俞和(he)(1307-1382)。字子中,號紫(zi)芝(芝生),晚號紫(zi)芝老(lao)人。桐江(今浙江桐廬)人,寓居(ju)錢塘(tang)(今杭州)。
沖澹安恬(tian),隱居(ju)不仕。能詩(shi),喜(xi)書(shu)翰,早年得(de)見趙孟(meng)頫運(yun)筆(bi)之法,后返臨(lin)晉、唐名(ming)家碑帖(tie)。行(xing)、草(cao)書(shu),秀(xiu)雅(ya)挺勁,酷肖(xiao)孟(meng)頫。楷書(shu)高古風雅(ya),頗有晉人風度。明(ming)桑悅云(yun):“紫芝所書(shu),深得(de)松(song)雪筆(bi)意,而(er)圭角(jiao)稍露,比(bi)之松(song)雪,正如獻之于羲之也。”行(xing)、草(cao)逼真孟(meng)俯,好事者得(de)其書(shu),每(mei)用趙款識,倉(cang)卒莫能辨。洪武(wu)(wu)初(chu),以書(shu)名(ming)于時。至正四年(公元(yuan)1344)題李唐《關山行(xing)旅圖》,故(gu)宮(gong)博物院藏有其二(er)十(shi)年(公元(yuan)1360)於黃岡之康園(yuan)所臨(lin)定武(wu)(wu)蘭(lan)亭。
附上俞和墓志,出處(chu):欽定四庫全書 始豐稿巻十三(明)徐一夔 撰 ○墓志銘(書法江湖聽梧閣提(ti)供)
俞子中墓碣
錢塘俞子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)塟也(ye)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)于(yu)(yu)茲矣,而(er)(er)志(zhi)墓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi)未樹,其(qi)(qi)友有(you)(you)為潭府(fu)臣僚者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)臨池之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好,取子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)遺墨(mo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)獻王(wang)(wang)(wang),既覽,若(ruo)曰(yue),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)予而(er)(er)觀其(qi)(qi)筆(bi)意(yi),亦(yi)足以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)發,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可使(shi)此人泯焉(yan)無(wu)聞,王(wang)(wang)(wang)適遣(qian)使(shi)如(ru)(ru)浙(zhe),因賜鈔(chao)若(ruo)干貫俾其(qi)(qi)家,為石(shi)刻(ke)費,使(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)既至,召(zhao)其(qi)(qi)孤授之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其(qi)(qi)孤既西向拜受,乃(nai)來(lai)謁余請銘,余與子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)交游(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誼,固不(bu)(bu)(bu)得而(er)(er)辭,矧遇(yu)賢王(wang)(wang)(wang)貤恩於(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)既歿(mo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後(hou),誠希遇(yu)也(ye),扵(yu)凡文翰(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,亦(yi)與有(you)(you)光,何敢不(bu)(bu)(bu)銘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哉,子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)為人,不(bu)(bu)(bu)尚表襮與俗,浮(fu)湛若(ruo)玩(wan)世,然少時得見趙文敏公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)用筆(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa),極力工書(shu),書(shu)日(ri)益有(you)(you)名,篆楷(kai)行(xing)草,各臻于(yu)(yu)妙(miao),一(yi)紙出,戱用文敏公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)私印,識之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人莫(mo)能辨其(qi)(qi)真(zhen)贗,至其(qi)(qi)臨摹(mo)晉唐(tang)人法(fa)書(shu),尤(you)稱妙(miao)絕(jue),髙堂廣(guang)廈,風日(ri)清美(mei),賔(bin)友會集,酒數行(xing)後(hou),濡筆(bi)伸(shen)紙,一(yi)揮數十(shi)行(xing),波(bo)戈趯磔,轉換(huan)神速,真(zhen)有(you)(you)驚虵入草,飛鳥出林之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)態,已乃(nai)停(ting)筆(