江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)言，一般指分布(bu)(bu)在(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)的(de)漢語(yu)(yu)方(fang)(fang)言，不包(bao)括分布(bu)(bu)在(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)的(de)少數(shu)民(min)族語(yu)(yu)言下的(de)方(fang)(fang)言。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)的(de)漢語(yu)(yu)方(fang)(fang)言主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有：贛(gan)語(yu)(yu)、客(ke)家語(yu)(yu)、江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮官話(hua)、西(xi)(xi)南官話(hua)、吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)和(he)(he)徽語(yu)(yu)。贛(gan)語(yu)(yu)，是江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)最(zui)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)的(de)方(fang)(fang)言，集中分布(bu)(bu)在(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)中部(bu)(bu)和(he)(he)北部(bu)(bu)，覆蓋(gai)了(le)全省(sheng)面積和(he)(he)人口的(de)三分之二(er)。客(ke)家語(yu)(yu)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)分布(bu)(bu)在(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)南部(bu)(bu)的(de)17個縣(xian)和(he)(he)吉(ji)安(an)、宜春、萍鄉、撫州和(he)(he)九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)部(bu)(bu)分市縣(xian)。江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)淮官話(hua)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)分布(bu)(bu)在(zai)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)北部(bu)(bu)的(de)九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)市區、九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)縣(xian)、瑞昌市等地(di)。

一.贛語介紹

（一）歷史來源

江(jiang)西方(fang)言(yan)的(de)(de)歷史悠久，其形(xing)成(cheng)當從西漢(han)時期就已開始初具規模。漢(han)高祖時設(she)豫(yu)(yu)章郡(jun)，郡(jun)治南昌(chang)，下轄十(shi)八縣，遍布今(jin)江(jiang)西四方(fang)。既有(you)人(ren)口就有(you)語言(yan)和(he)方(fang)言(yan)，有(you)了人(ren)口也才談得(de)上(shang)設(she)置(zhi)郡(jun)縣，所以，豫(yu)(yu)章郡(jun)和(he)十(shi)八縣的(de)(de)設(she)置(zhi)是江(jiang)西地區經濟文化發展的(de)(de)必然結(jie)果，也是贛方(fang)言(yan)開始形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)具體(ti)表現和(he)證(zheng)明(ming)。

贛(gan)語歷史悠久(jiu)，是唐宋以前中(zhong)原移(yi)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)原話和贛(gan)地(di)(di)先民(min)(min)語言相互(hu)融(rong)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)產物，形成于(yu)漢(han)朝，定(ding)型于(yu)唐宋。自上古至有周一(yi)代，江(jiang)西一(yi)直都是三(san)苗等贛(gan)地(di)(di)先民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)活動區域。到了(le)周朝的(de)(de)(de)春秋戰國時期，贛(gan)地(di)(di)先后隸(li)屬(shu)吳、越、楚的(de)(de)(de)統治，其居民(min)(min)自當是使(shi)用古越語和古楚語。秦漢(han)以后，中(zhong)原對江(jiang)右地(di)(di)區進行了(le)多次大規模的(de)(de)(de)移(yi)民(min)(min)，中(zhong)原的(de)(de)(de)漢(han)語和本地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)吳語、楚語互(hu)相接觸(chu)、互(hu)相融(rong)合(he)，贛(gan)語遂逐步形成。

（二）特點

贛語(yu)的共(gong)同點是：古代的全濁聲母今讀塞(sai)(sai)音(yin)、塞(sai)(sai)擦音(yin)時，為送(song)氣(qi)(qi)的清(qing)音(yin)，無論平仄，如“陪伴、停(ting)電(dian)、存在(zai)、沉重、強健”這幾個詞，贛語(yu)統統都(dou)是送(song)氣(qi)(qi)的清(qing)聲母，而普通話卻是前(qian)一(yi)字送(song)氣(qi)(qi)，后一(yi)字不送(song)氣(qi)(qi)，吳語(yu)（如上海話和上饒話）則都(dou)是[d b dz d ]一(yi)類的濁聲母。

古代(dai)的遇攝(she)(she)三等(deng)魚韻字(zi)、流攝(she)(she)一等(deng)字(zi)、臻攝(she)(she)開(kai)口(kou)(kou)一等(deng)字(zi)、曾攝(she)(she)一等(deng)字(zi)和梗攝(she)(she)開(kai)口(kou)(kou)二等(deng)文讀(du)字(zi)，許多地(di)方(fang)主要元音是(shi)[ε]（或相近(jin)的[e、]），如南昌市：鋸 kiεl狗kiεul根kiεnl燈tεnl耕kiεn 。

