【船舶(bo)的種類(lei)】船舶(bo)的種類(lei)有哪些 船舶(bo)的分類(lei)及(ji)用途介紹
一、船舶分類的方法
現代船(chuan)舶(bo)是(shi)為交(jiao)通(tong)運輸、港口(kou)建設、漁(yu)業(ye)生產(chan)和(he)(he)科研勘(kan)測等服務的(de)(de)(de),隨著(zhu)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan),船(chuan)舶(bo)服務面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)擴大,船(chuan)舶(bo)也日趨專業(ye)化。不同的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)門對船(chuan)舶(bo)有不同的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求,使用(yong)權(quan)船(chuan)舶(bo)的(de)(de)(de)航行(xing)區域、航行(xing)狀(zhuang)態、推(tui)進方式、動力(li)裝置、造(zao)船(chuan)材料和(he)(he)用(yong)途等到方面(mian)也各(ge)不同,因而船(chuan)舶(bo)種類(lei)繁多,而這些船(chuan)舶(bo)在船(chuan)型上、構造(zao)上、運用(yong)性(xing)能(neng)上和(he)(he)設備上又各(ge)有特點。
1、船舶的航行區域:船舶按航行(xing)區域可分為海洋船反作用、港灣船舶和內(nei)河船舶三種。航行(xing)內(nei)湖泊上的船舶一般(ban)也歸入內(nei)河船舶類(lei)。
2、船舶航行的狀態:船舶(bo)按航行(xing)(xing)狀態(tai)可歸納為浮(fu)行(xing)(xing)、滑行(xing)(xing)、騰空航行(xing)(xing)三(san)種(zhong)。浮(fu)行(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)船舶(bo)在航行(xing)(xing)時,船體(ti)的重(zhong)量(liang)和排水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)相等而瓢浮(fu)在水(shui)(shui)(shui)面航行(xing)(xing)的船舶(bo)(又叫(jiao)做排水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)船)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)(xia)潛(qian)航的船舶(bo)也(ye)屬于浮(fu)行(xing)(xing)。滑行(xing)(xing)船舶(bo)是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)高速(su)狀態(tai)下(xia)(xia)航行(xing)(xing)時,船體(ti)的大部分(fen)被水(shui)(shui)(shui)的動(dong)力作(zuo)用抬起,在水(shui)(shui)(shui)面滑行(xing)(xing)。滑行(xing)(xing)時船的排水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)小于靜止時的排水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang),同時減小了(le)濕表面積,水(shui)(shui)(shui)阻力大大減小,使船的速(su)度加(jia)快。如(ru)快艇(ting)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)翼艇(ting)。騰空航行(xing)(xing)船舶(bo)是(shi)(shi)船身(shen)在完全脫離水(shui)(shui)(shui)面的狀態(tai)下(xia)(xia)航行(xing)(xing)的。如(ru)氣墊船和沖翼艇(ting)。
3、推進方式:船舶按進方式可分為原始的撐篙、拉繹、劃槳、搖櫓等人力推進的船舶和風力推進的帆船;機械推進的明輪船,噴水船、螺旋槳船、以及空氣推進船等。dc明輪是船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)以機器作為動(dong)力以來,最(zui)古老的(de)(de)一種推(tui)進(jin)器。以后(hou)又出現把推(tui)進(jin)哭裝在船(chuan)的(de)(de)艉部(bu)(bu)水面(mian)以下(xia)部(bu)(bu)分的(de)(de)螺(luo)旋槳(jiang)推(tui)進(jin)器,后(hou)來,對少(shao)數殊要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)有(you)的(de)(de)在艉部(bu)(bu)螺(luo)旋槳(jiang)上(shang)加上(shang)導管,也有(you)在艏部(bu)(bu)加裝輔(fu)助的(de)(de)螺(luo)旋槳(jiang)。大多數船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)螺(luo)旋槳(jiang)的(de)(de)葉片是固定的(de)(de),對經常駐要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)改變工(gong)況的(de)(de)船(chuan),采用(yong)可調螺(luo)距的(de)(de)螺(luo)旋槳(jiang)。淺水航道中的(de)(de)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)還有(you)噴水推(tui)進(jin)的(de)(de)。全浮式氣(qi)墊船(chuan)和騰空(kong)艇上(shang)則用(yong)空(kong)氣(qi)螺(luo)旋槳(jiang)推(tui)進(jin)。
4、動力裝置:船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)按(an)動(dong)力(li)(li)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)種類可分為(wei)(wei)蒸(zheng)汽機(ji)(ji)(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)、內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)船(chuan)(chuan),。電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)和(he)核(he)動(dong)力(li)(li)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)船(chuan)(chuan)。早期使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)汽往復機(ji)(ji)(ji)目前已被(bei)淘汰。汽輪機(ji)(ji)(ji)(有蒸(zheng)汽輪機(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)燃(ran)汽輪機(ji)(ji)(ji))在(zai)一些(xie)高速客船(chuan)(chuan)和(he)軍艦上使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。