bi)按紙,詫(cha)眾(zhong)客曰(yue),顛長史不(bu)(bu)(bu)我過也(ye),人爭購之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為珍(zhen)玩(wan),而(er)(er)雅不(bu)(bu)(bu)樂仕(shi)進,至正(zheng)初,朝廷(ting)修遼金宋三史成書(shu),移(yi)文江浙(zhe)行(xing)省,繕(shan)寫(xie)鏤版,遣(qian)翰(han)林應奉(feng)張公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)翥來(lai)視(shi)工,而(er)(er)行(xing)省叅知政事(shi)秦(qin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)從德任(ren)程督(du)事(shi),既開局,集儒生繕(shan)寫(xie),張公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)謂秦(qin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)曰(yue),此朝廷(ting)盛典,字(zi)畫(hua)懼不(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)(ru)式,宜得精書(shu)法(fa)如(ru)(ru)俞子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)校正(zheng),秦(qin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),即日(ri)命有(you)(you)司奉(feng)幣請子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)入局,如(ru)(ru)式校正(zheng),時行(xing)省得自除未入流(liu)官,既竣事(shi),秦(qin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)擬(ni)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)學校官處之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)固謝(xie)曰(yue),某以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)國(guo)家有(you)(you)文事(shi),効薄勞(lao)耳,不(bu)(bu)(bu)愿仕(shi)也(ye),秦(qin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)髙志(zhi).亦(yi)弗彊(qiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),當(dang)是時,文章巨家如(ru)(ru)黃文獻公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)溍,陳監(jian)丞旅,前後(hou)相繼為江浙(zhe)提學,每為文脫藁,必致子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)書(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),一(yi)時名勝亦(yi)莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)與子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)游(you),而(er)(er)方外髙士若(ruo)勾曲(qu)外史張公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)伯(bo)雨,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辭翰(han)名世,與子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)徃來(lai)尤(you)宻,壬辰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亂,避地隣(lin)縣(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)黃岡,嘯(xiao)傲(ao)于(yu)(yu)海風山月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閑者(zhe)(zhe),久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),比還(huan)故(gu)廬,故(gu)舊雕謝(xie),出門四顧,無(wu)復向時繁華,苐(yi)見山青水綠,則俛(mian)首蹙(cu)額,感慨系之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),呼酒獨酌,賦近體詩歌長短句,援筆(bi)書(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寫(xie)其(qi)(qi)無(wu)聊(liao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)思,而(er)(er)其(qi)(qi)草圣猶飛動如(ru)(ru)初,其(qi)(qi)居有(you)(you)醉墨(mo)軒,嘗屬余記之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),余未及(ji)為而(er)(er)竟銘其(qi)(qi)墓上之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)石(shi),悲(bei)哉,子(