與土壤(rang)環境關系:長白山五味子喜濕潤(run)、肥沃、腐(fu)質(zhi)(zhi)層深厚、微(wei)酸性的暗棕(zong)色(se)森林(lin)土壤(rang)或砂質(zhi)(zhi)土壤(rang),通(tong)氣(qi)透水(shui)性好,養分供(gong)應充足。
據考證,長白(bai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)開發利(li)用已(yi)有(you)百余年(nian)歷史。《長白(bai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)匯征錄》(宣(xuan)統元年(nian))卷六藥品篇詳細記(ji)(ji)(ji)述五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)的性味(wei)、功效(xiao)、采(cai)收時(shi)(shi)間及加工方法,并記(ji)(ji)(ji)載了當時(shi)(shi)“行銷內地,每歲所(suo)得價值次于人參(can)”的暢銷景象。《臨江(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》(1902~1934)記(ji)(ji)(ji)載,“五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi):其形如珠,其色(se)最紅(hong),善備五(wu)(wu)味(wei),故(gu)有(you)五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)之(zhi)稱(cheng),能止(zhi)痰補腎,亦(yi)為出口(kou)藥材(cai)之(zhi)大(da)宗。”當時(shi)(shi)全(quan)市有(you)十家山(shan)(shan)(shan)貨(huo)莊經營(ying)長白(bai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)。《撫松(song)(song)縣(xian)(xian)人參(can)志(zhi)(zhi)》記(ji)(ji)(ji)載,撫松(song)(song)縣(xian)(xian)制(zhi)藥廠和原撫松(song)(song)國營(ying)第二參(can)場1985年(nian)研制(zhi)五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)沖劑、五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)濃(nong)縮(suo)汁、五(wu)(wu)味(wei)子(zi)香(xiang)檳原漿等精深加工制(zhi)品,早在(zai)30多(duo)年(nian)前就已(yi)經行銷各(ge)地。
長白山(shan)五味(wei)子地理標(biao)志產品保(bao)護(hu)(hu)產地范(fan)圍(wei)為吉(ji)(ji)林省長白縣(xian)(xian)、靖宇縣(xian)(xian)、撫松縣(xian)(xian)、臨(lin)江市(shi)(shi)(shi)、白山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)江源區(qu)、白山(shan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)道(dao)江區(qu)、集安(an)市(shi)(shi)(shi)、通化(hua)縣(xian)(xian)、輝(hui)南縣(xian)(xian)、梅河口市(shi)(shi)(shi)、柳(liu)河縣(xian)(xian),通化(hua)市(shi)(shi)(shi)東昌區(qu)、二道(dao)江區(qu),樺甸市(shi)(shi)(shi)、蛟河市(shi)(shi)(shi)、永吉(ji)(ji)縣(xian)(xian)、舒(shu)蘭(lan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)、磐石(shi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)、汪清縣(xian)(xian)、安(an)圖縣(xian)(xian)、敦化(hua)市(shi)(shi)(shi)、和龍市(shi)(shi)(shi)、琿春市(shi)(shi)(shi)、延吉(ji)(ji)市(shi)(shi)(shi)、龍井市(shi)(shi)(shi)及長白山(shan)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)開發區(qu)管(guan)理委(wei)員會(hui)池北區(qu)、池西(xi)區(qu)、池南區(qu)28個市(shi)(shi)(shi)區(qu)縣(xian)(xian)現轄行(xing)政區(qu)域。
感官特征
長(chang)白(bai)山五味(wei)子(zi)呈球狀顆粒,直徑5~8mm,表(biao)面紫紅色(se)或暗紅色(se),皺縮,顯油性。果肉柔軟,肉厚。內含種(zhong)子(zi)2粒。種(zhong)子(zi)腎形,長(chang)4~5mm,寬(kuan)3~4mm,表(biao)面棕黃(huang)色(se),有(you)(you)光澤(ze),種(zhong)皮脆(cui)硬,種(zhong)仁黃(huang)白(bai)色(se),富油性。果肉氣微(wei)(wei),味(wei)酸甘(gan);種(zhong)子(zi)破(po)碎(sui)后有(you)(you)清香(xiang)氣,味(wei)辛(xin)、微(wei)(wei)苦。