《越絕(jue)外傳記寶(bao)劍》第十三
昔者,越王句踐有寶劍五,聞於天下。客有能相劍者,名薛燭。王召而問之,曰:「吾有寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)劍五(wu),請以示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。」薛(xue)燭對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「愚理不(bu)(bu)足以言,大(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)請,不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)已(yi)。」乃召掌者(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)(wang)(wang)使(shi)取(qu)毫(hao)曹。薛(xue)燭對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「毫(hao)曹,非(fei)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)劍也。夫寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)劍,五(wu)色并見,莫能相勝。毫(hao)曹已(yi)擅名(ming)矣(yi),非(fei)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)劍也。」王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「取(qu)巨(ju)闕(que)。」薛(xue)燭曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「非(fei)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)劍也。寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)劍者(zhe)(zhe),金錫和銅而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)離。今(jin)(jin)巨(ju)闕(que)已(yi)離矣(yi),非(fei)寶(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)劍也。」王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「然巨(ju)闕(que)初成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),吾(wu)坐於(wu)露壇(tan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang),宮人有(you)四駕白(bai)鹿而(er)(er)(er)過者(zhe)(zhe),車奔鹿驚,吾(wu)引(yin)(yin)劍而(er)(er)(er)指之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),四駕上(shang)飛揚,不(bu)(bu)知其絕也。穿銅釜,絕鐵?,胥中(zhong)決如(ru)粢米,故曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)巨(ju)闕(que)。」王(wang)(wang)(wang)取(qu)純鈞(jun),薛(xue)燭聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),忽如(ru)敗。有(you)頃,懼(ju)如(ru)悟。下(xia)(xia)階而(er)(er)(er)深(shen)惟(wei),簡衣而(er)(er)(er)坐望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。手振(zhen)拂揚,其華捽如(ru)芙(fu)蓉(rong)始出。觀(guan)其釽,爛如(ru)列星之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行;觀(guan)其光,渾渾如(ru)水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溢於(wu)塘;觀(guan)其斷,巖巖如(ru)瑣石;觀(guan)其才,煥煥如(ru)冰釋。「此所謂純鈞(jun)耶?」王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「是(shi)也。客(ke)有(you)直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),有(you)市(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)二,駿馬千(qian)疋,千(qian)戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)二,可乎?」薛(xue)燭對曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「不(bu)(bu)可。當造此劍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),赤(chi)堇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山,破(po)而(er)(er)(er)出錫;若耶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溪(xi),涸而(er)(er)(er)出銅;雨師(shi)掃(sao)灑,雷公擊(ji)橐;蛟龍捧(peng)鑪,天(tian)帝裝(zhuang)炭;太一下(xia)(xia)觀(guan),天(tian)精(jing)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。歐冶乃因天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)神,悉其伎巧,造為大(da)刑三(san)、小刑二:一曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)湛(zhan)盧,二曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)純鈞(jun),三(san)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)勝邪,四曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)魚腸(chang),五(wu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)巨(ju)闕(que)。吳王(wang)(wang)(wang)闔(he)廬(lu)(lu)(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),得(de)(de)其勝邪、魚腸(chang)、湛(zhan)盧。闔(he)廬(lu)(lu)(lu)無(wu)道(dao),子(zi)女死(si),殺生以送之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。湛(zhan)盧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍,去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)水(shui),行秦過楚(chu),楚(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)臥而(er)(er)(er)寤,得(de)(de)吳王(wang)(wang)(wang)湛(zhan)盧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍,將首魁漂而(er)(er)(er)存焉。秦王(wang)(wang)(wang)聞而(er)(er)(er)求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de),興師(shi)擊(ji)楚(chu),曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):『與我(wo)湛(zhan)盧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍,還師(shi)去汝(ru)。』楚(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)與。時(shi)闔(he)廬(lu)(lu)(lu)又以魚腸(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍刺吳王(wang)(wang)(wang)僚,使(shi)披(pi)腸(chang)夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲三(san)事。闔(he)廬(lu)(lu)(lu)使(shi)專諸(zhu)為奏(zou)炙魚者(zhe)(zhe),引(yin)(yin)劍而(er)(er)(er)刺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂弒王(wang)(wang)(wang)僚。此其小試於(wu)敵(di)邦,未見其大(da)用於(wu)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)也。今(jin)(jin)赤(chi)堇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山已(yi)合(he),若耶溪(xi)深(shen)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)測。群神不(bu)(bu)下(xia)(xia),歐冶子(zi)即(ji)死(si)。雖復傾(qing)城量金,珠玉竭河,猶不(bu)(bu)能得(de)(de)此一物,有(you)市(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)二、駿馬千(qian)疋、千(qian)戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)二,何足言哉(zai)!