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)諱和,別號(hao)紫芝生,本(ben)嚴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桐廬人,自其(qi)(qi)父(fu)章游(you)錢塘,因家焉(yan),娶楊氏,先十(shi)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)卒,子(zi)(zi)(zi)男三,長琮次璂次珩,女三,長適趙仁本(ben),次皆適士族,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)洪(hong)武十(shi)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)三月七日(ri)卒,享年(nian)七十(shi)有(you)(you)六,卒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月十(shi)又七日(ri),塟于(yu)(yu)其(qi)(qi)縣(xian)南山仙(xian)芝塢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原,銘曰(yue)有(you)(you)德有(you)(you)藝(yi),泊焉(yan)自守,不(bu)(bu)(bu)遇(yu)於(wu)生前,而(er)(er)遇(yu)於(wu)死後(hou),豈其(qi)(qi)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)薄,故(gu)其(qi)(qi)發之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)厚(hou),理有(you)(you)固然,又何足究,有(you)(you)石(shi)如(ru)(ru)圭,永貽(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)朽。
再附友人贈俞和詩:(書法江湖field_tian提供(gong))
一翦梅(mei) 壽俞子中紫之(疑為芝)(元 凌(ling)云翰)
蒼顏白發稱烏(wu)紗(sha)。瘦似(si)黃花(hua)。清似(si)梅花(hua)。窗吟山月(yue)樂無(wu)涯(ya)。知(zhi)是儒家。知(zhi)是仙家。
紫芝服食勝(sheng)胡麻。不愛(ai)繁(fan)華。卻愛(ai)年(nian)華。詞成筆底是龍蛇(she)。壽酒(jiu)流霞。壽□成霞。
題醉(zui)墨堂,為桐江俞(yu)子中賦(fu)(明 張(zhang)昱 可(ke)閑老人(ren)集卷一,四(si)庫全書本)
世(shi)稱草(cao)圣惟張旭,氣在神(shen)先從所欲。醉來捉筆走風雷,電掣長云夜相(xiang)逐(zhu)。
健於大(da)野戰蛟龍,媚似輕波(bo)浴鴻鵠(hu)。由唐(tang)至今幾百年,筆(bi)法竟(jing)爾(er)失其(qi)傳。
芝翁乃(nai)若神所授,亦以醉墨題堂前。晴絲罥空(kong)王(wang)逸少(shao),生蛇絆樹(shu)黃庭堅。
筆(bi)法(fa)不(bu)必問高閑,筆(bi)勢不(bu)必詢(xun)懷素。縱(zong)橫遲(chi)疾心自(zi)知,曾(ceng)見公孫大娘舞。
故宮(gong)博物院(yuan)藏(zang)有(you)墨(mo)跡《篆(zhuan)(zhuan)隸(li)千(qian)字(zi)(zi)文冊》及(ji)自書(shu)(shu)(shu)詩(shi)卷和臨(lin)張芝帖(tie)等。《篆(zhuan)(zhuan)隸(li)千(qian)字(zi)(zi)文》是其篆(zhuan)(zhuan)書(shu)(shu)(shu)和隸(li)書(shu)(shu)(shu)分體(ti)間書(shu)(shu)(shu)的書(shu)(shu)(shu)法杰(jie)作。紙本(ben)墨(mo)跡摺裱(biao)冊頁(ye)。每(mei)(mei)幅縱21厘(li)米(mi),橫(heng)24.7厘(li)米(mi)。現藏(zang)臺北故宮(gong)博物院(yuan)。凡37頁(ye),295行(xing),正文每(mei)(mei)行(xing)7字(zi)(zi),首(shou)尾(wei)之題字(zi)(zi)每(mei)(mei)行(xing)字(zi)(zi)數(shu)不一(yi),共計(ji)2063字(zi)(zi)。款署(shu)“天(tian)爵賢(xian)良嗜予篆(zhuan)(zhuan)隸(li),因書(shu)(shu)(shu)此(ci)為贈。時至正甲(jia)午歲冬(dong)十(shi)一(yi)月三日也。清(qing)隱散(san)人俞(yu)(yu)和識。”此(ci)冊為元順帝至正十(shi)四年(公(gong)元1354)俞(yu)(yu)和四十(shi)八歲時所書(shu)(shu)(shu)。此(ci)篆(zhuan)(zhuan)隸(li)《千(qian)字(zi)(zi)文》,書(shu)(shu)(shu)法結構簡練(lian)隨意而(er)無匠(jiang)氣(qi)(qi),筆秀雅而(er)挺勁,與(yu)世流行(xing)之六(liu)體(ti)千(qian)字(zi)(zi)文比較(jiao),自有(you)書(shu)(shu)(shu)卷氣(qi)(qi)。冊上有(you)清(qing)內府鑒(jian)藏(zang)印九(jiu)方,并(bing)有(you)河南商丘陳(chen)氏收藏(zang)之印多方。《石渠寶笈三編》著錄(lu)。
明王(wang)世貞《題(ti)俞紫(zi)芝(zhi)急就章(zhang)》:“子(zi)中獨能尋(xun)考遺(yi)則于斷墨殘楮,遂與仲(zhong)溫并驅。”(仲(zhong)溫,明書(shu)(shu)家宋克(ke),號南(nan)宮生,俞和字號紫(zi)芝(zhi)生,是(shi)以為(wei)記。書(shu)(shu)法江湖處(chu)天輯)
明桑悅(yue)評:“紫(zi)芝所書(shu),深得松雪筆意,而(er)圭角稍(shao)露,比之(zhi)松雪正如獻之(zhi)之(zhi)于羲之(zhi)也”