寺院歷史
宋紹興十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)1140年(nian)(nian))重(zhong)置揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣,是(shi)年(nian)(nian)法山(shan)禪(chan)師(shi)創建(jian)揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)雙峰(feng)(feng)寺(si),成邑(yi)中叢林。原址在(zai)今之(zhi)揭(jie)東(dong)縣桂嶺(古稱(cheng)磐溪都)雙山(shan)南麓(lu),后(hou)山(shan)兩峰(feng)(feng)并(bing)峙(zhi),頂有(you)六丈高天(tian)然巨石(shi)名(ming)曰“石(shi)母(mu)”,周圍景致(zhi)頗(po)多(duo),昔(xi)有(you)“雙峰(feng)(feng)八景”之(zhi)說。寺(si)之(zhi)規模宏大壯觀(guan),與(yu)潮(chao)州(zhou)開(kai)元(yuan)寺(si)、潮(chao)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)靈山(shan)寺(si)并(bing)稱(cheng)潮(chao)郡三大名(ming)剎。每逢祝圣良期,邑(yi)中官(guan)紳檀(tan)越多(duo)有(you)沐浴(yu)來山(shan)禮(li)佛者,由官(guan)道至距(ju)寺(si)三里外(wai)之(zhi)“鼎蓋(gai)山(shan)”驅轎下(xia)馬步行進寺(si),以表虔誠。按民間相傳,紹興十(shi)年(nian)(nian)重(zhong)建(jian)揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣城時,地(di)理家認為,“地(di)龍”從蓮花山(shan)脈的(de)(de)(de)龍頸一直行到雙山(shan),共(gong)99峰(feng)(feng),再(zai)往東(dong)就(jiu)是(shi)平川,而玉(yu)滘村正是(shi)“靈氣(qi)所(suo)鐘”,所(suo)以作為第99峰(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)母(mu)山(shan),也(ye)就(jiu)成了風水寶地(di),而建(jian)起(qi)了雙峰(feng)(feng)寺(si)。它(ta)是(shi)古揭(jie)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)文化的(de)(de)(de)一種綜(zong)合積淀物。
雙(shuang)峰寺歷代屢廢屢興。志書記:清雍正戊申(shen)(1728年(nian)(nian))六月,雙(shuang)峰寺毀於颶風,楝梁楹桷瓦(wa)蓋一(yi)應俱(ju)(ju)盡,知縣(xian)陳樹芝主持(chi)修復。民(min)國十四年(nian)(nian),縣(xian)長陳卓凡廢之(zhi),寺屋充作教育費用。邑紳林(lin)存(cun)厚、林(lin)仲(zhong)良、局伯初等發起(qi)籌款贖回葺復。50年(nian)(nian)代,寺僧推行“農禪并舉”之(zhi)策(ce),以寺辨(bian)工廠。“文革”期間,佛像、文物俱(ju)(ju)毀。
改革(ge)開放後,縣(xian)人民(min)政府貫(guan)徹落實宗教政策,決定修建(jian)雙峰寺,恢復古跡(ji),開辟(pi)旅游勝地。1986年10月25日舉行(xing)奠(dian)基(ji)禮,破土興工(gong)。經過整(zheng)整(zheng)61個月施工(gong),耗資(zi)四百萬元,建(jian)筑面積2400平方米,1991年12月10日隆重舉行(xing)修建(jian)落成(cheng)暨佛像(xiang)開光典禮,盛況空前(qian)。
建筑特點
雙峰寺占(zhan)地(di)3200平方(fang)米,其(qi)中建筑物2400平方(fang)米重修(xiu)后寺院呈四(si)合院布局,中軸(zhou)線上(shang),依次為(wei)(wei)山(shan)門、前廳、大(da)雄寶殿、泰佛殿,有(you)(you)東西兩(liang)廊(lang)。寺中有(you)(you)歷代文人雅士(shi)碑刻歲通,寺中有(you)(you)磚刻五塊(kuai),其(qi)中虎壽碑最為(wei)(wei)珍貴。泰佛殿為(wei)(wei)樓閣(ge)式,正殿中金身(shen)泰式佛像(xiang)一座,相傳走近,其(qi)耳(er)鉤即不斷輕搖(yao),被傳為(wei)(wei)異事。清代郭光任陽江儒學時(shi)由(you)肇郡(jun)移於雙峰寺中,并題(ti)跋。寺中有(you)(you)木棉樹,雙峰竹。相傳孟宗哭竹,孝感天地(di),每節黃皮竹上(shang)都留下了幾(ji)行深綠色淚痕。寺內(nei)珍藏有(you)(you)泰國華僑贈送之(zhi)觀音(yin)菩(pu)薩銅像(xiang),人們前來瞻仰,常常見到菩(pu)薩的耳(er)環(huan)在(zai)微(wei)微(wei)擺動,被稱為(wei)(wei)雙峰一奇。
景點評價
昔日這(zhe)座(zuo)寺院(yuan),環境幽(you)雅,寺內(nei)聳竹修篁(huang),庭樹垂蔭,內(nei)中建筑,曲經通幽(you)。每(mei)當夕陽西(xi)墜,鳥(niao)雀歸巢,伴之(zhi)鐘(zhong)鼓聲聲,木魚(yu)篤篤,梵經陳(chen)聞之(zhi)際(ji),別(bie)具一番情趣,故有“雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)晚(wan)鐘(zhong)”之(zhi)稱。于(yu)是“雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)晚(wan)鐘(zhong)”稱為(wei)揭(jie)陽古八景之(zhi)一。明末大(da)學(xue)士郭之(zhi)奇有雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)寺懷石山禪(chan)師詩(shi)為(wei)證:“三百(bai)年來舊佛宮,依稀猶記(ji)石心翁(weng)。預為(wei)法界傳(chuan)燈(deng)缽,故人(ren)塵(chen)環試色空。四壁(bi)人(ren)煙天早暮,一灣流(liu)水日西(xi)東。鏡臺(tai)菩樹今何在(zai),錫杖(zhang)遙(yao)(yao)遙(yao)(yao)覷紫峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。”“雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)寺”也因(yin)此(ci)享譽海內(nei)外,游人(ren)如(ru)鯽,香火(huo)不斷。許(xu)多文人(ren)騷客,達官貴人(ren),更是慕名(ming)而來,在(zai)這(zhe)座(zuo)古寺名(ming)剎吟詩(shi)詠和,流(liu)連(lian)忘返,留下了許(xu)多珍(zhen)貴的墨寶(bao)。