現(xian)在(zai)各(ge)類船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)最廣的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)柴(chai)油(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)力(li)(li)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。小艇上也有用(yong)(yong)汽油(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)動(dong)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推(tui)(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)是(shi)以內(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)(ji)或蒸(zheng)汽機(ji)(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(或直接用(yong)(yong)蓄電(dian)(dian)池)發電(dian)(dian),再帶動(dong)與螺(luo)旋槳聯成一體的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)來(lai)推(tui)(tui)進船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)。這(zhe)種動(dong)力(li)(li)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)螺(luo)旋槳轉速可任意(yi)調節,且操作(zuo)簡單、操縱方便,為(wei)(wei)有特殊要求的(de)(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)采用(yong)(yong),如潛艇、破冰船(chuan)(chuan)廠(chang)、科學考察(cha)船(chuan)(chuan)、火車渡船(chuan)(chuan)等。核(he)動(dong)力(li)(li)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)當前世界上較(jiao)先進的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)力(li)(li)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),它以核(he)反應(ying)堆通過(guo)原子核(he)的(de)(de)(de)反應(ying),產生蒸(zheng)汽熱能來(lai)驅動(dong)汽輪機(ji)(ji)(ji)運(yun)轉。
二、船舶的分類有哪些
由(you)于船(chuan)舶的(de)發展,現代(dai)船(chuan)舶的(de)種類很多,可以有各(ge)種各(ge)樣的(de)分類方法,
如(ru)按(an)(an)(an)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體材料分(fen)(fen),有(you)(you)木船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、鋼(gang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水泥(ni)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)玻(bo)璃(li)鋼(gang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)(an)(an)航(hang)(hang)行區域(yu)分(fen)(fen),有(you)(you)遠(yuan)洋(yang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、近洋(yang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、沿海船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)內河船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)(an)(an)動(dong)力裝置分(fen)(fen),有(you)(you)蒸汽機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、內燃機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、汽輪機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、電動(dong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)核動(dong)力船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)(an)(an)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)方式分(fen)(fen),有(you)(you)明(ming)輪船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、螺旋(xuan)槳(jiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、平旋(xuan)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)器船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)風帆助(zhu)航(hang)(hang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng);按(an)(an)(an)航(hang)(hang)行方式分(fen)(fen),有(you)(you)自航(hang)(hang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)(he)非(fei)自航(hang)(hang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan);按(an)(an)(an)航(hang)(hang)行狀態分(fen)(fen),有(you)(you)排水型(xing)和(he)(he)非(fei)排水型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。而最能說明(ming)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶特征(zheng)的是按(an)(an)(an)照船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的用途來(lai)分(fen)(fen)類,首(shou)先(xian)可(ke)分(fen)(fen)為軍(jun)用和(he)(he)民用兩大類。
