《越(yue)絕外傳記寶劍(jian)》第十(shi)三
昔者,越王句踐有寶劍五,聞於天下。客有能相劍者,名薛燭。王召而問之,曰:「吾有寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)五(wu),請以(yi)(yi)示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。」薛(xue)燭(zhu)對曰(yue)(yue):「愚理不(bu)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)言(yan),大王(wang)(wang)(wang)請,不(bu)得已(yi)(yi)。」乃召掌者(zhe),王(wang)(wang)(wang)使(shi)取毫曹。薛(xue)燭(zhu)對曰(yue)(yue):「毫曹,非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。夫(fu)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),五(wu)色并見(jian),莫(mo)能(neng)相勝。毫曹已(yi)(yi)擅名矣,非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。」王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue):「取巨(ju)闕(que)(que)。」薛(xue)燭(zhu)曰(yue)(yue):「非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)者(zhe),金錫和銅而(er)(er)不(bu)離。今(jin)巨(ju)闕(que)(que)已(yi)(yi)離矣,非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。」王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue):「然(ran)巨(ju)闕(que)(que)初成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,吾坐(zuo)於(wu)露(lu)壇(tan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,宮人有(you)(you)四駕白鹿(lu)而(er)(er)過者(zhe),車奔鹿(lu)驚,吾引劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)(er)指之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),四駕上飛(fei)揚(yang),不(bu)知(zhi)其絕也(ye)。穿銅釜,絕鐵?,胥中決如粢米,故曰(yue)(yue)巨(ju)闕(que)(que)。」王(wang)(wang)(wang)取純(chun)鈞(jun),薛(xue)燭(zhu)聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),忽如敗(bai)。有(you)(you)頃(qing),懼如悟(wu)。下(xia)階而(er)(er)深惟(wei),簡衣而(er)(er)坐(zuo)望(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。手(shou)振(zhen)拂揚(yang),其華捽如芙蓉始出。觀(guan)其釽,爛如列星(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing);觀(guan)其光,渾渾如水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溢於(wu)塘;觀(guan)其斷,巖巖如瑣石;觀(guan)其才(cai),煥(huan)煥(huan)如冰釋。「此所謂純(chun)鈞(jun)耶(ye)?」王(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue):「是也(ye)。客有(you)(you)直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe),有(you)(you)市之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉二(er)(er),駿馬千疋(pi)(pi),千戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)二(er)(er),可乎?」薛(xue)燭(zhu)對曰(yue)(yue):「不(bu)可。當造(zao)此劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,赤堇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山,破(po)而(er)(er)出錫;若(ruo)(ruo)耶(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溪(xi)(xi),涸而(er)(er)出銅;雨師掃灑,雷公(gong)擊橐;蛟(jiao)龍捧(peng)鑪,天帝裝(zhuang)炭;太一下(xia)觀(guan),天精下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。歐(ou)冶乃因(yin)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精神,悉其伎巧,造(zao)為(wei)大刑三、小刑二(er)(er):一曰(yue)(yue)湛(zhan)盧(lu),二(er)(er)曰(yue)(yue)純(chun)鈞(jun),三曰(yue)(yue)勝邪,四曰(yue)(yue)魚腸(chang),五(wu)曰(yue)(yue)巨(ju)闕(que)(que)。吳(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)闔(he)廬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,得其勝邪、魚腸(chang)、湛(zhan)盧(lu)。闔(he)廬無道,子(zi)女(nv)死,殺生以(yi)(yi)送(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。湛(zhan)盧(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),去(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如水(shui),行(xing)秦過楚(chu)(chu),楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)臥(wo)而(er)(er)寤,得吳(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)湛(zhan)盧(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),將(jiang)首魁漂而(er)(er)存焉。秦王(wang)(wang)(wang)聞而(er)(er)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)得,興師擊楚(chu)(chu),曰(yue)(yue):『與我(wo)湛(zhan)盧(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),還師去(qu)汝。』楚(chu)(chu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)與。時闔(he)廬又(you)以(yi)(yi)魚腸(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刺(ci)吳(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)僚,使(shi)披腸(chang)夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲三事。闔(he)廬使(shi)專諸為(wei)奏炙魚者(zhe),引劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)(er)刺(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂弒王(wang)(wang)(wang)僚。此其小試於(wu)敵邦,未見(jian)其大用於(wu)天下(xia)也(ye)。今(jin)赤堇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山已(yi)(yi)合,若(ruo)(ruo)耶(ye)溪(xi)(xi)深而(er)(er)不(bu)測。群神不(bu)下(xia),歐(ou)冶子(zi)即死。雖(sui)復傾城量(liang)金,珠玉竭河,猶不(bu)能(neng)得此一物,有(you)(you)市之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉二(er)(er)、駿馬千疋(pi)(pi)、千戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)二(er)(er),何足(zu)(zu)言(yan)哉!
