芒果视频

一.產品介紹

萊(lai)(lai)州煙(yan)臺黑(hei)豬(zhu)屬(shu)華(hua)北(bei)型黑(hei)豬(zhu)。主要分(fen)布在萊(lai)(lai)州全市的三山(shan)島、平里店、金城(cheng)、朱橋、驛道、郭家店、程郭、柞村(cun)、夏邱、沙河、土山(shan)、虎頭(tou)崖等(deng)16處鎮街，共987個行政村(cun)。總面積1878平方(fang)公里。現存欄萊(lai)(lai)州煙(yan)臺黑(hei)豬(zhu)15000頭(tou)，地理坐(zuo)標(biao)為：東經119°33′-120°18′，北(bei)緯(wei)36°59′-37°28′。萊(lai)(lai)州煙(yan)臺黑(hei)豬(zhu)體(ti)型中(zhong)等(deng)，頭(tou)長(chang)短適中(zhong)，額寬有(you)皺褶，嘴筒粗直或(huo)(huo)微噘(jue)，耳中(zhong)等(deng)大(da)(da)下垂或(huo)(huo)半下垂，被毛(mao)黑(hei)色，稀疏適中(zhong)，皮色灰。背(bei)腰較平直，腹中(zhong)等(deng)大(da)(da)，臀(tun)部較豐滿。體(ti)質結實，結構緊湊，四肢健壯。有(you)效乳頭(tou)7-8對，排列整齊(qi)。成年公豬(zhu)體(ti)重170.0kg，體(ti)高79.1cm，體(ti)長(chang)144.0cm，胸圍(wei)132.0cm；母(mu)豬(zhu)體(ti)重175.0kg，體(ti)高75.36cm，體(ti)長(chang)141.3cm，胸圍(wei)136.03cm。萊(lai)(lai)州煙(yan)臺黑(hei)豬(zhu)肌(ji)肉(rou)的肉(rou)色為3.25分(fen)級(ji)，大(da)(da)理石紋3.70分(fen)級(ji)，pH6.37，失水(shui)率(lv)3.66%，滲(shen)水(shui)率(lv)0.56%，熟肉(rou)率(lv)62.96%。肌(ji)肉(rou)含水(shui)分(fen)69.18%，干物質30.82%，粗蛋白質21.9%，粗脂肪(fang)7.5%。灰分(fen)1.05%。肌(ji)纖維直徑55.34um，肌(ji)纖維密度270.94平方(fang)納米。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文(wen)歷史因素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌情況：萊州市位(wei)于(yu)膠東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)地(di)(di)盾北隆(long)起西(xi)側，渤海灣南(nan)(nan)(nan)岸(an)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)半島(dao)西(xi)北部。境(jing)內(nei)(nei)地(di)(di)勢東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)高、西(xi)北低(di)，分(fen)為五種主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)地(di)(di)貌類型。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)部的(de)郭家(jia)店(dian)、驛道(dao)、柞村等(deng)鎮街因花(hua)崗巖(yan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)侵蝕破壞形成(cheng)(cheng)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，變(bian)質(zhi)巖(yan)地(di)(di)區形成(cheng)(cheng)波狀丘(qiu)陵(ling)；濱(bin)海低(di)地(di)(di)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)布于(yu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)陽河口以(yi)(yi)北及虎頭崖(ya)以(yi)(yi)西(xi)的(de)沿海地(di)(di)帶(dai)，面(mian)積(ji)346.2平方公(gong)里(li)，占全市總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)的(de)19%，海拔(ba)(ba)高度在10米以(yi)(yi)下，在倉(cang)上—過西(xi)、三(san)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)—西(xi)由(you)間分(fen)布有(you)(you)(you)(you)古(gu)瀉(xie)湖(hu)構成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)低(di)洼地(di)(di)，土(tu)(tu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)西(xi)分(fen)布有(you)(you)(you)(you)古(gu)海岸(an)沙丘(qiu)等(deng)；洪積(ji)、沖積(ji)平原主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)布于(yu)濱(bin)海低(di)地(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，面(mian)積(ji)409.7平方公(gong)里(li)，占全市總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)的(de)22.56%，海拔(ba)(ba)高度大(da)致在10-50米之間。境(jing)內(nei)(nei)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)自(zi)(zi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)向(xiang)北有(you)(you)(you)(you)馬山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)、吳家(jia)大(da)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)、云峰山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)，自(zi)(zi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)向(xiang)西(xi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)倉(cang)石山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)，大(da)溝山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)，天齊山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)，崮山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)。這些山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)分(fen)布集中，構成(cheng)(cheng)了天然屏(ping)障，阻擋了從(cong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)而來的(de)江淮氣(qi)流，影響著萊州的(de)氣(qi)溫(wen)和降水，形成(cheng)(cheng)了獨(du)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)。土(tu)(tu)壤類型為棕壤土(tu)(tu)、褐土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)、鹽(yan)土(tu)(tu)、砂姜黑土(tu)(tu)五類。全市除(chu)過西(xi)、土(tu)(tu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、寨徐等(deng)鄉鎮外，其他鄉鎮皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)棕壤土(tu)(tu)分(fen)布，總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)128萬多(duo)畝，占總(zong)土(tu)(tu)壤面(mian)積(ji)的(de)56.84%，適宜(yi)多(duo)種動植物的(de)生長。萊州境(jing)內(nei)(nei)諸多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)(mo)(mo)構成(cheng)(cheng)天然屏(ping)障形成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)獨(du)特小(xiao)(xiao)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)及土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌環境(jing)造就了萊州煙臺黑豬(zhu)的(de)固有(you)(you)(you)(you)品質(zhi)。

