【鉛酸蓄電池充電器】鉛酸蓄電池充電器電路圖 鉛酸蓄電池充電器原理

因為密封鉛酸蓄電池的諸多優點，因此獲得了廣泛應用。然而密封鉛酸蓄電池的充電技術似乎不被看重，因充電方式不合理而造成電池過早(zao)報(bao)廢的情況(kuang)普遍存在。

鉛酸(suan)蓄電池充(chong)電器(qi)電路(lu)圖

充電原理分析：

1.維護充電：

當電(dian)池電(dian)壓較(jiao)低(di)時(shi)(shi)（可設(she)定，本電(dian)路(lu)預設(she)在(zai)(zai)9V以下），充(chong)電(dian)器工作在(zai)(zai)小電(dian)流(liu)維護充(chong)電(dian)狀(zhuang)態下，工作原理(li)為U1C⑨腳（同相(xiang)端）電(dian)位低(di)于⑧腳（反相(xiang)端），U1C輸(shu)出低(di)電(dian)位，T4截止。U1D 11腳電(dian)位約0.18V。此時(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)約250mA（恒流(liu)電(dian)路(lu)由R14，U1D，T1B周(zhou)邊外(wai)圍電(dian)路(lu)構成，恒流(liu)原理(li)讀者請(qing)自行(xing)分析）。

2.快速充電：

隨著(zhu)維護充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)繼續，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓逐漸升高，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超(chao)過9V時，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)轉入大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流快充模(mo)式下(xia)，U1C⑨腳（同相(xiang)端(duan)(duan)）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位高于⑧腳（反相(xiang)端(duan)(duan)），U1C輸出高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位，T4導(dao)通(tong)，U1D 11腳電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位約為0.48V，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)恒定輸出約1A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

3.限壓浮充：

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池接近充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)自動(dong)轉(zhuan)入限(xian)(xian)壓(ya)(ya)浮(fu)充(chong)狀態(tai)下(xia)(限(xian)(xian)壓(ya)(ya)浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)設定為13.8V，如(ru)為6V蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，則浮(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)應設定為6.9V)，此(ci)時的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流會由(you)快速充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)下(xia)逐漸下(xia)降(jiang)，至電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池完全充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流僅(jin)為10～30mA，用以(yi)補充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池因自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而損失的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。

4.保護及充電指示電路：

本電(dian)(dian)路設有(you)反(fan)極性保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)路，由(you)D4，U1C，U1D，T1及外(wai)圍(wei)元件(jian)構成，當電(dian)(dian)池反(fan)接時(shi)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)限制輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)流不致發生事故。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)指示(shi)由(you)U1A，D7及外(wai)圍(wei)元件(jian)構成，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，D7點亮(liang)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)進入(ru)浮充(chong)狀態后，D7熄(xi)滅，表示(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)結(jie)束。

5.本(ben)電路略為修改電路參數即(ji)可任意調整充電電流，浮充電壓以滿足(zu)不同規格電池的需(xu)要。

6.物料清單如下

注：CF=碳膜(mo)電(dian)阻(zu)；MF=金屬膜(mo)電(dian)阻(zu)；M.O.F=金屬氧化膜(mo)電(dian)阻(zu)

*表示可根據需(xu)要(yao)調整(zheng)的元件(jian)。

7.實測充(chong)電器(qi)的充(chong)電曲線如(ru)下圖。

鉛酸蓄電池充電器參數解讀>>