(jiu)者。他開始雖(sui)府(fu)仰(yang)默客，為(wei)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)似道(dao)所用，但他秉性耿直(zhi)，臨事(shi)不(bu)能(neng)無言(yan)。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)似道(dao)惡（討厭）其輕發（輕率，說話不(bu)夠慎重），經(jing)常觸怒賈(jia)(jia)(jia)似道(dao)，故第(di)每次都不(bu)能(neng)久(jiu)(jiu)在其位。這(zhe)年(nian)。又因言(yan)論(lun)而被解職，只以(yi)端明殿學士(shi)提臨安府(fu)洞霄宮。至(zhi)景(jing)定(ding)四年(nian)，才以(yi)原職出任(ren)福(fu)州(zhou)知州(zhou)兼(jian)福(fu)建安撫使。

景定(ding)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)十一(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)，宋(song)度(du)宗即位(wei)，詔(zhao)求(qiu)直言善諫之士(shi)，召江萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)回行(xing)都(dou)臨安。咸(xian)(xian)淳(chun)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1265年(nian)(nian)(nian)）二月(yue)(yue)(yue)，任萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)同(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)樞密院(yuan)事，兼(jian)參(can)知(zhi)(zhi)政事，又(you)(you)(you)與賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)同(tong)朝。賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)擅政后(hou)，位(wei)極人臣，極力推行(xing)賣(mai)國張，使(shi)疆土(tu)日削(xue)，國勢日危，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)能耐何，便于同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)七月(yue)(yue)(yue)，奏請歸田，未允。十二月(yue)(yue)(yue)，賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)辭職(zhi)要挾度(du)宗，宋(song)度(du)宗涕泣，欲拜(bai)留，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)當(dang)即以身掖帝云(yun)：“自(zi)古無此(ci)君臣禮，陛下不(bu)(bu)可拜(bai)。”又(you)(you)(you)一(yi)次觸怒了(le)賈(jia)。帝在講筵，每問經(jing)史及古人姓名，賈(jia)不(bu)(bu)能對，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)常從(cong)旁代答，使(shi)賈(jia)積怒而(er)謀逐(zhu)出萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)。江萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)與賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)每每相(xiang)忤，不(bu)(bu)得已四次上書求(qiu)退，于咸(xian)(xian)淳(chun)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)出知(zhi)(zhi)太平州兼(jian)江東轉運使(shi)，后(hou)又(you)(you)(you)轉湖(hu)南任安撫大使(shi)，咸(xian)(xian)淳(chun)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)，又(you)(you)(you)自(zi)湖(hu)南召拜(bai)參(can)知(zhi)(zhi)政事，封南康郡公，剛到(dao)任，又(you)(you)(you)拜(bai)左丞相(xiang)兼(jian)樞密使(shi)。六年(nian)(nian)(nian)，蒙古軍圍攻襄陽，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)屢請派援(yuan)軍救護，賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)許，于是萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)又(you)(you)(you)因此(ci)被委以觀(guan)文殿(dian)大學(xue)士(shi)出知(zhi)(zhi)福(fu)州兼(jian)福(fu)建安撫大使(shi)，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)堅持，依舊職(zhi)提舉洞霄宮。