2、水(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況：萊(lai)(lai)州(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況比較(jiao)復雜。境內水(shui)系總長(chang)313.7公(gong)里(li)，流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積1586平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)，主(zhu)要河(he)(he)流(liu)15條。境內較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)河(he)(he)流(liu)有王河(he)(he)，主(zhu)要發源(yuan)于招遠市塔山(shan)，經(jing)三(san)元、驛道、平(ping)(ping)(ping)里(li)店、過西(xi)(xi)到(dao)三(san)山(shan)島村(cun)南(nan)(nan)入渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)，全(quan)長(chang)50公(gong)里(li)，流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積326.8平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。白沙河(he)(he)發源(yuan)于大基山(shan)脖歪頂南(nan)(nan)，流(liu)經(jing)東關門、小臺(tai)頭、臨疃(tuan)河(he)(he)、火神廟、尊村(cun)、積福，經(jing)珍珠東莊村(cun)以下2.5公(gong)里(li)處入渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)，流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積217平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)河(he)(he)發源(yuan)于大基山(shan)前店子(zi)村(cun)南(nan)(nan)，流(liu)經(jing)前店子(zi)、后河(he)(he)、東洼子(zi)、毛(mao)家莊子(zi)、山(shan)嶺子(zi)、南(nan)(nan)關、陽(yang)關、河(he)(he)套、泗河(he)(he)，到(dao)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)廟姜家入渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)。全(quan)長(chang)23公(gong)里(li)，流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積113.8平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里(li)。萊(lai)(lai)州(zhou)市北臨萊(lai)(lai)州(zhou)灣，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)岸(an)線長(chang)108公(gong)里(li)，素有“黃金(jin)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)岸(an)”之稱(cheng)，近海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)質PH值在(zai)8.17—8.42之間，溶解氧在(zai)7—8.5mg/L范圍內，超過一類海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)標準。沿(yan)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)百公(gong)里(li)黑(hei)松(song)林綿延曲折，蒼翠茂盛，綠(lv)樹成蔭，是“天然氧吧”。15米等深(shen)(shen)(shen)線淺(qian)(qian)(qian)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)域(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積586萬(wan)畝(mu)，沿(yan)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)灘(tan)涂面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積60.3萬(wan)畝(mu)，內潮(chao)間帶面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積15.3萬(wan)畝(mu)。自刁龍嘴(zui)向西(xi)(xi)北有一長(chang)約15公(gong)里(li)，寬約1.5公(gong)里(li)，水(shui)深(shen)(shen)(shen)2米的(de)(de)(de)淺(qian)(qian)(qian)灘(tan)。淺(qian)(qian)(qian)灘(tan)以東，水(shui)深(shen)(shen)(shen)灘(tan)陡，地為(wei)(wei)沙質。淺(qian)(qian)(qian)灘(tan)以西(xi)(xi)，水(shui)淺(qian)(qian)(qian)灘(tan)薄，底為(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)沙和(he)泥沙質。萊(lai)(lai)州(zhou)市發達(da)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)系和(he)廣袤的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)域(yu)淺(qian)(qian)(qian)灘(tan)為(wei)(wei)萊(lai)(lai)州(zhou)煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)發展奠定(ding)了水(shui)文(wen)基礎。