純鈞是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)把(ba)尊貴無(wu)雙之(zhi)劍(jian)。春秋時期(qi),一(yi)(yi)個風和日麗的(de)午后,經過(guo)數年臥薪嘗(chang)膽終于(yu)擊敗吳(wu)國的(de)越王勾踐,睡了一(yi)(yi)個甜美的(de)午覺(jue)醒了過(guo)來(lai),心情非常舒(shu)暢。飲了一(yi)(yi)壺上好的(de)龍井新茶后,勾踐興致勃勃地(di)派(pai)手(shou)下(xia)去找(zhao)一(yi)(yi)個人。這個人就是(shi)(shi)薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)。薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)是(shi)(shi)秦國人,此時正在(zai)越國游歷。薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)雖然年紀(ji)輕(qing)輕(qing),但卻已經名動列國,被人稱為(wei)天下(xia)第一(yi)(yi)相劍(jian)大師。不大一(yi)(yi)會兒,眉清目秀文質彬(bin)(bin)彬(bin)(bin)的(de)薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)就趕(gan)來(lai)了。賓主一(yi)(yi)番客套寒暄之(zhi)后,就帶著隨從來(lai)到(dao)室外寬(kuan)闊的(de)露臺(tai)之(zhi)上。
越(yue)王(wang)勾踐(jian)酷愛刀劍(jian)(jian)(jian),這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)露臺高達數丈,氣勢舒張,光(guang)線充沛,專門用來看劍(jian)(jian)(jian)賞刀。落座(zuo)之后,勾踐(jian)掃了(le)一眼身邊(bian)的薛燭,心想這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)年輕人(ren)雖然年紀輕輕但卻閱劍(jian)(jian)(jian)無數,一般刀劍(jian)(jian)(jian)肯定(ding)難入他的法眼,于(yu)是,勾踐(jian)一開口就叫手下取來了(le)自己(ji)頗為得意的寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian):毫曹(cao)。哪(na)知,薛燭走馬觀(guan)花地看了(le)一遍,隨便(bian)地說了(le)一句:“這(zhe)(zhe)兩把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)都有缺點(dian),毫曹(cao)和(he)巨(ju)(ju)闕(que)(que)。哪(na)知,薛燭對二者并(bing)無佳評:“這(zhe)(zhe)兩把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)都有缺點(dian),毫曹(cao)光(guang)華散淡,巨(ju)(ju)闕(que)(que)質地趨粗,不能算寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)。”
勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)頗感意外,覺得很沒(mei)面子(zi),他想(xiang)了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)想(xiang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)咬牙,俯在一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)貼身(shen)(shen)侍(shi)從(cong)耳邊吩咐了(le)(le)幾句(ju),過了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)會兒(er),侍(shi)從(cong)率領(ling)幾百個(ge)(ge)鐵甲武士護送一(yi)(yi)(yi)把寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)來(lai)(lai)到臺(tai)下。薛(xue)燭(zhu)感到好笑,問道(dao):“大(da)王這(zhe)么(me)興師動眾(zhong),拿(na)來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)什么(me)劍(jian)(jian)啊(a)?”勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)對(dui)薛(xue)燭(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)態(tai)度有一(yi)(yi)(yi)絲不快,他沒(mei)好氣地吐出(chu)了(le)(le)兩個(ge)(ge)字:“純鈞(jun)”。只(zhi)聽見“咣啷”一(yi)(yi)(yi)聲(sheng),薛(xue)燭(zhu)從(cong)座位上(shang)仰面摔(shuai)倒,束發的(de)(de)(de)(de)金釵掉(diao)在地上(shang),一(yi)(yi)(yi)頭長發披散下來(lai)(lai),面色突然(ran)凝住(zhu)、呆滯。