咸(xian)淳(chun)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1274），元兵(bing)大(da)(da)(da)舉渡(du)江，江萬(wan)里(li)聞(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)，泰(tai)然處之(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)走不(bu)(bu)(bu)逃。憤(fen)而(er)怒曰：“大(da)(da)(da)勢不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)支，余雖不(bu)(bu)(bu)在位，當與(yu)宋嘉(jia)定十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1222年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），江萬(wan)里(li)貢(gong)入大(da)(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)，太子(zi)趙昀（宋理宗）極為(wei)賞(shang)識，曾書(shu)(shu)“江萬(wan)里(li)”三字于(yu)幾硯之(zhi)(zhi)間。寶慶二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1226年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）以(yi)(yi)舍選登進(jin)士第，所作策論，《郭子(zi)儀單(dan)騎(qi)見虎(hu)》文(wen)中(zhong)表(biao)露對郭子(zi)儀的膽(dan)識和愛(ai)國情操(cao)仰慕之(zhi)(zhi)情，主(zhu)考官(guan)閱卷為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)動情，欣然批道(dao)：“立意新而(er)措(cuo)詞(ci)妙，高古文(wen)也。”寶慶六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，以(yi)(yi)舍選出身，任池州教授。后召(zhao)館試，歷任著(zhu)作佐郎，權尚(shang)左(zuo)郎官(guan)兼(jian)(jian)樞密院(yuan)檢詳文(wen)字。嘉(jia)熙四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1240年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）出知吉州軍，其(qi)所作《勸農詩》云：“父老前來吾語爾，官(guan)民(min)相近古遺風。欲知太守樂(le)其(qi)樂(le)，樂(le)在田家歡笑中(zhong)。”從政之(zhi)(zhi)余，特(te)別熱心教育(yu)。淳(chun)祜(hu)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1241年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）于(yu)吉州州治(zhi)廬陵縣城東贛(gan)江之(zhi)(zhi)心，創建白鷺(lu)州書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)，廣泛收藏圖(tu)書(shu)(shu)，收授門(men)徒(tu)。奏(zou)聞(wen)朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)，理宗御(yu)書(shu)(shu)賜(si)匾額(e)“白鷺(lu)州書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)”。當時(shi)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)沒(mei)有(you)另任山長，他(ta)自主(zhu)其(qi)事(shi)，自為(wei)諸生講(jiang)(jiang)授，忘其(qi)為(wei)大(da)(da)(da)府(fu)。后人(ren)為(wei)他(ta)立碑，表(biao)彰他(ta)的辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)功道(dao)：江萬(wan)里(li)創白鷺(lu)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)，使“縉紳（即官(guan)宦代稱(cheng)）德之(zhi)(zhi)，吏民(min)憐之(zhi)(zhi)，悍卒（勇(yong)猛之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)）化之(zhi)(zhi)”。第二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，遷(qian)(qian)(qian)直(zhi)(zhi)秘閣，知隆興(xing)(xing)府(fu)，又(you)在隆興(xing)(xing)府(fu)建宗濂(lian)精舍，廣聚生徒(tu)，講(jiang)(jiang)學(xue)(xue)(xue)其(qi)中(zhong)。奏(zou)聞(wen)朝(chao)(chao)廷(ting)，理宗又(you)親(qin)賜(si)書(shu)(shu)御(yu)書(shu)(shu)匾額(e)。這期(qi)間，他(ta)還囑告(gao)南安(an)知軍林(lin)壽公在其(qi)軍治(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)庾(yu)縣源三先生祠（祀周(zhou)敦(dun)頤(yi)(yi)，程(cheng)頤(yi)(yi)，程(cheng)顥）擴建為(wei)周(zhou)程(cheng)書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)。因辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)成(cheng)績卓著(zhu)，于(yu)淳(chun)祜(hu)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)遷(qian)(qian)(qian)考功郎官(guan)，兼(jian)(jian)直(zhi)(zhi)秘閣，主(zhu)管(guan)健康府(fu)崇禧觀。不(bu)(bu)(bu)久，改任紹興(xing)(xing)府(fu)千秋鳴禧觀，后又(you)以(yi)(yi)駕部(bu)郎官(guan)召(zhao)，遷(qian)(qian)(qian)尚(shang)右兼(jian)(jian)侍(shi)講(jiang)(jiang)。五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1245年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）三月(yue)，與(yu)理宗談論諸事(shi)得(de)失，曾說(shuo)：“君子(zi)只知有(you)事(shi)非(fei)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)知有(you)利害(hai)。”他(ta)秉性耿直(zhi)(zhi)，剛正不(bu)(bu)(bu)阿，十(shi)一(yi)月(yue)上書(shu)(shu)彈劾林(lin)光遷(qian)(qian)(qian)等(deng)依權附(fu)勢之(zhi)(zhi)徒(tu)。十(shi)二(er)月(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)顧主(zhu)降派反對，勸說(shuo)理宗啟用趙葵主(zhu)持兵(bing)事(shi)，陳韋單(dan)主(zhu)持財政，使主(zhu)戰派一(yi)度得(de)以(yi)(yi)執掌(zhang)朝(chao)(chao)政，為(wei)此屢遭主(zhu)降派攻擊。六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，他(ta)升遷(qian)(qian)(qian)監(jian)察御(yu)史(shi)兼(jian)(jian)侍(shi)講(jiang)(jiang)，未幾，又(you)升殿中(zhong)侍(shi)御(yu)史(shi)。這時(shi)的江萬(wan)里(li)，“器望清峻，論議(yi)風采，傾動于(yu)時(shi)。”但忤者嫉(ji)妒，謗言興(xing)(xing)起，言其(qi)母病(bing)未能及時(shi)到家送終，使其(qi)遭受(shou)酷罰(fa)，坐廢十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。