3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)情況：萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)屬(shu)溫(wen)帶東(dong)亞季風大(da)(da)陸(lu)(lu)性(xing)(xing)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，大(da)(da)陸(lu)(lu)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)61.7%。四(si)季氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)變化(hua)明顯：春季雨(yu)水少(shao)，回暖(nuan)迅速；夏季氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)高(gao)(gao)、濕度(du)(du)大(da)(da)，雨(yu)量(liang)集(ji)中(zhong)；秋季降水減少(shao)，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)涼爽(shuang)；冬季北風強盛，降水稀少(shao)，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)寒冷。全(quan)(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)溫(wen)度(du)(du)12.3—12.4℃，城區(qu)(qu)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)達12.4℃，其(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)部(bu)平(ping)原(yuan)，在(zai)(zai)12.3℃。歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)一(yi)(yi)般在(zai)(zai)35℃左(zuo)右，80%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上出(chu)(chu)(chu)現在(zai)(zai)6、7兩個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，其(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)。極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)一(yi)(yi)般出(chu)(chu)(chu)現于1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，其(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬(xun)和(he)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)，歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)值變化(hua)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)，從-8.4℃—-17℃。境(jing)內降水量(liang)歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)600毫米(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右。其(qi)(qi)分(fen)布(bu)主(zhu)要(yao)受天氣(qi)(qi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)影響，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降水量(liang)分(fen)布(bu)趨勢自(zi)東(dong)南(nan)向西(xi)(xi)北遞減。東(dong)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)在(zai)(zai)700毫米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上，西(xi)(xi)部(bu)沿海在(zai)(zai)600毫米(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)，其(qi)(qi)他地(di)區(qu)(qu)在(zai)(zai)600—700毫米(mi)(mi)。境(jing)內累年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照2726.0小時(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)多為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)290小時(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)少(shao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)175.2小時(shi)。全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)各(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)百(bai)分(fen)率為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)61%，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)66%，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)小，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)53%。全(quan)(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)初(chu)霜(shuang)日(ri)(ri)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)29日(ri)(ri)，極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)早(zao)初(chu)霜(shuang)日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri)（1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）；最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)晚(wan)(wan)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)15日(ri)(ri)（1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）。平(ping)均(jun)(jun)終霜(shuang)日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)9日(ri)(ri)，極(ji)端(duan)最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)晚(wan)(wan)終霜(shuang)日(ri)(ri)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)（1959年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)早(zao)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)22日(ri)(ri)（1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）。這(zhe)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)品種的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定發展(zhan)(zhan)提供(gong)了(le)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件(jian)。 4、人文歷(li)史情況：萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)民間素有(you)(you)養(yang)(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)習慣，1883年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)編修出(chu)(chu)(chu)版的(de)(de)(de)(de)掖(ye)縣(xian)志“物產(chan)篇”中(zhong)就(jiu)有(you)(you)“豕”的(de)(de)(de)(de)記載。1936年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)存養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)2.6萬頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，建國(guo)后各(ge)(ge)級(ji)政府積極(ji)鼓勵、支持養(yang)(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan)，1972年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存養(yang)(yang)(yang)26.7萬頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，有(you)(you)17處公(gong)(gong)(gong)社18個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)隊(dui)實(shi)現了(le)一(yi)(yi)人一(yi)(yi)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增至(zhi)43.5萬頭(tou)(tou)(tou)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)村村有(you)(you)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)場、戶(hu)戶(hu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，養(yang)(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)人們(men)生(sheng)(sheng)活中(zhong)占(zhan)有(you)(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)位置，是(shi)當(dang)(dang)地(di)農民收入的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)補充。飼(si)(si)喂方(fang)式(shi)多采(cai)(cai)用放養(yang)(yang)(yang)和(he)圈養(yang)(yang)(yang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飼(si)(si)喂青(qing)儲飼(si)(si)料、地(di)瓜(gua)蔓(man)、花生(sheng)(sheng)秧為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，出(chu)(chu)(chu)欄前(qian)(qian)佐以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)花生(sheng)(sheng)餅(bing)、豆餅(bing)和(he)麩皮進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)催肥。所飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，分(fen)布(bu)于整個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)。在(zai)(zai)勞動人民的(de)(de)(de)(de)辛勤飼(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)下(xia)，不(bu)斷選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)優(you)(you)去劣，逐(zhu)漸選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)適應(ying)(ying)性(xing)(xing)強、耐粗飼(si)(si)、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)性(xing)(xing)能高(gao)(gao)、頭(tou)(tou)(tou)短嘴粗、性(xing)(xing)情溫(wen)順，適于舍飼(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)良(liang)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群體(ti)(ti)(ti)——萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)加強對萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)種、選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)和(he)良(liang)種推(tui)廣工(gong)作(zuo)，1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)牧(mu)獸(shou)醫(yi)(yi)站采(cai)(cai)用百(bai)分(fen)法(fa)(fa)，從全(quan)(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)546頭(tou)(tou)(tou)母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)39頭(tou)(tou)(tou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)評選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)優(you)(you)秀(xiu)母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)50頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)8頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，組成(cheng)零世(shi)代(dai)(dai)基(ji)礎群，在(zai)(zai)三(san)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)島(dao)種豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)場對萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)組群進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)快(kuai)長(chang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)高(gao)(gao)產(chan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)性(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)，采(cai)(cai)取(qu)循環配種法(fa)(fa)，即以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)定血(xue)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，將母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)八組，每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)血(xue)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)輪(lun)流(liu)交配一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。