純鈞(jun)是(shi)一(yi)把尊貴(gui)無(wu)雙之(zhi)劍(jian)。春(chun)秋(qiu)時(shi)期,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)風和日(ri)麗的(de)(de)午后(hou),經過數(shu)年臥薪嘗(chang)膽(dan)終(zhong)于(yu)擊敗吳(wu)國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)越王勾踐,睡了(le)(le)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)甜美的(de)(de)午覺醒了(le)(le)過來,心情(qing)非(fei)常(chang)舒暢。飲了(le)(le)一(yi)壺上(shang)好的(de)(de)龍井(jing)新茶后(hou),勾踐興(xing)致(zhi)勃勃地派手下(xia)去找一(yi)個(ge)(ge)人。這個(ge)(ge)人就(jiu)是(shi)薛(xue)燭(zhu)。薛(xue)燭(zhu)是(shi)秦國(guo)(guo)人,此時(shi)正(zheng)在越國(guo)(guo)游歷。薛(xue)燭(zhu)雖然年紀輕(qing)輕(qing),但卻已(yi)經名動列國(guo)(guo),被人稱為天(tian)下(xia)第一(yi)相劍(jian)大師。不大一(yi)會(hui)兒(er),眉(mei)清目秀文質(zhi)彬彬的(de)(de)薛(xue)燭(zhu)就(jiu)趕來了(le)(le)。賓主一(yi)番客套寒暄之(zhi)后(hou),就(jiu)帶著(zhu)隨從來到室外寬闊的(de)(de)露臺之(zhi)上(shang)。
越王勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)酷愛刀(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),這(zhe)個(ge)露臺(tai)高達數(shu)丈,氣(qi)勢舒張,光線充沛(pei),專門用(yong)來看(kan)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)賞刀(dao)。落(luo)座之后,勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)掃了(le)一(yi)眼(yan)(yan)身(shen)邊的(de)薛(xue)燭(zhu),心(xin)想這(zhe)個(ge)年輕(qing)人雖然年紀(ji)輕(qing)輕(qing)但卻閱劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)無數(shu),一(yi)般刀(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)肯定難入他(ta)的(de)法眼(yan)(yan),于是(shi),勾(gou)(gou)踐(jian)(jian)一(yi)開(kai)口就叫手下取來了(le)自己頗(po)為得意的(de)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian):毫(hao)(hao)曹(cao)。哪(na)知,薛(xue)燭(zhu)走馬觀花地看(kan)了(le)一(yi)遍,隨便地說了(le)一(yi)句:“這(zhe)兩把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)有(you)缺點,毫(hao)(hao)曹(cao)和巨闕(que)。哪(na)知,薛(xue)燭(zhu)對二者并無佳評(ping):“這(zhe)兩把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)有(you)缺點,毫(hao)(hao)曹(cao)光華散淡,巨闕(que)質(zhi)地趨粗,不能算寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。”
勾(gou)踐頗感意外,覺得(de)很(hen)沒(mei)面子(zi)(zi)(zi),他想了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)想,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)咬牙,俯在一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)貼身侍從(cong)耳邊吩咐了(le)(le)幾句(ju),過了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)會(hui)(hui)兒,侍從(cong)率領幾百個(ge)(ge)鐵甲武士(shi)護送一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)把寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)來(lai)到臺下。薛(xue)燭(zhu)感到好笑,問道:“大(da)王這么(me)興師(shi)(shi)動(dong)眾,拿來(lai)的(de)(de)是什(shen)(shen)么(me)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)啊?”勾(gou)踐對薛(xue)燭(zhu)的(de)(de)態度(du)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)絲不(bu)快(kuai),他沒(mei)好氣地(di)(di)吐出(chu)了(le)(le)兩個(ge)(ge)字:“純鈞”。