寶祐三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1255年(nian)(nian)(nian)），由(you)于陸德(de)興(xing)為(wei)江萬里辨白而(er)得以啟用，任(ren)福(fu)(fu)建(jian)轉運使(shi)。開慶元年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1259年(nian)(nian)(nian)）正月(yue)，投入(ru)京(jing)湖宣撫大使(shi)賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)(dao)幕下任(ren)參謀官(guan)。十(shi)月(yue)賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)(dao)入(ru)相，萬里同(tong)(tong)時入(ru)朝兼(jian)國(guo)子(zi)監祭灑，侍(shi)(shi)讀(du)。景定元年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1260年(nian)(nian)(nian)）入(ru)對。遷刑部侍(shi)(shi)郎。不(bu)(bu)久，升吏部尚書(shu)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1261年(nian)(nian)(nian)）。進遷端(duan)明殿學(xue)士，同(tong)(tong)簽書(shu)樞密(mi)院院事(shi)兼(jian)太子(zi)賓客。這(zhe)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，萬里已(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)逾六(liu)十(shi)，是賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)(dao)府中(zhong)之任(ren)職(zhi)(zhi)最久者(zhe)。他開始(shi)雖(sui)府仰默客，為(wei)賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)(dao)所用，但他秉性耿(geng)直，臨事(shi)不(bu)(bu)能無(wu)言。賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)(dao)惡(e)（討厭）其輕發(fa)（輕率，說話不(bu)(bu)夠慎重），經(jing)常觸怒(nu)賈(jia)似道(dao)(dao)(dao)，故第每次都不(bu)(bu)能久在其位(wei)。這(zhe)年(nian)(nian)(nian)。又因言論(lun)而(er)被解職(zhi)(zhi)，只以端(duan)明殿學(xue)士提(ti)臨安府洞霄宮。至景定四年(nian)(nian)(nian)，才(cai)以原職(zhi)(zhi)出任(ren)福(fu)(fu)州知州兼(jian)福(fu)(fu)建(jian)安撫使(shi)。

景定(ding)四年(nian)十一月，宋(song)度(du)宗即(ji)位(wei)，詔求直(zhi)言善諫之士(shi)，召(zhao)江萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)回行都臨安。咸淳元(yuan)年(nian)（1265年(nian)）二月，任萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)同(tong)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樞密院事(shi)(shi)，兼參知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)事(shi)(shi)，又(you)(you)(you)與(yu)賈(jia)(jia)似(si)(si)道同(tong)朝(chao)。賈(jia)(jia)似(si)(si)道擅(shan)政(zheng)后，位(wei)極(ji)人臣，極(ji)力推行賣國(guo)張，使(shi)(shi)疆土(tu)日削(xue)，國(guo)勢(shi)日危(wei)，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)不(bu)能耐何，便于同(tong)年(nian)七月，奏請(qing)歸田(tian)，未(wei)允(yun)。十二月，賈(jia)(jia)似(si)(si)道辭(ci)職(zhi)要(yao)挾度(du)宗，宋(song)度(du)宗涕(ti)泣，欲拜留，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)當即(ji)以身掖帝(di)云：“自古(gu)無此(ci)君臣禮，陛下不(bu)可拜。”又(you)(you)(you)一次觸(chu)怒了(le)賈(jia)(jia)。帝(di)在講筵，每(mei)問經史(shi)及古(gu)人姓(xing)名，賈(jia)(jia)不(bu)能對，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)常(chang)從旁代答，使(shi)(shi)賈(jia)(jia)積怒而謀(mou)逐出萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)。江萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)與(yu)賈(jia)(jia)似(si)(si)道每(mei)每(mei)相忤，不(bu)得(de)已四次上書求退，于咸淳三年(nian)出知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)平州(zhou)兼江東轉運使(shi)(shi)，后又(you)(you)(you)轉湖南(nan)任安撫大使(shi)(shi)，咸淳五年(nian)，又(you)(you)(you)自湖南(nan)召(zhao)拜參知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)事(shi)(shi)，封(feng)南(nan)康郡公，剛到任，又(you)(you)(you)拜左(zuo)丞(cheng)相兼樞密使(shi)(shi)。六年(nian)，蒙古(gu)軍圍攻襄陽，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)屢(lv)請(qing)派援軍救護，賈(jia)(jia)似(si)(si)道不(bu)許，于是萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)又(you)(you)(you)因(yin)此(ci)被委以觀(guan)文殿(dian)大學(xue)士(shi)出知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福(fu)州(zhou)兼福(fu)建安撫大使(shi)(shi)，萬(wan)(wan)(wan)里(li)(li)堅持，依舊(jiu)職(zhi)提(ti)舉(ju)洞霄宮。