各(ge)(ge)世(shi)代(dai)(dai)繼承(cheng)(cheng)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)共(gong)分(fen)三(san)次(ci)(ci)(ci)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齡斷奶(nai)時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，第(di)二(er)(er)次(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)六月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齡時(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)血(xue)統(tong)(tong)(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)兩頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)每窩(wo)留(liu)兩頭(tou)(tou)(tou)；第(di)三(san)次(ci)(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)八月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)齡配種前(qian)(qian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)每個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)血(xue)統(tong)(tong)(tong)留(liu)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)每窩(wo)留(liu)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，保(bao)持原(yuan)基(ji)礎群的(de)(de)(de)(de)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)數(shu)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)主(zhu)要(yao)靠稱重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)目測(ce)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)大(da)(da)、結構良(liang)好(hao)(hao)，沒(mei)有(you)(you)遺傳缺陷的(de)(de)(de)(de)斷奶(nai)仔豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)；第(di)二(er)(er)、三(san)次(ci)(ci)(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)，在(zai)(zai)注意前(qian)(qian)后軀發育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)和(he)一(yi)(yi)般選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎上，采(cai)(cai)取(qu)指(zhi)數(shu)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)法(fa)(fa)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)體(ti)(ti)(ti)長(chang)兩指(zhi)標(biao)構成(cheng)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)指(zhi)數(shu)。其(qi)(qi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)式(shi)如下(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：I=（x1+ x2）/2×100％。式(shi)中(zhong)x1為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(kg)/群體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(kg)；x2為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)長(chang)（cm）/群體(ti)(ti)(ti)體(ti)(ti)(ti)長(chang)(cm)。個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)體(ti)(ti)(ti)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)，既要(yao)堅持選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)標(biao)準，又(you)(you)要(yao)照顧血(xue)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)如無重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)損(sun)征，不(bu)可全(quan)(quan)窩(wo)淘汰。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)防近交系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)數(shu)急劇上升。完成(cheng)4個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)世(shi)代(dai)(dai)后，根據(ju)養(yang)(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)發展(zhan)(zhan)需要(yao)和(he)瘦(shou)肉(rou)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)配套技術研(yan)(yan)究課題的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，1982-1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)又(you)(you)進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)明確了(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)提高(gao)(gao)瘦(shou)肉(rou)率為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)目標(biao)繼續完成(cheng)3個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)世(shi)代(dai)(dai)、前(qian)(qian)后共(gong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)7個(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)世(shi)代(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)結果(guo)各(ge)(ge)項性(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)都有(you)(you)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)提高(gao)(gao)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飼(si)(si)料報酬最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)突出(chu)(chu)(chu)。根據(ju)市(shi)(shi)(shi)場需求(qiu)，70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)后期，我市(shi)(shi)(shi)陸(lu)(lu)續引進(jin)大(da)(da)約(yue)克、長(chang)白(bai)、杜洛克、漢普夏等(deng)(deng)國(guo)外瘦(shou)肉(rou)型(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)與萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)雜交生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)商品瘦(shou)肉(rou)型(xing)(xing)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)、1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)先(xian)后被確定為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省和(he)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)瘦(shou)肉(rou)型(xing)(xing)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地(di)縣(xian)，推(tui)動了(le)萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定發展(zhan)(zhan)。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，由掖(ye)縣(xian)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)牧(mu)獸(shou)醫(yi)(yi)站承(cheng)(cheng)擔，煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)牧(mu)獸(shou)醫(yi)(yi)站和(he)掖(ye)縣(xian)西(xi)(xi)由鎮獸(shou)醫(yi)(yi)站協作(zuo)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)快(kuai)長(chang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、高(gao)(gao)產(chan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)》課題，通過(guo)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)委(wei)鑒(jian)定；該課題1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)獲煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)技進(jin)步(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng)獎(jiang)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)牧(mu)獸(shou)醫(yi)(yi)站承(cheng)(cheng)擔的(de)(de)(de)(de)《煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)營養(yang)(yang)(yang)需要(yao)研(yan)(yan)究》課題獲煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)科(ke)(ke)技進(jin)步(bu)(bu)二(er)(er)等(deng)(deng)獎(jiang)。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)(shi)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)牧(mu)獸(shou)醫(yi)(yi)站承(cheng)(cheng)擔的(de)(de)(de)(de)《煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)瘦(shou)肉(rou)型(xing)(xing)品系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)研(yan)(yan)究》課題通過(guo)省科(ke)(ke)委(wei)鑒(jian)定。自(zi)90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后，開(kai)始了(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)本，長(chang)白(bai)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)一(yi)(yi)父本、斯(si)格豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)二(er)(er)父本，通過(guo)雜交、橫交固定、世(shi)代(dai)(dai)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)段進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)新品種培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)。“九五”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)來，萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)先(xian)后被列入《山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省三(san)O工(gong)程、《山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省農業良(liang)種工(gong)程》重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)專(zhuan)項，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)了(le)更加系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)究與利用，歷(li)經十余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)新品種——魯煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)白(bai)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)通過(guo)國(guo)家畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)遺傳資(zi)源委(wei)員會審定。并相繼于2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)度(du)(du)和(he)2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)度(du)(du)獲得山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省科(ke)(ke)技進(jin)步(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng)獎(jiang)和(he)國(guo)家科(ke)(ke)技進(jin)步(bu)(bu)二(er)(er)等(deng)(deng)獎(jiang)。獲獎(jiang)項目為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)：“魯農Ⅰ號(hao)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)配套系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、魯煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)白(bai)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)新品種培(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)與應(ying)(ying)用”。2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)26日(ri)(ri)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)黑(hei)(hei)(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)列入山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)遺傳資(zi)源保(bao)護名錄。