(一)民用船舶的分類:
運輸船——客船、客貨船、貨船(雜貨船(chuan)(chuan)、散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)、集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)、載(zai)駁(bo)船(chuan)(chuan)、油船(chuan)(chuan)、液化氣(qi)體船(chuan)(chuan)、冷藏(zang)船(chuan)(chuan)等(deng))、渡船(chuan)(chuan)、駁(bo)船(chuan)(chuan)等(deng)。
工程船——挖泥(ni)船(chuan)(chuan)、起重船(chuan)(chuan)、浮船(chuan)(chuan)塢(wu)、救撈(lao)船(chuan)(chuan)、布設船(chuan)(chuan)(布纜船(chuan)(chuan)、敷管船(chuan)(chuan)等)、打樁船(chuan)(chuan)。
漁業船——網類(lei)漁(yu)船(拖網(wang)(wang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)、圍網(wang)(wang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)、刺網(wang)(wang)漁(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)等)、釣(diao)類(lei)魚(yu)船(chuan)(chuan)、捕鯨船(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)業(ye)加工船(chuan)(chuan)、漁(yu)業(ye)調查船(chuan)(chuan)、冷(leng)藏(zang)運輸(shu)船(chuan)(chuan)等。
港務船——破冰(bing)船(chuan)(chuan)、引航船(chuan)(chuan)、消防船(chuan)(chuan)、供應船(chuan)(chuan)、交通船(chuan)(chuan)、工作船(chuan)(chuan)(測(ce)量船(chuan)(chuan)船(chuan)(chuan)、航標船(chuan)(chuan)等(deng))、浮(fu)油回收船(chuan)(chuan)等(deng)。
海洋開發船——海洋調查船,、深潛器(qi)(艇)、鉆井船(chuan)、鉆井平臺等。
拖船和推船——海(hai)洋拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、港作(zuo)拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、,內河拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)洋拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、內河拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等(deng)。、燈標發(fa)展中的高(gao)速船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)艇——水翼艇(劃水式(shi)水翼艇(ting)、全浸式(shi)水翼艇(ting))、氣墊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(全浮(fu)式(shi)氣墊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、側壁式(shi)氣墊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、沖(chong)翼艇(ting)、半潛(qian)式(shi)小水面艇(ting)、穿浪船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等。
民用船舶分類中通常是按用途進行劃分,現分別具體介紹如下:
1、客船(passenger vessel)是指用于運(yun)送旅客(ke)及其攜帶行李的船舶。對兼運(yun)少量貨物(wu)的客(ke)船也稱客(ke)貨船。由于客(ke)船多為定期定航線航行,又稱客(ke)班船。具(ju)有多層甲板(ban)的上層建筑(zhu),有較(jiao)好的抗(kang)沉(chen)性,一(yi)般為“二艙不沉(chen)制”,船速較(jiao)高(gao),一(yi)般為16-20節(kn)。乘客(ke)>12人。
在(zai)《國際海上人命安全公約》(SOLAS公約)中(zhong)規定,凡載客(ke)超過12人的船舶應視為客(ke)船。客(ke)船的外形如圖所示。其特點是具有良好(hao)的航海性能,安全設(she)備與(yu)生(sheng)活設(she)施完善,上層(ceng)建筑高大,船速(su)較(jiao)高,一(yi)般在(zai)20kn(節,海里/小(xiao)時)左(zuo)右(you)。
有的短途客船(chuan)采(cai)用水翼艇(ting)(hydrofoil craft)和氣墊船(chuan)(hover craft),船(chuan)速一(yi)般在40kn左(zuo)右。
2、干貨船(cargo ship)根據所裝貨物及(ji)船舶結(jie)構、設備不同,可分為(wei):
(1)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(general cargo ship):亦稱雜貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),特征是(shi)貨艙(cang)(cang)設(she)計成(cheng)多層(ceng)(ceng)甲(jia)板(ban)結構(gou)通(tong)(tong)常(chang)為(wei)2-3層(ceng)(ceng)甲(jia)板(ban),為(wei)便于裝卸,各貨艙(cang)(cang)的(de)(de)艙(cang)(cang)口(kou)尺寸均較大,并配(pei)吊桿(gan)(2-5T)或起重機(120T)。一般設(she)3-6個(ge)貨艙(cang)(cang)。雜貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)一般是(shi)指定期航(hang)行于貨運繁忙的(de)(de)航(hang)線,以裝運零星(xing)雜貨為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶。這種(zhong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)航(hang)行速度較快,船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上(shang)配(pei)有(you)足夠的(de)(de)起吊設(she)備,船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶構(gou)造中有(you)多層(ceng)(ceng)甲(jia)板(ban)把船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)艙(cang)(cang)分(fen)隔成(cheng)多層(ceng)(ceng)貨柜,以適應裝載(zai)不同貨物的(de)(de)需要。