咸淳(chun)十年(nian)(nian)（1274），元(yuan)兵大舉渡(du)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，泰(tai)然處(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)走不(bu)(bu)(bu)逃(tao)。憤而怒曰(yue)：“大勢不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)支，余雖(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)位(wei)，當(dang)與國(guo)(guo)(guo)共存(cun)亡。”德祐元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)（1275），饒(rao)(rao)州(zhou)城破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日，正是江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里率子侄多(duo)人(ren)投止水自盡殉國(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)野(ye)上下為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)震動，國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)志士無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)致哀(ai)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)天(tian)祥(xiang)(xiang)更(geng)是哭(ku)曰(yue)：“星抒臺衡地(di)，斯文(wen)(wen)(wen)去矣休。湖(hu)(hu)光與天(tian)遠(yuan)，屈注(zhu)滄(cang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流。”后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)張(zhang)世杰收(shou)復(fu)饒(rao)(rao)州(zhou)，宋恭帝為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輟朝(chao)(chao)(chao)哀(ai)悼，詔(zhao)贈(zeng)太(tai)傅(fu)、益(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)公。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)加贈(zeng)太(tai)師，謚(shi)號(hao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)忠(zhong)。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)門(men)人(ren)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)學(xue)，或(huo)追隨文(wen)(wen)(wen)天(tian)祥(xiang)(xiang)起兵，或(huo)與義軍(jun)轉戰南(nan)北(bei)，或(huo)為(wei)(wei)岳麓書院(yuan)(yuan)諸生保衛潭州(zhou)，或(huo)隱(yin)匿(ni)山(shan)林屢征不(bu)(bu)(bu)出，或(huo)就教書院(yuan)(yuan)終老林泉。國(guo)(guo)(guo)共存(cun)亡。”德祐元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)（1275），饒(rao)(rao)州(zhou)城破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日，正是江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里率子侄多(duo)人(ren)投止水自盡殉國(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)野(ye)上下為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)震動，國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)志士無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)致哀(ai)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)天(tian)祥(xiang)(xiang)更(geng)是哭(ku)曰(yue)：“星抒臺衡地(di)，斯文(wen)(wen)(wen)去矣休。湖(hu)(hu)光與天(tian)遠(yuan)，屈注(zhu)滄(cang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流。”后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)張(zhang)世杰收(shou)復(fu)饒(rao)(rao)州(zhou)，宋恭帝為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輟朝(chao)(chao)(chao)哀(ai)悼，詔(zhao)贈(zeng)太(tai)傅(fu)、益(yi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)公。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)加贈(zeng)太(tai)師，謚(shi)號(hao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)忠(zhong)。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)門(men)人(ren)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)學(xue)，或(huo)追隨文(wen)(wen)(wen)天(tian)祥(xiang)(xiang)起兵，或(huo)與義軍(jun)轉戰南(nan)北(bei)，或(huo)為(wei)(wei)岳麓書院(yuan)(yuan)諸生保衛潭州(zhou)，或(huo)隱(yin)匿(ni)山(shan)林屢征不(bu)(bu)(bu)出，或(huo)就教書院(yuan)(yuan)終老林泉。

