這是(shi)一(yi)座(zuo)四合院(yuan)式布局的貝灰砂磚木建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu),由山(shan)門、前殿、正殿、廂房(fang)、套間、外院(yuan)、里(li)院(yuan)等組成,占地(di)面積2500平(ping)方米(mi)。始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于清光(guang)緒十四年(nian)(1888年(nian)),原擬建(jian)(jian)(jian)為“同慶善堂(tang)”堂(tang)址,房(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)(jian)成后,因(yin)經費(fei)缺乏而停辦(ban)。清光(guang)緒二(er)十七年(nian)(1901年(nian)),臺灣愛國志(zhi)士丘逢甲便(bian)在(zai)這里(li)設立“嶺(ling)(ling)東同文學(xue)堂(tang)”,這是(shi)汕(shan)頭市新式學(xue)校(xiao)之始。1915年(nian),學(xue)堂(tang)改為“嶺(ling)(ling)東甲種商業學(xue)校(xiao)”,1924年(nian)又改為省立嶺(ling)(ling)東高(gao)級商業學(xue)校(xiao),實行(xing)“三三制”教學(xue)。1925年(nian)底(di),國民革(ge)(ge)命軍(jun)第二(er)次東征解放潮汕(shan),國民革(ge)(ge)命政(zheng)(zheng)府在(zai)這里(li)設立“廣東東江(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)委員公署”。1926年(nian)2月1日,周恩來在(zai)公署宣誓就任(ren)廣東東江(jiang)(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)委員,這是(shi)第一(yi)個由共(gong)產(chan)黨人主持的革(ge)(ge)命政(zheng)(zheng)權。建(jian)(jian)(jian)國后,這里(li)一(yi)直被一(yi)所(suo)小學(xue)使用。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物原貌有部分改變。
廣(guang)東(dong)東(dong)江各屬(shu)行政委員公署舊址位于廣(guang)東(dong)省汕頭市金平區同益街道鹽埕(cheng)居委外馬路(lu)129號,建于1888年(nian)(nian)(清光(guang)緒十四年(nian)(nian))。坐(zuo)北向(xiang)南(nan),三進二天井(jing)祠堂(tang)格局(ju),磚木結構,通(tong)面(mian)闊38.2米,通(tong)進深52.55米,占地(di)面(mian)積2008平方米,其外觀采用硬山(shan)頂、人字封火山(shan)墻(qiang),素胎(tai)瓦,前門表層(ceng)墻(qiang)體(ti)貼(tie)花鳥詩文書(shu)法花崗巖石(shi)雕,左右各有麻石(shi)質石(shi)鼓(gu)1對(dui),屋內為五瓜(gua)抬(tai)梁式木結構。
該(gai)地(di)址原擬作(zuo)(zuo)“同慶善(shan)堂(tang)”之用,后(hou)(hou)因房屋建成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)經費缺乏(fa)而停辦。至1901年(nian)(nian)(nian)(清光緒二十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)),臺灣愛國志士丘(qiu)逢甲(jia)在(zai)此設立(li)“同文(wen)(wen)學(xue)堂(tang)”,成(cheng)為(wei)汕(shan)頭(tou)市新(xin)(xin)式學(xue)校(xiao)之始。1915年(nian)(nian)(nian),此處(chu)又改為(wei)“嶺東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)甲(jia)種商(shang)業學(xue)校(xiao)”。1925年(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di),國民(min)(min)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)軍第(di)二次(ci)(ci)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征進入汕(shan)頭(tou),1926年(nian)(nian)(nian)初,軍政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)結束,訓(xun)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)開始,國民(min)(min)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府在(zai)此設立(li)“廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各屬(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)員公(gong)(gong)署”。公(gong)(gong)署管(guan)轄范圍為(wei)惠(hui)州(zhou)(zhou)、潮(chao)(chao)汕(shan)、梅州(zhou)(zhou)三個(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)區及(ji)(ji)下屬(shu)(shu)(shu)縣(xian)(市),是中(zhong)國歷(li)史上第(di)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)由共(gong)產(chan)黨人主持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國共(gong)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)權。第(di)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)國共(gong)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)時期,廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)國民(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府先(xian)后(hou)(hou)于(yu)1925年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)和10月(yue)組織了兩次(ci)(ci)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征,討伐盤踞在(zai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)軍閥陳炯明,11月(yue)4日(ri)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征軍進入汕(shan)頭(tou)市,取(qu)得了東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征的(de)(de)(de)(de)全面勝利。時任東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征軍政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治部總主任的(de)(de)(de)(de)周(zhou)恩來被(bei)國民(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府任命(ming)(ming)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各屬(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)員,領(ling)導惠(hui)、潮(chao)(chao)、梅三個(ge)(ge)(ge)地(di)區的(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工作(zuo)(zuo)。1926年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)1日(ri),周(zhou)恩來在(zai)汕(shan)頭(tou)市外(wai)馬(ma)路東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各屬(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)員公(gong)(gong)署門口公(gong)(gong)布就(jiu)(jiu)職通告。正(zheng)式就(jiu)(jiu)任。2月(yue)22日(ri)又在(zai)此地(di)舉行(xing)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各屬(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)會議(yi)(yi),各縣(xian)縣(xian)長、教(jiao)育(yu)局長及(ji)(ji)工、農、學(xue)、商(shang)、婦代(dai)(dai)表共(gong)95人參(can)加,澎湃、楊石魂、杜國癢、工鼎新(xin)(xin)也(ye)出(chu)席(xi)了會議(yi)(yi)。經過一(yi)星期的(de)(de)(de)(de)議(yi)(yi)程,制訂出(chu)實業、交通、文(wen)(wen)教(jiao)等十多個(ge)(ge)(ge)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)方案,為(wei)振興潮(chao)(chao)汕(shan)推行(xing)一(yi)系(xi)列革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)措施。這次(ci)(ci)會議(yi)(yi),在(zai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)歷(li)史上寫下了重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)頁,開創(chuang)了東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)紀元。1926年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)16日(ri),廣州(zhou)(zhou)國民(min)(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府接受周(zhou)恩來的(de)(de)(de)(de)請(qing)求(qiu),宣布免去其東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各屬(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)員的(de)(de)(de)(de)職務(wu)。1928年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各屬(shu)(shu)(shu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)員公(gong)(gong)署被(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)善(shan)后(hou)(hou)委(wei)員公(gong)(gong)署替代(dai)(dai)。
1979年12月17日(ri),廣東省革(ge)命委員會將公(gong)署舊(jiu)址(zhi)公(gong)布為第(di)二批省級文物保護單位,對研究中(zhong)國革(ge)命史有(you)一定(ding)的(de)價(jia)(jia)值,1995年初(chu),汕(shan)頭市(shi)委,市(shi)政府(fu)將其確定(ding)為汕(shan)頭市(shi)愛國主義教育基地。現為汕(shan)頭市(shi)外馬路第(di)三小學校址(zhi)。該(gai)建筑具(ju)有(you)較高的(de)革(ge)命歷史紀(ji)念及史跡研究價(jia)(jia)值。