如今,修葺一新的雙峰寺(si)(si),占地(di)面積3000多(duo)平方米,殿宇(yu)更為壯觀宏偉,天王殿、大(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶殿、藏(zang)經樓(lou)三(san)宇(yu)并立,觀音閣(ge)、地(di)藏(zang)閣(ge)精(jing)巧玲瓏,東西(xi)長廊、耳房(fang)及角(jiao)樓(lou),結構嚴謹,整個寺(si)(si)院雕梁畫棟,古(gu)(gu)樸大(da)(da)方。匯集古(gu)(gu)建筑(zhu)精(jing)粹,結合現代化(hua)的建筑(zhu)技術(shu),去蕪存精(jing),博采眾長,使該寺(si)(si)顯得古(gu)(gu)色古(gu)(gu)香(xiang),美輪美奐,寺(si)(si)內奇花(hua)異卉,爭妍(yan)斗勝,別具一番情趣。
寺中有磚(zhuan)刻五塊(kuai),其中虎(hu)壽(shou)(shou)碑最為(wei)珍貴(gui)。虎(hu)字碑是(shi)清朝江南(nan)提督國棟所書(shu)。壽(shou)(shou)字碑為(wei)北宋著名理學家陳摶聽(ting)書(shu),粗看(kan)為(wei)“壽(shou)(shou)”字,細看(kan)則包含“林富佛壽(shou)(shou)”四字,為(wei)廣(guang)東省價值(zhi)較高的石碑。
揭陽雙峰院記
此(ci)記(ji)(ji)(ji)為元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)程準于(yu)泰定元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1324)所記(ji)(ji)(ji),收錄于(yu)明《永樂大典》卷五三四四,有(you)序云:“諸(zhu)寺院記(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen),不(bu)關世教者不(bu)錄。此(ci)篇獨能不(bu)膠異說,以悲喜衍義,行文(wen)有(you)法(fa),感(gan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)情思。與他(ta)寺院記(ji)(ji)(ji)遠甚,故時錄之(zhi)。”此(ci)乃雙(shuang)峰寺之(zhi)重要史料。文(wen)中明確記(ji)(ji)(ji)載縣(xian)尹(yin)彭振于(yu)公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1310年(nian)請石山禪(chan)師(shi)“初構殿于(yu)瓦(wa)礫間”重建(jian)雙(shuang)峰寺之(zhi)史實,我們認為應(ying)(ying)是在原址重建(jian)。與揭陽一(yi)些書報所說“明洪武年(nian)間,僧(seng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)石山將雙(shuang)峰寺遷至(zhi)榕城馬山巷”有(you)明顯出入,本記(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)所據為程準于(yu)公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)1324年(nian)所記(ji)(ji)(ji),元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)記(ji)(ji)(ji)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)事,應(ying)(ying)可信也(ye)。
世人以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)觀物,見其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)喜,見其(qi)壞(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)悲(bei)。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe)自(zi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),壞(huai)者(zhe)(zhe)自(zi)壞(huai);于(yu)(yu)我何有(you)(you),而(er)作是念(nian)?善(shan)哉(zai)善(shan)哉(zai)!此天地(di)圣賢之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),愚不(bu)(bu)(bu)肖(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)同,儒者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)謂善(shan)端,佛(fo)者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)謂無(wu)量心(xin)也(ye)。一(yi)切萬物,皆(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai);是悲(bei)喜心(xin),無(wu)有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)。由其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai),壞(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。故自(zi)一(yi)念(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)喜,以(yi)圖(tu)其(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),天工可代,七政(zheng)可齊,六府(fu)可修也(ye):自(zi)一(yi)念(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)悲(bei),以(yi)極其(qi)壞(huai),洚水可抑,龍蛇(she)可驅,河(he)流(liu)可塞也(ye)。