芒果视频

建造背景

華清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是唐(tang)(tang)代封(feng)建(jian)帝(di)王(wang)游(you)幸(xing)的(de)(de)別宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。背(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)面渭，倚驪(li)(li)(li)峰山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢而筑，規模(mo)(mo)宏大(da)，建(jian)筑壯麗，樓臺館殿(dian)(dian)，遍布驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)下。唐(tang)(tang)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)白居(ju)易《驪(li)(li)(li)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)高(gao)(gao)》詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰：“高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)上(shang)有宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，朱樓紫殿(dian)(dian)三(san)(san)四(si)重(zhong)”。清(qing)人(ren)錢維喬《華清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)》詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)道：“華清(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)足，玉殿(dian)(dian)千重(zhong)相連(lian)屬”。驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)景色(se)宜人(ren)，溫(wen)(wen)泉(quan)蕩邪去疾。傳說遠在三(san)(san)千年(nian)(nian)前的(de)(de)西周時(shi)期，就已成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)周天子(zi)的(de)(de)游(you)幸(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)地。那時(shi)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)泉(quan)名“星辰湯(tang)(tang)”。《三(san)(san)秦記》載(zai)：“始皇(huang)初，砌石起宇，名驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)湯(tang)(tang)，漢武加修(xiu)飾(shi)焉”。北(bei)周武帝(di)天和四(si)年(nian)(nian)（569），令(ling)大(da)冢宰宇文護造皇(huang)湯(tang)(tang)石井。隋(sui)文帝(di)開皇(huang)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)（583）列植松柏千株，修(xiu)屋建(jian)宇。至唐(tang)(tang)代逐步形成(cheng)規模(mo)(mo)。唐(tang)(tang)太(tai)宗(zong)貞觀(guan)十八(ba)年(nian)(nian)（644），詔左衛大(da)將軍姜行本(ben)，將作大(da)匠閻立德建(jian)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)室(shi)樓閣，賜(si)名“湯(tang)(tang)泉(quan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”。《冊府元(yuan)龜》載(zai)：“貞觀(guan)二十二年(nian)(nian)（648）正月戊戌，帝(di)如溫(wen)(wen)湯(tang)(tang)。癸卯(mao)，御制碑(bei)以(yi)示群臣(chen)”。唐(tang)(tang)高(gao)(gao)宗(zong)咸(xian)亨二年(nian)(nian)（671）改名溫(wen)(wen)泉(quan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。唐(tang)(tang)玄宗(zong)天寶六(liu)載(zai)（747），更溫(wen)(wen)泉(quan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為(wei)(wei)華清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，“環(huan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)所置百司區(qu)署，詔琯(guan)總經度(du)驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，疏巖(yan)剔藪，為(wei)(wei)天子(zi)游(you)覽”（《唐(tang)(tang)書·房琯(guan)傳》）。華清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)因在驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，又叫驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，亦稱驪(li)(li)(li)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。白居(ju)易《驪(li)(li)(li)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)高(gao)(gao)》詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)：“驪(li)(li)(li)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)高(gao)(gao)兮入云”。驪(li)(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)似錦(jin)若繡，一(yi)名繡嶺，宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)因山(shan)(shan)(shan)名，亦名繡嶺宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。唐(tang)(tang)代詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)崔涂、李(li)商隱(yin)、崔道融詠(yong)華清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，皆以(yi)“繡嶺宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”為(wei)(wei)詩(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)名。

