周(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)粉條(tiao),四川省資陽市(shi)安岳縣(xian)周(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)鎮(zhen)特產(chan)(chan)。周(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)粉條(tiao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)歷史悠久,所(suo)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的紅苕粉條(tiao)銀白透明、絲條(tiao)勻(yun)稱、味道(dao)鮮美、便貯耐煮、回鍋不(bu)爛,十分暢(chang)銷。主(zhu)要生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區域(yu)為(wei)安岳縣(xian)周(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)鎮(zhen)、寶華鄉(xiang)(xiang)、千佛鄉(xiang)(xiang)、龍橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)、拱橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)勛鄉(xiang)(xiang)6個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)。為(wei)中國國家地理標(biao)志保(bao)護產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。
淵源傳說
傳說,安岳縣仙人山有(you)個(ge)白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong),他(ta)在明朝末年考取了(le)(le)翰林。看到(dao)同科進士向皇(huang)(huang)帝(di)和吏部官(guan)(guan)員送(song)了(le)(le)奇珍異(yi)寶,都當(dang)官(guan)(guan)了(le)(le),自己(ji)還沒有(you)著落,心里特(te)別著急。他(ta)左思右想(xiang),終于(yu)(yu)有(you)了(le)(le)主(zhu)意(yi)。于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)請假回家,找(zhao)來粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)手(shou)藝好的(de)人,選了(le)(le)上(shang)等紅(hong)苕(tiao)(tiao)磨的(de)粉(fen)(fen),做成紅(hong)苕(tiao)(tiao)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao),帶進京去,獻(xian)給皇(huang)(huang)帝(di),謊稱此(ci)寶叫“仙人吊”,說是(shi)(shi)有(you)一(yi)天(tian)夜(ye)晚自己(ji)到(dao)青城(cheng)山游玩的(de)時候,遇到(dao)一(yi)個(ge)白(bai)(bai)胡子仙人送(song)的(de),自己(ji)不敢私用(yong),獻(xian)給皇(huang)(huang)上(shang)品嘗。皇(huang)(huang)上(shang)一(yi)聽是(shi)(shi)青城(cheng)山仙人所贈(zeng),十分(fen)高(gao)興,立(li)即吩咐御廚烹調。一(yi)吃,還真不錯,味道特(te)鮮美(mei),簡(jian)直(zhi)就是(shi)(shi)稀世珍肴,皇(huang)(huang)上(shang)認為白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong)忠心可嘉,于(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)立(li)即頒布圣旨,委任白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong)為蒙(meng)陽(yang)知府。事(shi)后(hou),白(bai)(bai)仕(shi)(shi)仲(zhong)怕(pa)此(ci)事(shi)泄漏出(chu)去,自己(ji)被治個(ge)欺(qi)君之罪,便賞(shang)給做紅(hong)苕(tiao)(tiao)粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)的(de)手(shou)藝人很多銀子,并威(wei)脅(xie)他(ta)們不得泄漏這個(ge)秘密。那些手(shou)藝人得了(le)(le)好處,果真守口如瓶,沒有(you)泄漏半(ban)句,直(zhi)到(dao)新中國成立(li)后(hou),他(ta)們的(de)后(hou)人才開始用(yong)紅(hong)苕(tiao)(tiao)做成粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)讓人一(yi)飽口福。
生產條件
紅(hong)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)(又名紅(hong)苕(tiao)、甘薯(shu)(shu)(shu)、白薯(shu)(shu)(shu))是一種古(gu)老的薯(shu)(shu)(shu)類作(zuo)物,種植(zhi)過程中幾乎未施農(nong)藥,化(hua)肥也(ye)用(yong)得(de)少;因含粗纖維,對防止便(bian)秘、抗癌,防止心(xin)血管等(deng)疾病有(you)獨特作(zuo)用(yong),被譽為“天(tian)然綠色食品”和“最佳營(ying)養保健品”。民間素有(you)用(yong)紅(hong)苕(tiao)加工淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen),再把淀(dian)(dian)粉(fen)(fen)加工成粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)的習慣和經驗。安岳縣屬淺丘地區(qu)、農(nong)業大縣、人口大縣,紅(hong)苕(tiao)常(chang)(chang)年種植(zhi)面積60萬畝,常(chang)(chang)年產(chan)量16億斤以上。從1821年-1850年(清(qing)朝道(dao)光)時期,周(zhou)禮(li)鎮就(jiu)有(you)了加工粉(fen)(fen)條(tiao)的歷史,其產(chan)品細嫩(nen)柔和、耐煮、口感好,享譽海內外。聯(lian)合(he)國世界(jie)糧農(nong)組織(zhi)馬鈴(ling)薯(shu)(shu)(shu)考察中心(xin)多(duo)次來(lai)周(zhou)禮(li)考察,并給予了高度評(ping)價。
生產情況
安(an)岳縣周禮鎮(zhen)素(su)有薯鄉之稱,紅(hong)薯加(jia)工(gong)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條已有上百年歷史(shi),所(suo)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)各(ge)類粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條、粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)絲(si)、淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)暢銷中國各(ge)地。從20世紀(ji)70年代開始,周禮就將自(zi)產(chan)的(de)(de)鮮紅(hong)苕(tiao)40%加(jia)工(gong)成粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條,年產(chan)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條100余萬公斤。隨(sui)著產(chan)品(pin)質量(liang)的(de)(de)提高,周禮粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條日漸揚(yang)名,銷售(shou)量(liang)猛(meng)增,加(jia)工(gong)業也迅猛(meng)發展(zhan)。在80年代末建(jian)起了跨(kua)省粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條專業市場。
