貝(bei)復舒滴眼(yan)液經銷商提(ti)醒你:使用眼(yan)藥水注意以下6點(dian)
在日常生活中,由(you)于兩者使用不當而釀成(cheng)惡果的事(shi)兒(er)時有耳(er)聞。那么(me)該(gai)如何正確、合理使用眼藥水和眼藥膏來預防近視呢?
很(hen)多人(ren)會不以為(wei)意(yi)的說,眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)水和眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)膏不就是(shi)那么使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)嗎(ma)?而且(qie)我在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時,已經仔細閱讀藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物的使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)說明(ming)了,但是(shi)很(hen)多人(ren)都是(shi)只關注它的使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)說明(ming)和成分等,但是(shi)你們(men)有注意(yi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物的適應癥和禁忌癥嗎(ma)?而且(qie)有嚴格按(an)照醫生的囑(zhu)咐(fu)或使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)說明(ming)合理應用(yong)(yong)(yong)嗎(ma)?在此(ci)再(zai)次講(jiang)述一下(xia)滴(di)用(yong)(yong)(yong)眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)水和眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)膏需注意(yi)以下(xia)事項:
1、眼藥(yao)水內包裝如(ru)果是(shi)由(you)生理鹽水和藥(yao)物粉(fen)劑(ji)所組成的,應(ying)自(zi)行混合后使用,否則僅僅是(shi)滴(di)生理鹽水而已。
2、由于眼(yan)藥(yao)水(shui)和(he)眼(yan)藥(yao)膏開瓶(ping)后直(zhi)接暴露在(zai)空氣中,滴(di)用(yong)時難免與眼(yan)部(bu)接觸造成污(wu)染,所以建議將第一(yi)滴(di)藥(yao)水(shui)和(he)藥(yao)膏去除后才滴(di)入眼(yan)內。
3、如果(guo)因(yin)為患(huan)者患(huan)有急性(xing)炎癥需要使(shi)用眼藥水和眼藥膏(gao),但是(shi)急性(xing)炎癥大(da)多伴有眼部(bu)大(da)量分泌物時(shi),應(ying)清除(chu)分泌物后使(shi)用眼藥膏(gao)。
4、眼部(bu)炎(yan)癥局部(bu)充血明顯(xian)時,可先進(jin)行(xing)熱敷,再滴用眼藥,效果更佳(jia)。而對于某些(xie)過敏性角結膜(mo)炎(yan)則應(ying)采取(qu)冷敷或冰敷后點藥,眼用藥物冷藏(zang)后使用為宜。
5、滴眼藥(yao)時(shi),洗凈雙(shuang)(shuang)手(shou),取仰(yang)臥(wo)或(huo)坐位,頭稍后仰(yang),睜(zheng)開(kai)雙(shuang)(shuang)眼以一手(shou)食指輕輕固定下(xia)眼瞼于(yu)眼眶下(xia)緣(請勿壓迫眼球)。可輕拉(la)下(xia)眼皮,暴露穹窿結(jie)膜后,將(jiang)藥(yao)水或(huo)藥(yao)膏(gao)滴涂(tu)于(yu)結(jie)膜囊(nang)內,每次(ci)藥(yao)水1-2滴,藥(yao)膏(gao)布(bu)滿結(jie)膜囊(nang)即可。點(dian)滴時(shi),藥(yao)瓶口應適當距離眼約(yue)3cm高處,避免觸及睫毛造成污染,如果一只眼睛患有炎癥,而另一眼睛沒(mei)有,切勿使用(yong)同一支眼藥(yao)水和眼藥(yao)膏(gao),防(fang)止交叉感染。
6、未(wei)開封的(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)水藥(yao)(yao)膏應(ying)置于(yu)冰箱內貯存或安放于(yu)避光(guang)陰涼處。對于(yu)已(yi)過有效期或藥(yao)(yao)物顏(yan)色明顯(xian)改變的(de)(de)(de)眼藥(yao)(yao),千萬不可盲目(mu)使(shi)用(yong)。眼藥(yao)(yao)內的(de)(de)(de)成份往(wang)往(wang)已(yi)發生改變,滴用(yong)后可引起炎癥刺激或過敏反(fan)應(ying)。