三.地域范圍

萊(lai)(lai)(lai)州(zhou)煙臺(tai)(tai)黑豬屬華北(bei)(bei)型黑豬。主要(yao)分(fen)布在(zai)萊(lai)(lai)(lai)州(zhou)全(quan)市的三(san)山島、平(ping)里店、金城、朱橋、驛道、郭家店、程郭、柞村、夏(xia)邱、沙(sha)河、土山、虎頭崖等16處鎮街，共987個行政村。總面積(ji)1878平(ping)方公里。現存欄萊(lai)(lai)(lai)州(zhou)煙臺(tai)(tai)黑豬15000頭，地理坐(zuo)標為：東經(jing)119°33′-120°18′，北(bei)(bei)緯36°59′-37°28′。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征(zheng)

1、外在感官(guan)特征：萊州煙(yan)臺黑豬(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)型中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)，頭長短適中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，額寬有(you)皺褶(zhe)，嘴(zui)筒粗(cu)直或微噘(jue)，耳(er)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)大下垂(chui)或半下垂(chui)，被毛黑色(se)，稀疏適中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，皮色(se)灰。背腰較平直，腹中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)大，臀部較豐(feng)滿(man)。體(ti)(ti)(ti)質結(jie)實，結(jie)構緊湊(cou)，四(si)肢(zhi)健壯。有(you)效乳(ru)頭7-8對，排(pai)列整齊(qi)。成年公(gong)豬(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重170.0kg，體(ti)(ti)(ti)高79.1cm，體(ti)(ti)(ti)長144.0cm，胸(xiong)圍132.0cm；母(mu)豬(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重175.0kg，體(ti)(ti)(ti)高75.36cm，體(ti)(ti)(ti)長141.3cm，胸(xiong)圍136.03cm。

2、內在(zai)品質(zhi)要求(qiu)：萊(lai)州煙臺黑(hei)豬(zhu)豬(zhu)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)彈(dan)性大(da)、質(zhi)地(di)細嫩(nen)有(you)韌性，有(you)嚼勁(jing)，肌(ji)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)和脂(zhi)肪沉積較好，肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)皮(pi)厚(hou)實，肥肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)香而(er)不(bu)膩(ni)，味道(dao)鮮美，有(you)自(zi)然肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)香味。豬(zhu)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)肥肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)較厚(hou)，肥肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)潔白(bai)溫潤(run)，瘦肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)紋理清晰，色澤紅潤(run)豬(zhu)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)不(bu)滲(shen)(shen)水(shui)或很少(shao)滲(shen)(shen)水(shui)，吸水(shui)力強(qiang)。脂(zhi)肪熔點(dian)高，豬(zhu)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)清水(shui)煮時，水(shui)清，烹飪時，油基(ji)本不(bu)粘鍋。皮(pi)厚(hou)，骨硬，骨髓熬制的骨頭湯色澤潔白(bai)，湯味濃郁鮮美，含(han)有(you)的膠原(yuan)蛋白(bai)能(neng)增(zeng)強(qiang)人體造血細胞的造血能(neng)力。萊(lai)州煙臺黑(hei)豬(zhu)肌(ji)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)的肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)色為(wei)3.25分(fen)級，大(da)理石紋3.70分(fen)級，pH6.37，失水(shui)率(lv)(lv)3.66%，滲(shen)(shen)水(shui)率(lv)(lv)0.56%，熟肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)率(lv)(lv)62.96%。肌(ji)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)含(han)水(shui)分(fen)69.18%，干物質(zhi)30.82%，粗(cu)(cu)蛋白(bai)質(zhi)21.9%，粗(cu)(cu)脂(zhi)肪7.5%。灰分(fen)1.05%。肌(ji)纖(xian)維直徑55.34um，肌(ji)纖(xian)維密度270.94平方毫米(mi)。