歷史變遷

華清(qing)(qing)宮始(shi)建于唐(tang)初(chu)，鼎盛于唐(tang)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)宗(zong)執政以后(hou)(hou)。唐(tang)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)宗(zong)悉心經營建起如此宏(hong)大的(de)(de)離宮，他幾乎每年(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)月(yue)都要到(dao)此游(you)幸(xing)(xing)。歲盡始(shi)還(huan)長(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)。故有“十(shi)(shi)月(yue)一(yi)日天子(zi)來(lai)，青繩(sheng)御路無(wu)塵(chen)埃”之名句。據清(qing)(qing)乾隆本《臨潼縣志》載(zai)：從開元二年(nian)(nian)（714）到(dao)天寶(bao)十(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)（755）的(de)(de)40年(nian)(nian)間，先后(hou)(hou)出游(you)華清(qing)(qing)宮36次，有時一(yi)年(nian)(nian)兩去，其微行間出無(wu)法計算。游(you)幸(xing)(xing)規模甚大，“千乘萬旗被原野，云(yun)霞(xia)草(cao)木相輝光”。“八十(shi)(shi)一(yi)車千萬騎，朝有宴飲(yin)暮(mu)有賜”。等于把長(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)的(de)(de)政府(fu)機關(guan)搬到(dao)驪山，竟然以華清(qing)(qing)宮為(wei)中心，形成了(le)一(yi)個新(xin)的(de)(de)城市。安(an)(an)史亂后(hou)(hou)，政局突變(bian)，唐(tang)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)宗(zong)終于從皇(huang)帝(di)的(de)(de)寶(bao)座(zuo)上跌落(luo)了(le)下來(lai)。華清(qing)(qing)宮的(de)(de)游(you)幸(xing)(xing)迅速衰(shuai)落(luo)，唐(tang)朝以后(hou)(hou)各(ge)代皇(huang)帝(di)已很少出游(you)華清(qing)(qing)宮。

后晉(jin)高(gao)祖(zu)(zu)天福年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間，把(ba)破(po)壞的華(hua)(hua)(hua)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)宮(gong)(gong)“改曰靈泉觀”，賜予(yu)道(dao)(dao)士。宋時(shi)，“湯所(suo)館(guan)殿，鞠(ju)為茂(mao)草(cao)”，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物已(yi)(yi)十分破(po)爛。宋人只能(neng)根據華(hua)(hua)(hua)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)宮(gong)(gong)的遺跡，“刊故宮(gong)(gong)圖(tu)于石”，讓后人知道(dao)(dao)唐代華(hua)(hua)(hua)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)宮(gong)(gong)的全盛而已(yi)(yi)。至元世祖(zu)(zu)中統二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1261）以(yi)前，有(you)趙志古等(deng)人，組織民(min)間力量，曾(ceng)以(yi)15年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的時(shi)間整修(xiu)(xiu)華(hua)(hua)(hua)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)宮(gong)(gong)，曾(ceng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)起三清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)殿等(deng)八座(zuo)大殿，朝(chao)元、沖(chong)明二(er)閣和九龍、芙蓉等(deng)湯池(chi)(chi)（據乾隆本《臨潼(tong)縣志》）。以(yi)后又(you)逐漸蕭(xiao)條。清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)圣祖(zu)(zu)康(kang)熙(xi)四十二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（1702）冬十一(yi)月西(xi)巡時(shi)也(ye)重修(xiu)(xiu)過(guo)(guo)華(hua)(hua)(hua)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)池(chi)(chi)（原華(hua)(hua)(hua)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)宮(gong)(gong)），他(ta)曾(ceng)“駐蹕溫泉”。民(min)國時(shi)期(qi)，也(ye)有(you)過(guo)(guo)幾次整修(xiu)(xiu)，可是(shi)華(hua)(hua)(hua)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)池(chi)(chi)及驪(li)山所(suo)存(cun)古建(jian)(jian)(jian)，大約(yue)就是(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)初重建(jian)(jian)(jian)后所(suo)保留下的格局，到解(jie)放前已(yi)(yi)是(shi)湯池(chi)(chi)寥落，宮(gong)(gong)殿蕭(xiao)疏(shu)，一(yi)片破(po)敗(bai)景象。

解放后人民(min)政府自1959年起(qi)進行了大規模的擴建，辟湯池(chi)，修(xiu)殿宇，建賓館，開(kai)花園，使古老的華清(qing)宮(gong)煥發了青春，成為人民(min)群眾(zhong)游樂之處(chu)。

景區榮譽

2018年4月13日，2018中國西北旅游(you)營銷大會暨旅游(you)裝備(bei)展(zhan)上，入圍“神奇(qi)西北100景”排名第二。