只(zhi)聽見“咣啷”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聲,薛(xue)燭(zhu)從(cong)座位上仰(yang)面摔倒,束(shu)發(fa)的(de)(de)金(jin)釵掉在地(di)(di)上,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)長發(fa)披散下來(lai),面色突然(ran)凝住(zhu)、呆滯。好大(da)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)會(hui)(hui)兒,才(cai)突然(ran)驚醒(xing),只(zhi)見他腳尖點地(di)(di)幾個(ge)(ge)縱躍掠(lve)下臺階,來(lai)到劍(jian)(jian)(jian)前,深深一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)躬(gong),然(ran)后(hou)又表情肅(su)然(ran)地(di)(di)整理(li)好自己的(de)(de)衣服,從(cong)侍者手中接(jie)過寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian),小心翼(yi)翼(yi)地(di)(di)敲(qiao)了(le)(le)幾敲(qiao)掂了(le)(le)幾掂之后(hou)方才(cai)將劍(jian)(jian)(jian)從(cong)鞘中緩緩拔出(chu)。只(zhi)見一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)團光(guang)(guang)華綻(zhan)放而出(chu)宛如出(chu)水的(de)(de)芙(fu)蓉(rong)雍容(rong)而清(qing)冽,劍(jian)(jian)(jian)柄(bing)上的(de)(de)雕飾如星宿運行(xing)閃(shan)出(chu)深邃的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)芒,劍(jian)(jian)(jian)身、陽光(guang)(guang)渾然(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體象清(qing)水漫過池塘(tang)從(cong)容(rong)而舒(shu)緩,而劍(jian)(jian)(jian)刃就(jiu)象壁立千丈(zhang)的(de)(de)斷崖崇高而巍(wei)峨……過了(le)(le)好久,薛(xue)燭(zhu)才(cai)用(yong)顫抖的(de)(de)聲音問道:“這就(jiu)是純鈞嗎?!”勾(gou)踐點了(le)(le)點頭(tou)(tou)(tou):“是,”他得(de)意地(di)(di)接(jie)著說道:“有(you)人(ren)要用(yong)千匹駿(jun)馬三處富鄉(xiang)兩座大(da)城(cheng)來(lai)換(huan)這把寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian),你看(kan)行(xing)嗎?”薛(xue)燭(zhu)連忙說道:“不(bu)能換(huan)。”勾(gou)踐做作地(di)(di)皺了(le)(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下眉頭(tou)(tou)(tou)問道:“為(wei)什(shen)(shen)么(me)?你說說道理(li)。”薛(xue)燭(zhu)激動(dong)地(di)(di)大(da)聲對道:“因為(wei)這把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)是天(tian)(tian)人(ren)共(gong)鑄(zhu)的(de)(de)不(bu)二之作。為(wei)鑄(zhu)這把劍(jian)(jian)(jian),千年(nian)赤堇(jin)山山破而出(chu)錫,萬載若耶江(jiang)(jiang)江(jiang)(jiang)水干涸而出(chu)銅。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)之時,雷公(gong)打鐵,雨(yu)娘淋水,蛟(jiao)龍捧(peng)爐,天(tian)(tian)帝(di)裝炭。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)師(shi)(shi)歐(ou)冶(ye)子(zi)(zi)(zi)承天(tian)(tian)之命嘔心瀝血與眾神鑄(zhu)磨十載此劍(jian)(jian)(jian)方成。劍(jian)(jian)(jian)成之后(hou),眾神歸(gui)天(tian)(tian),赤堇(jin)山閉合如初,若耶江(jiang)(jiang)波濤再起,歐(ou)冶(ye)子(zi)(zi)(zi)也力(li)盡神竭而亡,這把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)已成絕(jue)唱(chang),區區駿(jun)馬城(cheng)池何足道哉……”勾(gou)踐滿意地(di)(di)頻頻點頭(tou)(tou)(tou):“說得(de)有(you)理(li),既是無價之寶,我(wo)就(jiu)永(yong)遠把它珍藏吧。
故事見于《越絕書》。
越王允(yun)常命歐(ou)冶子鑄造了(le)五把寶劍(jian),歐(ou)冶乃因天之精神,悉其伎巧,造為大刑三(san)、小刑二:一(yi)曰湛(zhan)盧,二曰純鈞,三(san)曰勝邪,四曰魚腸,五曰巨闕。并(bing)稱越五劍(jian)。
1.圣道之劍(jian):軒轅夏禹
2.仁道之劍:湛盧(lu)
3.帝道之劍(jian):赤霄(xiao)
4.威道之(zhi)劍:泰阿
5.誠(cheng)信之劍(jian):七星龍淵
6/7.摯情之劍:干將/莫邪
8. 勇(yong)絕之劍:魚腸
9.尊貴(gui)無雙之劍:純鈞(jun)
10.精致優雅(ya)之劍:承影