(2)散裝(zhuang)船(chuan)(bulk cargo vessel)專(zhuan)門運糧(liang)、礦、煤等,由于散貨不怕(pa)壓,為裝(zhuang)卸方便,其貨艙均(jun)為單甲板。根(gen)據(ju)結構(gou)不同(tong)分為以下幾種類(lei)型。
干(gan)散貨(huo)(huo)船(chuan)(Bulk Cargo Ship)是用(yong)以裝載(zai)無包裝的(de)大(da)(da)宗(zong)貨(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)的(de)船(chuan)舶(bo)。依所裝貨(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)的(de)種(zhong)類不同,又(you)可分為糧谷船(chuan)(Grain Ship)、煤(mei)船(chuan)(Collier)和礦砂船(chuan)(Ore Ship)。這(zhe)種(zhong)船(chuan)大(da)(da)都為單甲板(ban),艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)內(nei)不設支(zhi)柱,但設有(you)隔板(ban),用(yong)以防止在風浪中運(yun)行的(de)艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)內(nei)貨(huo)(huo)物(wu)(wu)錯位。特點是艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)口(kou)圍(wei)板(ban)高而大(da)(da),貨(huo)(huo)艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)橫剖面成棱形,這(zhe)樣既可減少平艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)工作,貨(huo)(huo)艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)四角的(de)三角形艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang)柜為壓(ya)載(zai)水(shui)艙(cang)(cang)(cang)(cang),可調節吃水(shui)和穩性高度。
散貨船的類型
靈(ling)(ling)便(bian)型(xing)(xing)散貨船(Handysize bulk carrier):指載重量(liang)在2-5萬噸(dun)(dun)左(zuo)右的散貨船,其中超過(guo)4萬噸(dun)(dun)的船舶又被(bei)稱為(wei)大(da)靈(ling)(ling)便(bian)型(xing)(xing)散貨船(Handymax bulk carrier)。眾(zhong)所周知,干(gan)散貨是海(hai)運的大(da)宗貨物(wu),這些噸(dun)(dun)位相對(dui)較(jiao)小的船舶具有較(jiao)強的對(dui)航道、運河及港口(kou)的適應性,載重噸(dun)(dun)量(liang)適中,且(qie)多配有起(qi)卸貨設(she)備(bei),營運方便(bian)靈(ling)(ling)活,因而(er)被(bei)稱之(zhi)為(wei)“靈(ling)(ling)便(bian)型(xing)(xing)”。
巴拿馬(ma)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(Panamax bulk carrier):顧名思義(yi),該型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)是指(zhi)在(zai)(zai)滿(man)載情況下(xia)可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)巴拿馬(ma)運(yun)河(he)的最大型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)散貨船(chuan)(chuan),即主要滿(man)足船(chuan)(chuan)舶總長不(bu)超過(guo)274.32,型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)寬不(bu)超過(guo)32.30米的運(yun)河(he)通(tong)航有關規定(ding)。根據需要,調整船(chuan)(chuan)舶的尺度(du)、船(chuan)(chuan)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及結構來改變載重(zhong)量(liang),該型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)載重(zhong)量(liang)一般在(zai)(zai)6-7.5萬噸之間。
好(hao)望角(jiao)型(xing)散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(Capesize bulk carrier):指載(zai)(zai)重量(liang)在15萬噸(dun)左右的散(san)貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),該(gai)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)型(xing)以運(yun)(yun)輸鐵礦(kuang)石(shi)為(wei)主,由(you)(you)于(yu)尺度限(xian)制不可能通(tong)(tong)過巴拿(na)馬(ma)運(yun)(yun)河(he)(he)和(he)蘇(su)伊(yi)士運(yun)(yun)河(he)(he),需繞行好(hao)望角(jiao)和(he)合恩角(jiao),臺(tai)灣(wan)省稱(cheng)之為(wei)“海岬”型(xing)。由(you)(you)于(yu)近年蘇(su)伊(yi)士運(yun)(yun)河(he)(he)當(dang)局(ju)已放寬通(tong)(tong)過運(yun)(yun)河(he)(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的吃水限(xian)制,該(gai)型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)多(duo)可滿載(zai)(zai)通(tong)(tong)過該(gai)運(yun)(yun)河(he)(he)。
大(da)湖型散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan)(Lake bulk carrier):是(shi)指經由圣勞(lao)倫(lun)斯水(shui)道航行于美國、加拿大(da)交界處五大(da)湖區(qu)的散(san)貨(huo)船(chuan),以承運煤炭、鐵(tie)礦石和糧食為主。該(gai)型船(chuan)尺(chi)度上(shang)要滿(man)足圣勞(lao)倫(lun)斯水(shui)道通航要求,船(chuan)舶總長(chang)不超(chao)過222.50米,型寬不超(chao)過23.16米,且橋樓(lou)任何(he)部分不得伸出船(chuan)體(ti)外,吃水(shui)不得超(chao)過各大(da)水(shui)域最大(da)允許吃水(shui),桅桿(gan)頂端距水(shui)面高度不得超(chao)過35.66,該(gai)型船(chuan)一般(ban)在3萬噸(dun)左右,大(da)多配有起卸貨(huo)設備。