人物評價

江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)一(yi)生(sheng)歷兩朝(chao)，宦(huan)海幾度沉(chen)浮，先后(hou)任(ren)過(guo)吉州、隆興知(zhi)府(fu)、駕御郎官(guan)、尚右兼(jian)(jian)侍讀(du)、監察御史(shi)、右正言(yan)殿(dian)中待(dai)御史(shi)、左丞相兼(jian)(jian)樞(shu)密(mi)使，但他無(wu)論是(shi)位(wei)(wei)高(gao)(gao)權重還是(shi)貶(bian)謫(zhe)期間，始終(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)忘愛國，正所謂“屆(jie)廟(miao)堂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)(gao)，則(ze)憂其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君；處江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)湖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遠(yuan)，則(ze)憂其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)民”。南(nan)宋(song)(song)理宗時(shi)，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)任(ren)待(dai)御史(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)母(mu)病危，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)因(yin)公(gong)務繁(fan)(fan)忙不(bu)(bu)(bu)能脫身，只是(shi)派其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)弟回家探望(wang)，當(dang)他親自(zi)(zi)返家里(li)(li)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)母(mu)已病故。這時(shi)，朝(chao)中有(you)人(ren)誹議說(shuo)他“不(bu)(bu)(bu)忠不(bu)(bu)(bu)孝”，這在(zai)當(dang)時(shi)可是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)的(de)罪狀，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)因(yin)此在(zai)家賦閑(xian)12年。宋(song)(song)度宗即位(wei)(wei)，度宗念江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遠(yuan)見卓(zhuo)識，任(ren)命他擔任(ren)同(tong)知(zhi)樞(shu)密(mi)院(yuan)事(shi)兼(jian)(jian)參知(zhi)政(zheng)事(shi)，逢權臣(chen)賈(jia)(jia)似道得寵，與(yu)賈(jia)(jia)曲阿(a)(a)逢迎不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)因(yin)剛直不(bu)(bu)(bu)阿(a)(a)而為賈(jia)(jia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)容(rong)，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)被(bei)再(zai)次(ci)罷官(guan)。南(nan)宋(song)(song)將亡，宋(song)(song)度宗再(zai)次(ci)想起曾(ceng)被(bei)自(zi)(zi)己譽為“國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱石(shi)”的(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)，遂任(ren)命江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)為左丞相兼(jian)(jian)樞(shu)密(mi)院(yuan)使。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)一(yi)身領兩府(fu)，加上時(shi)局維(wei)艱，公(gong)務更(geng)為繁(fan)(fan)忙。因(yin)湖北襄(xiang)陽(yang)被(bei)元兵圍(wei)困，臨安危在(zai)旦夕（軍事(shi)家有(you)“襄(xiang)陽(yang)破，南(nan)宋(song)(song)亡”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)），江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)力主抗元，提出(chu)襄(xiang)陽(yang)解圍(wei)良策，與(yu)賈(jia)(jia)似道相抵觸被(bei)再(zai)度罷官(guan)。罷官(guan)賦閑(xian)后(hou)的(de)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)萬(wan)里(li)(li)對(dui)前來探望(wang)的(de)學生(sheng)文天(tian)祥執(zhi)手(shou)相看(kan)淚(lei)眼，囑予(yu)國事(shi)并寄予(yu)殷切的(de)希(xi)望(wang)。

作為(wei)著名學者，史(shi)書(shu)稱江(jiang)萬里(li)(li)“問學德望(wang)，優于(yu)諸臣”，“議論(lun)風采，傾動一(yi)(yi)時”，是歷史(shi)公(gong)(gong)認(ren)的(de)與歐陽修、司馬(ma)光(guang)齊(qi)名的(de)歷史(shi)文(wen)化名人(ren)，文(wen)天(tian)祥(xiang)稱江(jiang)萬里(li)(li)“都范（范仲俺）、馬(ma)（司馬(ma)光(guang)）之望(wang)于(yu)一(yi)(yi)身”。文(wen)天(tian)祥(xiang)曾在(zai)《賀(he)江(jiang)左丞相(xiang)除湖南安(an)撫使判潭(tan)洲》一(yi)(yi)文(wen)中(zhong)對江(jiang)萬里(li)(li)的(de)學問名節有過(guo)精彩的(de)評述：“……修名偉節，以日月為(wei)明，泰(tai)山為(wei)高(gao)；奧學精言，為(wei)天(tian)地立心，生民立命(ming)……”江(jiang)萬里(li)(li)壯烈殉國后，門生劉辰翁（著名愛國詩人(ren)）在(zai)《江(jiang)文(wen)忠公(gong)(gong)祠堂記》中(zhong)說：“自斯文(wen)一(yi)(yi)變而(er)至(zhi)(zhi)歐公(gong)(gong)，再變而(er)至(zhi)(zhi)先生……其好(hao)士似(si)歐公(gong)(gong)”論(lun)諫似(si)歐公(gong)(gong)，變文(wen)體似(si)歐公(gong)(gong)，而(er)又(you)得(de)謚似(si)歐公(gong)(gong)”。

作為(wei)書(shu)(shu)院教(jiao)育家，江萬(wan)里依然成就斐然。他先后(hou)創(chuang)辦了白鷺洲書(shu)(shu)院、道源書(shu)(shu)院、宗濂精舍等三所書(shu)(shu)院，就是在被貶(bian)期間還(huan)被邀請到安徽黟縣石鼓寺(si)講學。江萬(wan)里一(yi)生(sheng)獎掖人才，培養(yang)出了一(yi)批(pi)以(yi)文天(tian)祥為(wei)代表的(de)杰出人士，另外還(huan)有劉(liu)(liu)南圃、劉(liu)(liu)辰翁、歐陽(yang)守道、鄧光薦等都是他的(de)學生(sheng)。