梗(geng)攝(she)字(zi)(zi)一(yi)(yi)般都有(you)文白(bai)兩(liang)讀(du)(du)(du)。這里說(shuo)的文白(bai)兩(liang)種讀(du)(du)(du)法，是(shi)從一(yi)(yi)批(pi)字(zi)(zi)的系統(tong)上來看的，而(er)不著眼于某一(yi)(yi)個字(zi)(zi)有(you)幾種不同(tong)的讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)。來歷相同(tong)的一(yi)(yi)批(pi)字(zi)(zi)，在書面語(yu)(yu)或新詞語(yu)(yu)中，有(you)一(yi)(yi)套讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)形成相同(tong)的語(yu)(yu)音(yin)(yin)(yin)特點，而(er)在日(ri)常(chang)口語(yu)(yu)中，在那些天天使用的最(zui)基本的詞語(yu)(yu)中，這些字(zi)(zi)又(you)有(you)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)套讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)，形成另(ling)外一(yi)(yi)種相同(tong)的語(yu)(yu)音(yin)(yin)(yin)特點。前(qian)者(zhe)我們叫“文讀(du)(du)(du)”，后者(zhe)我們叫“白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)”。文白(bai)異讀(du)(du)(du)是(shi)就一(yi)(yi)批(pi)字(zi)(zi)來說(shuo)的。其中的某一(yi)(yi)個字(zi)(zi)，可能是(shi)既有(you)文讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)，又(you)有(you)白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)；也可能是(shi)只有(you)文讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)，沒有(you)白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)；或者(zhe)反過來，只有(you)白(bai)讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)，沒有(you)文讀(du)(du)(du)音(yin)(yin)(yin)。如南昌的梗(geng)攝(she)字(zi)(zi)：

省 　青 　影(ying) 　生 　平

文讀 sεn省(sheng)市(shi) t‘in青年 in電影 sεn學(xue)生 p‘in和平

白讀 saη節(jie)省 t‘iaη青菜 iaη影子 saη生熟 p‘iaη平(ping)地

影母(mu)字開口(kou)呼多讀(du)[η]聲(sheng)母(mu)，不讀(du)零聲(sheng)母(mu)，如南昌市：安ηon襖ηau愛ηai鴉ηa“大(da)小(xiao)”的“大(da)”讀(du)[ai]韻母(mu)，來自蟹(xie)攝(she)徒蓋切。普(pu)通話讀(du)[a]韻母(mu)，來自果攝(she)唐佐(zuo)切。南昌方言把母(mu)親的姐(jie)姐(jie)叫(jiao)“[t‘o]娘”，撫(fu)州(zhou)方言把板栗(li)叫(jiao)“[ho]栗(li)”，這里的[t‘o]和[ho]才是來自唐佐(zuo)切的“大(da)”字，也就(jiu)是普(pu)通話的[ta] 。

“菜梗”的“梗”字絕大多數地(di)方有(you)[u]介音(yin)，而普通(tong)話讀[kη]，沒有(you)[u]介音(yin)，如：

南昌kuaη 萍鄉(xiang)ku? 彭澤kuan

“搬班”兩字韻(yun)母不(bu)同(tong)，“官關”兩字大(da)部分地方韻(yun)母也不(bu)相同(tong)。這兩對字在古代韻(yun)母不(bu)同(tong)，普通(tong)話變得相同(tong)了(le)，而贛語中還保(bao)留著(zhu)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)特點，如：

南昌 　吉安市(shi) 　撫州 　宜春

搬　pon 　pon 　pon 　pon

班 　pan 　pan 　pan 　pan

官 　kuon 　kuon 　kuon 　kuon

關　 kuan 　kuan 　kuan 　kuan

除吉安、萍鄉(xiang)一帶無入(ru)聲之外，全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)其(qi)他(ta)地(di)方的贛語及其(qi)他(ta)方言基本上都有(you)入(ru)聲。古(gu)代的入(ru)聲字(zi)在吉安、萍鄉(xiang)一帶的基本情況是：古(gu)清聲母(mu)字(zi)今讀(du)陰(yin)平，古(gu)全(quan)(quan)濁(zhuo)聲母(mu)字(zi)今讀(du)去(qu)聲，次濁(zhuo)聲母(mu)字(zi)有(you)的讀(du)陰(yin)平，有(you)的讀(du)去(qu)聲。