周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)生產(chan)(chan)的(de)效益,深深吸引著人們。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)鎮(zhen)于1989年(nian)(nian)集(ji)資20萬(wan)元(yuan)興建(jian)(jian)了年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)70萬(wan)斤(jin)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)苕(tiao)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)的(de)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)銀絲粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)廠(chang),實現了生產(chan)(chan)的(de)機(ji)械(xie)化(hua)和(he)半機(ji)械(xie)化(hua)。生產(chan)(chan)的(de)銀白透(tou)明、絲條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)勻稱、味道鮮美、便貯(zhu)耐煮、回鍋(guo)不爛的(de)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)苕(tiao)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)十分暢銷(xiao)。到2010年(nian)(nian),周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)全鎮(zhen)有8千(qian)余戶(hu)(hu)(hu)農(nong)民從(cong)事(shi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)加工(gong)(gong),全年(nian)(nian)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)加工(gong)(gong)1.8萬(wan)噸,機(ji)械(xie)化(hua)加工(gong)(gong)面達到100%,其中有年(nian)(nian)加工(gong)(gong)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)100-250噸的(de)大戶(hu)(hu)(hu)達35戶(hu)(hu)(hu);年(nian)(nian)加工(gong)(gong)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)300-1000噸的(de)大8戶(hu)(hu)(hu),營銷(xiao)500-1000噸粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)的(de)大戶(hu)(hu)(hu)19戶(hu)(hu)(hu),全鎮(zhen)年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)25000噸,實現產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)11500萬(wan)元(yuan),建(jian)(jian)立了橫壩(ba)村、田(tian)壩(ba)村、龍興村三(san)個(ge)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)加工(gong)(gong)基地村;組建(jian)(jian)了安岳縣紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)協(xie)會和(he)安岳縣旺(wang)佳薯(shu)(shu)類專業(ye)合作(zuo)社(she),擁(yong)有會員1266人,并(bing)制訂有《紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)淀粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)生產(chan)(chan)技術標(biao)準》和(he)《紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)生產(chan)(chan)技術標(biao)準》,并(bing)在(zai)田(tian)壩(ba)村建(jian)(jian)起(qi)“優(you)質紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)品比(bi)試驗(yan)園”和(he)在(zai)荷花村實施(shi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)優(you)良(liang)品種改良(liang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)500畝(mu),為(wei)全鎮(zhen)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)薯(shu)(shu)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)的(de)發展(zhan)打下堅實的(de)基礎。為(wei)此(ci),粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)市(shi)場(chang)也由原(yuan)來的(de)數百平(ping)方米,擴(kuo)大到3000多(duo)平(ping)方米,增加近千(qian)個(ge)固定攤位。20世紀(ji)90年(nian)(nian)代,周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)禮(li)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)市(shi)場(chang)已茂為(wei)西南(nan)最大的(de)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)專業(ye)市(shi)場(chang),吸引了5000多(duo)個(ge)粉(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)專業(ye)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)這(zhe)里安營扎(zha)寨,年(nian)(nian)成(cheng)交(jiao)量(liang)在(zai)1000萬(wan)公斤(jin)以(yi)上,遠銷(xiao)中國18個(ge)省、市(shi)、自治區,總(zong)額逾2000萬(wan)元(yuan),每年(nian)(nian)向國家交(jiao)納集(ji)貿稅(shui)近40萬(wan)元(yuan)。
周(zhou)禮(li)粉(fen)條(tiao)市(shi)場匯(hui)集(ji)(ji)了周(zhou)禮(li)鎮70%的農戶年生產的500多萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)粉(fen)條(tiao),150多萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)苕(tiao)淀粉(fen),500多萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)鮮(xian)紅(hong)苕(tiao)。去(qu)集(ji)(ji)著新疆(jiang)、西(xi)藏、吉林(lin)、遼(liao)寧、陜(shan)西(xi)、湖南(nan)、青海、云(yun)南(nan)、貴州等(deng)省(sheng)區的300多戶個(ge)體運銷戶和部分(fen)國營、集(ji)(ji)體單位的常年性(xing)商(shang)品采購(gou)客及大量的季節性(xing)、臨時(shi)性(xing)經營者。周(zhou)禮(li)粉(fen)條(tiao)能成為市(shi)場上(shang)的“搶(qiang)手貨”,有(you)個(ge)秘訣就是不(bu)停地進行技改(gai)。過去(qu)用柴火、煤炭作為能源,但這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)能源產生的灰渣(zha)常常沾附在剛(gang)出(chu)鍋(guo)的粉(fen)條(tiao)上(shang),變成“砣(tuo)子粉(fen)”、“黑桿子粉(fen)”。后來改(gai)用柴油,但稍不(bu)注意還是會對粉(fen)條(tiao)產生污染。通(tong)過幾次技改(gai)后,周(zhou)禮(li)終(zhong)于(yu)開始利用電這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)清潔衛生的能源來生產粉(fen)條(tiao)。