3、安全要求：萊(lai)州煙臺(tai)黑豬生(sheng)產嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)《NY5032-2006無公害食(shi)品(pin)畜禽飼(si)(si)料和飼(si)(si)料添加(jia)劑使用(yong)準則》、《NY5030-2006無公害食(shi)品(pin)畜禽飼(si)(si)養(yang)獸藥使用(yong)準則》執(zhi)行(xing)。

五.特定生產方式

1、產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)選擇(ze)與(yu)特(te)殊(shu)內(nei)(nei)容規定：萊州煙(yan)臺黑豬(zhu)生活在萊州遼闊的(de)縣域。萊州北(bei)臨渤海，南(nan)有山嵐丘(qiu)陵(ling)，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)清新(xin)，環(huan)(huan)(huan)境無污染。經監測，大氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)二氧(yang)化硫(liu)、二氧(yang)化氮含量(liang)(liang)(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)低，大氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)優于(yu)國(guo)家(jia)大氣(qi)(qi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)二級(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二氧(yang)化硫(liu)年(nian)日均(jun)值(zhi)為0.030mg/立方米，達到(dao)(dao)國(guo)家(jia)大氣(qi)(qi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)二級(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)；二氧(yang)化氮年(nian)日均(jun)值(zhi)為0.016mg/立方米，優于(yu)國(guo)家(jia)大氣(qi)(qi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)一級(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，境內(nei)(nei)工礦企業排水(shui)(shui)均(jun)符(fu)合(he)國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)(huan)(huan)保要(yao)求。萊州豐(feng)富(fu)有益(yi)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下巖層、較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)植被覆蓋率(lv)使地(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)不利健康的(de)物質(zhi)得(de)到(dao)(dao)天然的(de)過(guo)(guo)濾清洗，經過(guo)(guo)砂粒層、巖層的(de)涵養(yang)，水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)總硬度為188mg/L；PH值(zhi)保持在6.9—8.3之間(jian)，屬(shu)微堿性，接近動(dong)物血液PH值(zhi)。水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鋅、硒、鎂、鐵等(deng)(deng)微量(liang)(liang)(liang)元素(su)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)，吸收(shou)后(hou)，具有良好的(de)防病抗(kang)病功能。萊州土壤(rang)質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)適中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，富(fu)含錳、鋅、硼等(deng)(deng)多種微量(liang)(liang)(liang)營養(yang)元素(su)，分(fen)別達到(dao)(dao)34.74mg/kg、1.93mg/kg、0.51mg/kg。通過(guo)(guo)食(shi)(shi)物鏈(lian)獲取土壤(rang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)這些微量(liang)(liang)(liang)元素(su)，能有效提高(gao)(gao)機體免(mian)疫力。境內(nei)(nei)飲(yin)用水(shui)(shui)、大氣(qi)(qi)、土壤(rang)均(jun)符(fu)合(he)國(guo)家(jia)有關標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)；產(chan)品產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境符(fu)合(he)《畜禽(qin)場環(huan)(huan)(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)NY/T388》；環(huan)(huan)(huan)境空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)符(fu)合(he)《綠色食(shi)(shi)品產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境技術(shu)條(tiao)件》NT/T391-2000規定的(de)《環(huan)(huan)(huan)境空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》和(he)《綠色食(shi)(shi)品產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境導則》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)要(yao)求；土壤(rang)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)符(fu)合(he)《綠色食(shi)(shi)品產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境技術(shu)條(tiao)件》NT/T391-2000規定的(de)《土壤(rang)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)》和(he)《綠色食(shi)(shi)品產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境導則》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)要(yao)求。