詞匯方(fang)面：太陽叫“日(ri)頭”或“熱(re)頭”（有的地(di)方(fang)“日(ri)熱(re)”讀(du)音(yin)不(bu)分(fen)）。下雨說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“落雨”。站立大部(bu)分(fen)地(di)方(fang)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“？隆保ǘ寥紜(yun)凹肌保?有的地(di)方(fang)讀(du)如“欺”）。坐著喝茶(cha)，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“坐到(dao)吃茶(cha)”。交合(he)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“戳”。第三(san)人稱(cheng)代詞說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“渠”。我(wo)(wo)的說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)“我(wo)(wo)個” 。

（三）使用地區

贛語是江西省(sheng)(sheng)最(zui)主要的方言(yan)，它不僅覆(fu)蓋了全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)面積和人(ren)口(kou)的三分之(zhi)二(er)，甚至還(huan)分布在湖南(nan)、湖北、安徽、福建、浙江等鄰省(sheng)(sheng)的部分地(di)區。

江西省內的贛語區包括以下62個(ge)市(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)：南(nan)(nan)(nan)昌(chang)市(shi)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、安(an)(an)義縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、永(yong)修(xiu)(xiu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、修(xiu)(xiu)水縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、德(de)安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、廬山(shan)市(shi)、都(dou)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、湖口縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、彭澤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、高安(an)(an)市(shi)、奉(feng)新(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、靖安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、武寧縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、宜(yi)春市(shi)、宜(yi)豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、上高縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樟樹市(shi)、新(xin)(xin)干(gan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、萍鄉市(shi)、新(xin)(xin)余(yu)市(shi)、萬載縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、豐城(cheng)市(shi)、吉(ji)(ji)安(an)(an)市(shi)、吉(ji)(ji)水縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、峽江縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、安(an)(an)福(fu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、蓮花縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、泰和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、永(yong)新(xin)(xin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、井(jing)岡山(shan)市(shi)、永(yong)豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、萬安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、遂(sui)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、撫州市(shi)、金溪(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、崇(chong)仁(ren)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、宜(yi)黃縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樂安(an)(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、黎(li)川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、資(zi)溪(xi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、東鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、進賢縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、廣昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鷹潭市(shi)、貴溪(xi)市(shi)、萬年縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、余(yu)江縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、余(yu)干(gan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、樂平(ping)市(shi)、鄱陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、橫峰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、弋陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鉛(qian)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、景(jing)德(de)鎮(zhen)市(shi)等(deng)地區。

分片

江(jiang)西省內(nei)的贛語區可分(fen)為(wei)昌都(dou)片(pian)(pian)、昌靖片(pian)(pian)、宜(yi)瀏(liu)片(pian)(pian)、吉茶片(pian)(pian)、撫廣片(pian)(pian)和鷹(ying)弋片(pian)(pian)。

二.客家話

客家話主要分布(bu)在全省(sheng)南(nan)(nan)部的(de)17個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)西北部的(de)銅(tong)鼓(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)：興(xing)國、寧都(dou)、石城、瑞金、會昌(chang)、尋烏、安遠、定南(nan)(nan)、龍(long)南(nan)(nan)、全南(nan)(nan)、信豐（不包括縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城嘉定鎮和(he)(he)城郊的(de)部分農村）、大余、崇義、上猶、南(nan)(nan)康、贛縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、于都(dou)、銅(tong)鼓(gu)。

銅(tong)鼓縣(xian)60％以上的人口說(shuo)客家話，分(fen)布(bu)在縣(xian)城(cheng)及豐(feng)田、排埠、二源(yuan)、石橋(qiao)、溫泉(quan)、三都、西向(xiang)、大塅(duan)、古橋(qiao)等(deng)鄉(xiang)。少(shao)數(shu)人說(shuo)贛語(yu)，分(fen)布(bu)在帶溪、棋坪、高(gao)橋(qiao)、幽居(ju)、港(gang)口等(deng)鄉(xiang)。

客家話還見(jian)于與銅鼓(gu)縣(xian)(xian)毗鄰(lin)的(de)一些(xie)地方：萬(wan)(wan)載縣(xian)(xian)有(you)約(yue)(yue)2萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)，集(ji)中在鄰(lin)近(jin)湖(hu)南省界(jie)處。宜豐縣(xian)(xian)黃岡、車(che)上(shang)、天寶、同安(an)、花橋等鄉(xiang)，有(you)大約(yue)(yue)3萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)，約(yue)(yue)占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)十分之一。奉(feng)新縣(xian)(xian)甘(gan)坊、七里、西塔、石溪(xi)、澡(zao)溪(xi)、仰(yang)山(shan)等鄉(xiang)，約(yue)(yue)5萬(wan)(wan)人(ren)，占(zhan)全縣(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)五分之一。靖(jing)安(an)縣(xian)(xian)官(guan)莊、澡(zao)都(dou)等鄉(xiang)。高(gao)安(an)市(shi)華林鄉(xiang)。修水縣(xian)(xian)山(shan)口(kou)、何市(shi)、上(shang)奉(feng)等鄉(xiang)。武寧縣(xian)(xian)石門鄉(xiang)。