鵲巢石窟,珍樓寶(bao)屋,廣狹(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,華(hua)陋殊(shu)絕,皆(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)過(guo)人天小果,曾何足(zu)以(yi)置(zhi)欣戚于(yu)(yu)其(qi)間!然十室之(zhi)(zhi)邑,三家之(zhi)(zhi)市,蘧廬一(yi)宿,終身眷眷不(bu)(bu)(bu)忘(wang)。他(ta)日過(guo)之(zhi)(zhi),頹垣斷(duan)礎,未(wei)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)徘徊(huai)故墟,為(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)感愴者(zhe)(zhe);他(ta)日又(you)過(guo)之(zhi)(zhi),疏(shu)籬環堵(du),如舊(jiu)觀重來(lai),又(you)未(wei)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)欣然慰滿,若己與有(you)(you)力焉(yan)。此豈復(fu)有(you)(you)窮奢極侈(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)工,動(dong)心(xin)悅目之(zhi)(zhi)景,可以(yi)牽(qian)縈(ying)懷抱者(zhe)(zhe)?終不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai),壞(huai)無(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),彼(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)猶吾之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)也(ye),吾不(bu)(bu)(bu)知此日是心(xin)何從而(er)來(lai)哉(zai)?天高地(di)下,在物無(wu)終壞(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)理;往(wang)過(guo)來(lai)續(xu),在人有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)壞(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。彼(bi)積蘇累塊,以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壞(huai)較難易;金(jin)地(di)寶(bao)林,以(yi)興創為(wei)殊(shu)勝。雖其(qi)徒稍(shao)知道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe),亦必(bi)戚然顰(pin)、閔然嘯矣!
皇元(yuan)仁洽(qia)萬方(fang),垂情(qing)慈教,天馬飲海(hai),龍象如(ru)如(ru)。而揭陽雙峰(feng)獨(du)罹劫灰,自丙子(zi)至(zhi)戊申(shen)三十三載。歸德彭君(jun)振來尹(yin)茲(zi)邑,報恩(en)無地(di),將經始(shi)起(qi)廢。民父老合辭薦請,君(jun)乃捐俸流貤,起(qi)釋子(zi)石山必(bi)瓊(qiong)董其(qi)役(yi)。瓊(qiong)亦(yi)罄囊畢力,初構殿于(yu)瓦礫(li)間,始(shi)庚(geng)戌(xu)夏,迄辛亥冬。邑人劉君(jun)用賓、林君(jun)叔翊好(hao)善隨喜,法(fa)筵開,經輪(lun)轉,山門品列,廊(lang)楹魚貫,僧寮師室,香積寶庋,種種完美。又三年,梅倅(cui)蒙君(jun)果沿檄適至(zhi),暨歸裒(pou)鏹五十萬圓滿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。且尹(yin)有(you)人民社稷(ji),補(bu)弊塞(sai)責之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)暇,能(neng)(neng)以余力及(ji)此(ci),蒙君(jun)非居仕是(shi)(shi)邦而施與(yu)無吝容。若劉與(yu)林,鄉(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善士,視瓊(qiong)雖為(wei)(wei)善不(bu)同,要皆非有(you)所利而為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)。不(bu)遠數千里,念記于(yu)予。公(gong)等得無悲其(qi)壞而喜其(qi)成乎?是(shi)(shi)心(xin)也何從而來哉?無往(wang)不(bu)復(fu)者(zhe)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,感今懷古者(zhe)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing),余所謂天地(di)圣賢(xian)愚不(bu)肖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所同。蓋有(you)不(bu)求而獲,無為(wei)(wei)而為(wei)(wei)者(zhe)。秉(bing)彝好(hao)德,固(gu)非夷法(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所能(neng)(neng)外也。韓(han)山蒼(cang)蒼(cang),韓(han)木章章;大顛堂堂,廬存人忘!數書(shu)珍(zhen)重,吾(wu)意公(gong)亦(yi)喜其(qi)聰(cong)明識(shi)道理而重其(qi)憂世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲也夫!斯文(wen)耿光,千古一日。余方(fang)求公(gong)書(shu)而玩索之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又安得不(bu)因君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喜而為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)也!尹(yin)字文(wen)舉,今為(wei)(wei)惠州路推(tui)官。蒙字仲(zhong)剛(gang),今為(wei)(wei)潮(chao)幕長。謙(qian)齋(zhai)劉君(jun),時主簿(bu)程(cheng)鄉(xiang)。友梅、石山,林與(yu)瓊(qiong)自號也。財施工力姓氏列著碑陰。
泰定初元甲子三月朔(shuo),承直郎(lang)南雄路總管府(fu)推官程準記(ji)。