近年來(lai),各類(lei)新藥(yao)(yao)制(zhi)劑層出不(bu)(bu)窮(qiong)(qiong)。在(zai)大量使(shi)(shi)用眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)的(de)同時,醫務人員也越來(lai)越多地注意(yi)到各類(lei)藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)所帶來(lai)的(de)并發癥。長期(qi)使(shi)(shi)用激(ji)素(su)(su)類(lei)眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)可造成激(ji)素(su)(su)性青(qing)光眼(yan)(yan),眼(yan)(yan)壓升高,視野損 害,視神經萎縮,最終導致視力喪失。由(you)于濫用該類(lei)藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)造成終身遺憾的(de)病例不(bu)(bu)勝(sheng)枚舉。病毒(du)(du)性或真菌性角(jiao)膜炎早期(qi),因激(ji)素(su)(su)類(lei)眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)用不(bu)(bu)當,可誘使(shi)(shi)病情加重,角(jiao)膜潰瘍穿(chuan)孔,眼(yan)(yan)球(qiu)萎縮失明。另(ling)外,抗(kang)菌素(su)(su)和抗(kang)病毒(du)(du)眼(yan)(yan)藥(yao)(yao)也不(bu)(bu)可長期(qi)使(shi)(shi)用,其惡果是藥(yao)(yao)物(wu)毒(du)(du)性反應和干眼(yan)(yan),角(jiao)膜上皮脫落經久不(bu)(bu)愈,后(hou)患無窮(qiong)(qiong)。
臨床上,患有各(ge)類(lei)青光眼(yan)的病(bing)人(ren)逐(zhu)步增多,降眼(yan)壓藥(yao)(yao)已(yi)成常規眼(yan)藥(yao)(yao),尤其是(shi)噻嗎心(xin)安(an)等一(yi)類(lei)?-受體阻滯(zhi)劑使用(yong)(yong)(yong)更為(wei)普遍。使用(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)一(yi)類(lei)藥(yao)(yao)時(shi),應(ying)特別注(zhu)意病(bing)人(ren)是(shi)否(fou)患有嚴重的心(xin)臟病(bing)(心(xin)動(dong)過緩)和(he)哮喘,盲目滴(di)用(yong)(yong)(yong),常可(ke)(ke)(ke)誘(you)發上述(shu)病(bing)癥,產生(sheng)難(nan)以彌補的后果。對于(yu)含有氯霉(mei)素眼(yan)藥(yao)(yao)的使用(yong)(yong)(yong)應(ying)謹(jin)慎(shen),長期應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)抑制骨髓再生(sheng),特別是(shi)小兒(er)長期滴(di)用(yong)(yong)(yong)后,可(ke)(ke)(ke)引起再生(sheng)障(zhang)礙性貧血的發生(sheng)。老(lao)年人(ren)和(he)前(qian)房較(jiao)淺者的眼(yan)病(bing)患者,應(ying)盡可(ke)(ke)(ke)能避免使用(yong)(yong)(yong)阿(a)托品(pin)一(yi)類(lei)強效(xiao)擴瞳(tong)藥(yao)(yao)。
其(qi)原因是由(you)于這類藥使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)后可使(shi)(shi)(shi)瞳孔散大,堵塞(sai)房角(jiao),誘使(shi)(shi)(shi)閉角(jiao)型(xing)青光眼(yan)(yan)發作,而(er)且(qie),此(ci)類眼(yan)(yan)壓升高往往難以控制。小兒(er)擴(kuo)瞳驗光使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)阿(a)(a)托(tuo)品時,一定(ding)要注意在(zai)滴藥后按壓內眼(yan)(yan)角(jiao)數分(fen)鐘,擦去過剩(sheng)的溶液和眼(yan)(yan)膏(gao),防止(zhi)眼(yan)(yan)藥由(you)鼻粘膜(mo)吸(xi)收(shou)入血,引起臉(lian)部(bu)潮(chao)紅、發熱、口干、心跳加速等阿(a)(a)托(tuo)品毒性反應。即便出現這些癥狀,也(ye)不必(bi)驚慌,可給(gei)小孩多(duo)喝水(shui),使(shi)(shi)(shi)藥物稀(xi)釋(shi),促進(jin)其(qi)從尿中排 出,減輕毒性癥狀。廈(sha)門眼(yan)(yan)科中心在(zai)此(ci)羅列上(shang)述例子并非(fei)危言聳聽,而(er)意在(zai)忠告讀者(zhe)重視眼(yan)(yan)藥的正確使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)。小小眼(yan)(yan)藥水(shui),關系你我他;要保眼(yan)(yan)無恙,合理(li)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)它。