客家(jia)(jia)(jia)話(hua)還(huan)見于(yu)以下地方：廣昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)驛前鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。永豐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)潭頭、龍岡、君埠等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。吉安(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)天河鎮、前嶺、官田(tian)、敖城、指陽、東固、富田(tian)等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。泰和(he)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)橋頭、碧溪、老營盤、上圮、中龍、小龍、水(shui)槎、沙(sha)村等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，人(ren)口(kou)約(yue)3萬多。萬安(an)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)順峰、澗田(tian)、寶山(shan)、武術、桂(gui)江(jiang)(jiang)、羅塘(tang)等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)40％左右。遂川(chuan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)除縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城泉江(jiang)(jiang)鎮和(he)附(fu)近的(de)瑤廈、珠田(tian)、年(nian)源(yuan)、雩(yu)田(tian)、枚江(jiang)(jiang)、盆珠等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)說(shuo)贛語之(zhi)(zhi)外，全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)其(qi)余(yu)二(er)十多個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)都說(shuo)客家(jia)(jia)(jia)話(hua)，客籍(ji)占全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)三(san)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)二(er)。井(jing)岡山(shan)市(shi)黃坳、下七、長(chang)坪等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和(he)羅浮(fu)墾殖場(chang)的(de)大井(jing)、朱砂(sha)、羅浮(fu)二(er)個(ge)分(fen)(fen)場(chang)，客籍(ji)占全(quan)市(shi)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)約(yue)40％。寧岡縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)睦村、茅(mao)坪、大隴、白露、荷花等鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，客籍(ji)人(ren)口(kou)2萬，不(bu)到(dao)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)口(kou)的(de)三(san)分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)一。永新縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)坳南、曲江(jiang)(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，客籍(ji)人(ren)口(kou)2000。以上九個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)市(shi)的(de)客家(jia)(jia)(jia)話(hua)地區與贛南客家(jia)(jia)(jia)話(hua)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)份連(lian)成一片。贛東北橫峰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)龍門鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)上源(yuan)排(pai)、戈家(jia)(jia)(jia)村也說(shuo)客家(jia)(jia)(jia)話(hua)，約(yue)600人(ren)。其(qi)他有的(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)份也有零星客籍(ji)，如蓮花縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)荷塘(tang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)只有幾戶人(ren)家(jia)(jia)(jia)說(shuo)客家(jia)(jia)(jia)話(hua)。

三.官話區

官話(hua)(hua)(hua)區有5個市(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)，其中九江(jiang)市(shi)(shi)、九江(jiang)、瑞(rui)昌市(shi)(shi)說江(jiang)淮官話(hua)(hua)(hua)。（瑞(rui)昌市(shi)(shi)大部(bu)分鄉(xiang)鎮說江(jiang)淮官話(hua)(hua)(hua)，南面少(shao)數幾個鄉(xiang)說贛語(yu)），贛州市(shi)(shi)城區和信豐說西南官話(hua)(hua)(hua)（信豐縣(xian)(xian)城嘉定鎮及桃江(jiang)鄉(xiang)的大部(bu)分、大阿鄉(xiang)的太平(ping)圍村說西南官話(hua)(hua)(hua)，全縣(xian)(xian)大部(bu)分農村說客家(jia)話(hua)(hua)(hua);

四.吳語區

吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)區有(you)4個市縣：上(shang)饒(rao)市、上(shang)饒(rao)、廣豐、玉山。德興縣的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)頭山也說吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)。江西的(de)(de)(de)吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)區在贛東(dong)北，與浙(zhe)江省(sheng)衢(qu)州一帶的(de)(de)(de)吳(wu)語(yu)(yu)連成一片。

五.徽語區有3個縣：婺源、德興、浮梁。

六.除(chu)贛(gan)語(yu)、客(ke)家(jia)話(hua)、江(jiang)(jiang)淮(huai)官話(hua)、西南官話(hua)、吳語(yu)、徽語(yu)以(yi)外(wai)，全省名地還有一些近代從外(wai)省遷入的(de)(de)(de)移(yi)民(min)，說(shuo)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)方言，主要的(de)(de)(de)有“福建(jian)腔”，分散在(zai)贛(gan)東(dong)北的(de)(de)(de)幾個縣。解放后修(xiu)新(xin)安(an)江(jiang)(jiang)水庫，有不(bu)少說(shuo)吳語(yu)的(de)(de)(de)浙江(jiang)(jiang)移(yi)民(min)，遷移(yi)到江(jiang)(jiang)西的(de)(de)(de)一些縣居(ju)住，主要也在(zai)贛(gan)東(dong)北。