2、品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇與特定要求：萊州(zhou)市歷(li)(li)來十分重視對(dui)萊州(zhou)煙臺黑(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)的品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)。從1978年春，萊州(zhou)市畜牧獸醫站承(cheng)擔了原煙臺地區科委下達(da)的萊州(zhou)煙臺黑(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)快長系(xi)和高產系(xi)的選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)工作。在全縣范圍(wei)內遴(lin)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)煙臺黑(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)優(you)良種(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)組群，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)采取閉鎖繁(fan)(fan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)、循環配(pei)種(zhong)(zhong)、頭胎留種(zhong)(zhong)的方法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)，前后歷(li)(li)時10年共進(jin)行(xing)了7個世代的選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)，通過選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)(yu)(yu)各項性狀都有較(jiao)大(da)提高，其性成熟早，繁(fan)(fan)殖(zhi)力(li)高，抗病力(li)強，適應性強等特點更加明顯，尤其以(yi)飼料報酬最(zui)為突出。自2009年起萊州(zhou)市煙臺黑(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)原種(zhong)(zhong)場開(kai)始承(cheng)擔萊州(zhou)煙臺黑(hei)(hei)豬(zhu)保種(zhong)(zhong)擴(kuo)群任務，養殖(zhi)規(gui)模逐漸擴(kuo)大(da)，養殖(zhi)戶(hu)數(shu)量(liang)也(ye)逐年體高，經濟效益、市場銷售前景廣(guang)闊(kuo)。

3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過程管(guan)理(li)，包括(kuo)農業(ye)投(tou)入(ru)品(pin)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)特殊(shu)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)規定飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)：隨(sui)著養殖場(chang)集約化(hua)、規模化(hua)進(jin)程的(de)(de)(de)加快，萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)已由(you)傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)以放牧(mu)、舍飼(si)(si)(si)為主(zhu)轉變(bian)為舍飼(si)(si)(si)，已很少(shao)投(tou)放飼(si)(si)(si)草(cao)飼(si)(si)(si)喂。飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)主(zhu)要根(gen)據生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長階段的(de)(de)(de)不同，自(zi)(zi)己按(an)配(pei)方(fang)要求進(jin)行(xing)配(pei)比，通常(chang)是濃縮飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)配(pei)以玉米、麩皮等，濃縮飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)是由(you)添加劑預混(hun)料(liao)、常(chang)量(liang)(liang)礦物(wu)質(zhi)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)和(he)蛋白質(zhi)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)按(an)一定比例混(hun)合而成的(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)。飼(si)(si)(si)料(liao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)符(fu)合NY5032-2006。飲(yin)水(shui)：山泉水(shui)、河水(shui)、井水(shui)或自(zi)(zi)來水(shui)，水(shui)質(zhi)符(fu)合NY5027的(de)(de)(de)規定。疫(yi)苗使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：按(an)免疫(yi)程序(xu)嚴格(ge)進(jin)行(xing)免疫(yi)，萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)免疫(yi)符(fu)合NY5149的(de)(de)(de)規定；防(fang)疫(yi)器械在免疫(yi)前后均徹(che)底(di)消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)。獸(shou)(shou)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)：預防(fang)和(he)治(zhi)療(liao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)時，符(fu)合NY5030-2006的(de)(de)(de)規定。后期(qi)(qi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)治(zhi)療(liao)時，應根(gen)據所用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)執行(xing)休藥(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi)。在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)物(wu)治(zhi)療(liao)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)疾病(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)時，在治(zhi)療(liao)期(qi)(qi)或達不到休藥(yao)(yao)(yao)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)不作為食用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)肉(rou)出(chu)售。驅蟲、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)浴管(guan)理(li)：選(xuan)擇高效(xiao)、安(an)全的(de)(de)(de)抗寄生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)蟲藥(yao)(yao)(yao)，定期(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)萊(lai)州(zhou)(zhou)煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)進(jin)行(xing)驅蟲、藥(yao)(yao)(yao)浴。滅鼠、滅蚊(wen)蠅(ying)：定期(qi)(qi)定點(dian)(dian)投(tou)入(ru)滅鼠藥(yao)(yao)(yao)，及(ji)(ji)時收集死鼠及(ji)(ji)殘余鼠藥(yao)(yao)(yao)，并做深埋處理(li)。消(xiao)除水(shui)坑等蚊(wen)蠅(ying)孽生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地，定期(qi)(qi)噴灑消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)：選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)劑符(fu)合NY5148的(de)(de)(de)規定。豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舍周圍(wei)環(huan)境定期(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)2%火(huo)(huo)堿或生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石灰消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)。每批豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)出(chu)欄后，均徹(che)底(di)清掃豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舍，采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)噴霧、火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)。定期(qi)(qi)對(dui)(dui)分娩欄、補料(liao)槽等用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)具進(jin)行(xing)消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)。定期(qi)(qi)進(jin)行(xing)帶豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)消(xiao)毒(du)(du)(du)，減少(shao)環(huan)境中的(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)原微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)。疫(yi)病(bing)(bing)監(jian)測(ce)：畜牧(mu)獸(shou)(shou)醫部(bu)門依照(zhao)《動物(wu)防(fang)疫(yi)法》制定監(jian)測(ce)方(fang)案，并組織實(shi)施。病(bing)(bing)死豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)處理(li)：對(dui)(dui)可疑病(bing)(bing)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)隔離觀察、確(que)診。對(dui)(dui)有(you)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)價值(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)應進(jin)行(xing)隔離、治(zhi)療(liao)，徹(che)底(di)治(zhi)愈后，才(cai)能歸群(qun)。因傳(chuan)染病(bing)(bing)和(he)其他需要處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，應在指定地點(dian)(dian)撲殺，尸體按(an)照(zhao)GB16548進(jin)行(xing)無害化(hua)處理(li)。豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)場(chang)不得(de)出(chu)售病(bing)(bing)病(bing)(bing)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、死豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。