3、礦石船(ore carrier)由于礦石比(bi)重(zhong)(zhong)大,占(zhan)艙容小,使船(chuan)舶重(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)偏低,故為提高重(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)高度(du),其雙(shuang)層底(di)特別高,而貨(huo)艙兩側的壓載艙也(ye)大。礦石-石油(you)運(yun)輸(shu)船(chuan)(ore-oil carrier)
(二)軍用艦艇的分類:
水面戰斗艦艇——航(hang)空母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、直升機母艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、巡洋艦(jian)(jian)(jian),驅逐艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、護(hu)衛艦(jian)(jian)(jian)、導彈艇、魚(yu)雷艇、獵潛艇、護(hu)衛艇等。
水中戰斗艦艇——攻擊型潛艇(ting)(柴油機(ji)動(dong)力、電動(dong)機(ji)動(dong)力)、戰略導彈潛艇(常規(gui)動(dong)力、核動(dong)力)。
特種戰斗艦船——兩棲艦艇(兩(liang)棲(qi)指揮艦(jian)、兩(liang)棲(qi)攻擊艦(jian)、船(chuan)塢(wu)登(deng)(deng)陸艦(jian)、兩(liang)棲(qi)船(chuan)塢(wu)運輸艦(jian)、坦克登(deng)(deng)陸艦(jian)、兩(liang)棲(qi)貨船(chuan)、車輛人員登(deng)(deng)陸艇、通用登(deng)(deng)陸艇)、布雷艦(jian)艇、掃雷艦(jian)艇、獵雷艇。
輔助艦艇——后(hou)支援船(chuan)(運輸船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、艦隊補給(gei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、供應維(wei)修船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、衛(wei)生勤務船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、撈雷船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、海上救助(zhu)(zhu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(近(jin)岸(an)救助(zhu)(zhu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)救助(zhu)(zhu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、潛艇救助(zhu)(zhu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、破冰船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、情報支(zhi)援船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(海洋(yang)調查(cha)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、偵察(cha)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、通訊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、測(ce)量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、試驗訓(xun)練船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(導(dao)彈靶船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、導(dao)彈測(ce)量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、兵器(qi)試驗船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海軍(jun)訓(xun)練船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)),港務支(zhi)援船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(港口建設船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、港口作業船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、港口勤務船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等,這(zhe)類船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)同民用船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)如勘探船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、打樁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、起(qi)重船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、駁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、挖泥(ni)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、交(jiao)通船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、引(yin)水船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、供水船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、航(hang)標船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、燈船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、消防船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、浮(fu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)塢(wu)等)。