少數(shu)民(min)族(zu)語(yu)言(yan)有瑤(yao)(yao)語(yu)，在全南縣竹山鄉(xiang)嵠(xi)山村(cun)，人口約200人，說瑤(yao)(yao)語(yu)和(he)當地的客家話(hua)。江西省的其他少數(shu)民(min)族(zu)，主(zhu)要是畬(yu)族(zu)，不(bu)說自己的少數(shu)民(min)族(zu)語(yu)言(yan)，只說當地的漢語(yu)方(fang)言(yan)。

七.江西地方言

（一）南昌：

1.切了貨——完(wan)了，遇上事(shi)兒了

2.祝希哩——干什么，為(wei)什么

3.冒有(you)——沒有(you)的意(yi)思

4.搭到了(le)(le)頭——意(yi)指一件(jian)事本來(lai)很容(rong)易做成卻(que)把它弄(nong)砸了(le)(le)或不(bu)切合(he)實際的(de)事卻(que)冒險(xian)做了(le)(le)或要做

5.恰了飯(fan)啵(bo)——南昌人見(jian)面常說的(de)一句話，問對方有(you)沒(mei)有(you)吃(chi)飯(fan)，可見(jian)南昌人的(de)熱情

6.平整(zheng)——意指好，可指人(ren)也可指事

7.喀[kie]氣——意指女人漂亮

8.啷[long]——意指怎么，南(nan)昌話(hua)中用得很多(duo)的一個(ge)詞

9.森頭搭(da)腦——意指(zhi)人很笨，很傻，類(lei)似(si)南(nan)昌話(hua)中(zhong)“鵝”字

10.雜隙——趕快(kuai)

（二）九江話

1.面(mian)的——黃蟲(chong)

2.做事搞一(yi)下，弄一(yi)下——杯一(yi)哈

3.女(nv)生愛打扮——搖婆精(jing)

4.設圈套(tao)——做(zuo)合(he)子

5.撒謊——撤白乎, 逗(dou)控

6.煩(fan)人(ren)——ZEI人(ren), ZEI心, 腫人(ren)

7.這里——跌地

8.開始——嘎式

9.鼻涕(ti)——壁龍拋

10.地痞——流（第四聲）子板兒

（三）景德鎮話

1.么(me)(me)的檸(ning)——什么(me)(me)人(ren)

2.嘎嘎——爺爺

3.恰子——瘋瘋顛(dian)顛(dian)

4.打風暴——雷陣(zhen)雨

5.恰(qia)面樣個——指事情很容(rong)易辦成

6.剎(cha)么——吹牛

7.拓古拓太——形容一個東西好(hao)大

8.崽(zai)里子——小(xiao)伙子

9.女(nv)崽里(li)——姑娘

10. 排場——漂(piao)亮

（四）宜春話

1.bà急——急匆忙忙

2.巴薩——蜘蛛

3.百(bai)思(si)百(bai)——一百(bai)多

4.bià頭上——墻上

5.滿四——到(dao)處

6.特今——故意

7.精痛(tong)——很痛(tong)

8.左思(si)——干脆

9.[滿]zí——等一下~就來

10.得了個——不得了的

（五）萍鄉話

1.恰里(li)飯(fan)(fan)冒——吃了飯(fan)(fan)嗎

2.有腳冒(mao)——有人嗎(3缺1)

3.腦(nao)殼上(shang)兩(liang)扎贈(zeng)古腦(nao)——頭上(shang)敲(qiao)兩(liang)下(xia)

4.你(ni)搞雜里哦(e)？——你(ni)(想)做什(shen)么(me)呢?/ 你(ni)(想)干嘛(ma)?

5.冰冷(lǎn)一(yi)壺(音(yin)fú)燒酒——形(xing)容做某件事虎(hu)頭蛇尾冷了場

6.乜（miē）爛咯(ge)——形容肉類、果品等(deng)食物已經熟(shu)透(tou)；或(huo)形容物品被破壞得比較嚴重；或(huo)形容某件事情(qing)在進行中(zhong)被攪得一團(tuan)糟；

7.莪苠(min)菅(jian)(音(yin)gàn)棘——形容某(mou)(mou)人為某(mou)(mou)件事而(er)糾纏不清

8.稀喲咯——形容物體的濃度和(he)硬(ying)度都較低，成稠(chou)泥狀。

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