4、生(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)：做好生(sheng)產(chan)全(quan)過(guo)程的記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，包括：豬只(zhi)標記(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)譜系的育種記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；發情、配種、妊(ren)娠、產(chan)仔(zi)的繁育記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；主(zhu)要生(sheng)產(chan)性能及銷售記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；飼料、獸藥(yao)的購銷、使用記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；免(mian)疫(yi)、消毒記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；死淘記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)和(he)無害化(hua)處(chu)理記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)等。記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)完整、真實，所有記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)應保(bao)存兩年以上，重(zhong)大(da)事件記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)永久保(bao)存。

六(liu).包裝(zhuang)標識相(xiang)關規定

本部(bu)分內容主要包括(kuo)登記(ji)產品的分級(ji)(ji)、包裝、標識、貯藏、運(yun)輸等內容。 1、分級(ji)(ji)：萊州(zhou)煙臺(tai)黑豬鮮、凍胴體分為一(yi)級(ji)(ji)、二級(ji)(ji)和三級(ji)(ji)。

2、包(bao)裝(zhuang)：包(bao)裝(zhuang)材料(liao)應符合(he)GB11680和(he)GB9687的(de)規定，包(bao)裝(zhuang)物使(shi)用無毒油(you)墨印刷。標(biao)(biao)志使(shi)用人(ren)在(zai)其(qi)產品(pin)或包(bao)裝(zhuang)上統一使(shi)用農產品(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志（“萊(lai)州煙臺黑豬”名(ming)稱和(he)公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)識圖案組合(he)標(biao)(biao)注形(xing)式）。內外包(bao)裝(zhuang)應分別存(cun)放，不得受污染。

3、標(biao)識：在每片萊州煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)胴(dong)體上加蓋檢(jian)驗(yan)驗(yan)訖(qi)印(yin)章(zhang)和等級(ji)印(yin)戳，字跡清晰(xi)，印(yin)色用(yong)食品(pin)級(ji)色素配制。銷售和運輸包(bao)裝(zhuang)物應標(biao)注“萊州煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)”標(biao)志，并標(biao)明產(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)稱、數量、產(chan)(chan)地、包(bao)裝(zhuang)日期(qi)、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)單位、保質期(qi)、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)質量、執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)準代(dai)號等級(ji)等內容。不(bu)符合(he)本標(biao)準的產(chan)(chan)品(pin)，其產(chan)(chan)品(pin)名(ming)稱不(bu)得使用(yong)含有“萊州煙臺(tai)黑(hei)豬(zhu)”（包(bao)括連續(xu)或(huo)斷開）的名(ming)稱。

4、貯存：冷卻豬肉吊掛(gua)在(zai)(zai)相對濕(shi)度(du)75-84%、溫度(du)0-1℃的(de)冷卻間(jian)，胴體之間(jian)的(de)距離保(bao)持3-5cm。冷凍豬肉應吊掛(gua)在(zai)(zai)相對濕(shi)度(du)95-100%、溫度(du)-18℃的(de)冷藏(zang)間(jian)。

5、運輸：公路、水(shui)路運輸使用符合衛生要求的冷藏車(che)（船）或保溫(wen)車(che)，鐵(tie)路運輸按(an)國家有關規定執行(xing)。