好大(da)一(yi)(yi)(yi)會兒(er),才突然(ran)驚醒,只(zhi)見他腳尖(jian)點(dian)(dian)地幾個(ge)(ge)縱躍掠下臺(tai)階,來(lai)(lai)到劍(jian)(jian)前,深(shen)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)躬,然(ran)后又表情(qing)肅(su)然(ran)地整理好自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)衣服,從(cong)侍(shi)者手(shou)中接過寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian),小心翼(yi)(yi)翼(yi)(yi)地敲(qiao)了(le)(le)幾敲(qiao)掂了(le)(le)幾掂之(zhi)后方(fang)才將劍(jian)(jian)從(cong)鞘中緩(huan)緩(huan)拔出(chu)。只(zhi)見一(yi)(yi)(yi)團光(guang)華(hua)綻放(fang)而(er)出(chu)宛如出(chu)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)芙蓉(rong)雍容而(er)清冽(lie),劍(jian)(jian)柄上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)雕飾如星(xing)宿運行閃出(chu)深(shen)邃的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)芒(mang),劍(jian)(jian)身(shen)(shen)、陽光(guang)渾然(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)體象清水(shui)漫過池塘從(cong)容而(er)舒(shu)緩(huan),而(er)劍(jian)(jian)刃(ren)就象壁(bi)立(li)千(qian)丈的(de)(de)(de)(de)斷崖(ya)崇高而(er)巍(wei)峨……過了(le)(le)好久,薛(xue)燭(zhu)才用顫抖的(de)(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)音(yin)問道(dao):“這(zhe)就是(shi)純鈞(jun)嗎(ma)?!”勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)點(dian)(dian)了(le)(le)點(dian)(dian)頭:“是(shi),”他得意地接著說道(dao):“有人要用千(qian)匹駿馬三處富鄉兩座大(da)城來(lai)(lai)換(huan)這(zhe)把寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian),你看行嗎(ma)?”薛(xue)燭(zhu)連(lian)忙說道(dao):“不能換(huan)。”勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)做(zuo)作地皺了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)下眉(mei)頭問道(dao):“為什么(me)?你說說道(dao)理。”薛(xue)燭(zhu)激(ji)動地大(da)聲(sheng)對(dui)道(dao):“因為這(zhe)把劍(jian)(jian)是(shi)天(tian)(tian)人共鑄(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不二之(zhi)作。為鑄(zhu)這(zhe)把劍(jian)(jian),千(qian)年赤堇山山破而(er)出(chu)錫,萬(wan)載若(ruo)耶(ye)江(jiang)江(jiang)水(shui)干涸而(er)出(chu)銅。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)之(zhi)時,雷公打鐵,雨(yu)娘淋水(shui),蛟龍捧爐,天(tian)(tian)帝裝炭(tan)。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)大(da)師歐冶(ye)子(zi)承天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)命嘔心瀝(li)血與眾(zhong)神(shen)(shen)鑄(zhu)磨十載此劍(jian)(jian)方(fang)成。劍(jian)(jian)成之(zhi)后,眾(zhong)神(shen)(shen)歸天(tian)(tian),赤堇山閉合如初(chu),若(ruo)耶(ye)江(jiang)波(bo)濤再起,歐冶(ye)子(zi)也力盡(jin)神(shen)(shen)竭(jie)而(er)亡,這(zhe)把劍(jian)(jian)已成絕唱,區區駿馬城池何足道(dao)哉……”勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)滿意地頻(pin)頻(pin)點(dian)(dian)頭:“說得有理,既是(shi)無價之(zhi)寶(bao),我就永(yong)遠把它珍藏吧。
故事見(jian)于(yu)《越(yue)絕書》。
越王允常命歐(ou)冶子鑄造了五(wu)(wu)把寶劍(jian),歐(ou)冶乃因天之精神,悉其伎巧(qiao),造為大(da)刑三、小刑二:一(yi)曰湛盧,二曰純鈞,三曰勝(sheng)邪(xie),四曰魚腸,五(wu)(wu)曰巨(ju)闕(que)。并稱越五(wu)(wu)劍(jian)。
1.圣道(dao)之劍(jian):軒轅夏禹(yu)
2.仁道之劍:湛盧
3.帝(di)道之劍:赤霄(xiao)
4.威道之劍:泰阿
5.誠信(xin)之(zhi)劍:七星龍淵
6/7.摯情之劍:干將/莫(mo)邪
8. 勇絕之劍:魚腸
9.尊(zun)貴無雙之劍:純鈞
10.精(jing)致優雅(ya)之劍:承影(ying)