一、機械密封裝置故障的表現與成因介紹
1、摩擦過熱
機械密封(feng)(feng)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)產(chan)生(sheng)過熱(re)現(xian)(xian)象,極易引發更(geng)多(duo)故障問題,處于(yu)(yu)正常使(shi)用狀態,機械所產(chan)生(sheng)熱(re)應力過于(yu)(yu)強(qiang)烈,密封(feng)(feng)環(huan)所在表面位置(zhi)便(bian)會有(you)徑向的斷裂現(xian)(xian)象產(chan)生(sheng),即為熱(re)裂。產(chan)生(sheng)這(zhe)種(zhong)熱(re)烈現(xian)(xian)象后,嚴(yan)重影(ying)響著密封(feng)(feng)機械物理特性(xing),致使(shi)密封(feng)(feng)性(xing)嚴(yan)重受(shou)損。高(gao)溫環(huan)境、介質較低的潤滑(hua)性(xing)、短時(shi)間較高(gao)負荷、所搭配材(cai)料如果不能與基本條件各(ge)層面因素相吻合,均會導致密封(feng)(feng)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的關鍵部件有(you)較多(duo)摩擦熱(re)量(liang)產(chan)生(sheng),密封(feng)(feng)環(huan)整個(ge)表面極易有(you)熱(re)裂紋產(chan)生(sheng),以(yi)至于(yu)(yu)密封(feng)(feng)失效。
2、機械磨損
密(mi)封(feng)機(ji)械(xie)若(ruo)失去潤滑會(hui)處于較(jiao)長時(shi)間(jian)的干磨狀態,這是破壞(huai)密(mi)封(feng)環正常組(zu)合(he)關(guan)系的核心因素。機(ji)械(xie)密(mi)封(feng)動(dong)(dong)靜環端(duan)面(mian)若(ruo)有明顯摩擦(ca)受(shou)損,轉動(dong)(dong)軸則每運(yun)行到(dao)一(yi)圈后,其密(mi)封(feng)元件(jian)便會(hui)與原運(yun)行規律軌道相偏離,影響(xiang)到(dao)化工設備、裝(zhuang)置(zhi)的總體密(mi)封(feng)性。
3、缺乏完善輔助性沖洗系統
機(ji)械(xie)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)的輔助沖洗(xi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)屬于密封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝置實現(xian)清(qing)洗(xi)處理重要的輔助性系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),沖洗(xi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在機(ji)械(xie)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)的實際運行期間能(neng)否發揮作用較為(wei)關鍵。但多數化工企業并未有效發揮其輔助沖洗(xi)功(gong)能(neng),故(gu)無法通過此系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)將機(ji)械(xie)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)總體(ti)效果(guo)提升,對(dui)機(ji)械(xie)總體(ti)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)性影(ying)響相(xiang)對(dui)較大,沖洗(xi)液內若(ruo)有雜質或是(shi)沖洗(xi)液壓力(li)不(bu)足,密封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝置便極易(yi)發生故(gu)障。故(gu)機(ji)械(xie)密封(feng)(feng)(feng)輔助沖洗(xi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)若(ruo)失效,要求(qiu)技(ji)術員務必及時發現(xian)問題、迅速檢查出來,好輔助沖洗(xi)整個系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),以免破壞整個密封(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。
4、零件失效
機(ji)械密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)零(ling)件失效(xiao),屬于機(ji)械密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)較(jiao)(jiao)為常見(jian)故(gu)障,發生此類故(gu)障多(duo)數因輔助性(xing)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)發生失靈(ling)所致(zhi)。密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)若(ruo)存在老化(hua)嚴重(zhong)、擠出(chu)或者(zhe)扭曲損傷、永久變(bian)形等(deng)相關問(wen)題或現象,則密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)自身密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)性(xing)便(bian)會失效(xiao)。故(gu)具體選(xuan)定(ding)O型(xing)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)時,要(yao)求技術(shu)員務(wu)必著(zhu)重(zhong)分(fen)析(xi)合成橡膠(jiao)具體使用溫(wen)度(du)、介(jie)質條件等(deng),選(xuan)定(ding)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)截面積、較(jiao)(jiao)高硬度(du)、耐(nai)受能力強(qiang)的(de)一類橡膠(jiao)材質。
二、機械密封可以修復嗎
機械密(mi)封(feng)是(shi)可以維修的,特別是(shi)大型(xing)的機械密(mi)封(feng),像API標(biao)準的泵用(yong)、反應(ying)釜和(he)攪拌(ban)器用(yong)的機械密(mi)封(feng)都可以維修。
廠(chang)家維修(xiu)的(de)好完全(quan)可以(yi)替代新品,很(hen)多人(ren)認為機械密封不可以(yi)維修(xiu),整套(tao)機械密封被(bei)丟棄,直接買新密封,成(cheng)本特別(bie)高(gao),造成(cheng)浪費。