一、什么是雞尾酒式唱法

雞尾酒唱(chang)法，指(zhi)的(de)是真(zhen)(zhen)假音(yin)重疊的(de)混(hun)聲(sheng)唱(chang)法，是華語(yu)樂壇(tan)歌手林(lin)(lin)志(zhi)炫(xuan)發(fa)明(ming)的(de)流行唱(chang)法。林(lin)(lin)志(zhi)炫(xuan)是華語(yu)音(yin)樂公認的(de)超(chao)一流實(shi)力唱(chang)將(jiang)，他的(de)聲(sheng)音(yin)高(gao)亢優美，被譽為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)籟男聲(sheng)”。流暢的(de)真(zhen)(zhen)假音(yin)轉換(huan)讓人嘖(ze)(ze)嘖(ze)(ze)稱(cheng)奇，林(lin)(lin)志(zhi)炫(xuan)將(jiang)其稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“雞尾酒唱(chang)法”。

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二、唱法特點

雞尾酒唱法最主要的特點，就是將真(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)和(he)假聲(sheng)(sheng)的兩(liang)種(zhong)唱法混(hun)合(he)著靈活(huo)運用，從而(er)獲得聲(sheng)(sheng)音通暢，圓潤甜美，美妙動聽(ting)的歌(ge)唱效果。這種(zhong)唱法可以獲得有氣(qi)息支(zhi)持的，聲(sheng)(sheng)區轉(zhuan)換自然統一的，音域(yu)寬廣的聲(sheng)(sheng)音，從而(er)使(shi)得音色明(ming)亮和(he)立體，歌(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)富有穿透力。而(er)獲得混(hun)聲(sheng)(sheng)的關(guan)鍵和(he)難點在于，歌(ge)者(zhe)不(bu)僅要正確(que)地控制氣(qi)息，巧妙地調節(jie)好(hao)各個(ge)共鳴腔(qiang)體，使(shi)得真(zhen)聲(sheng)(sheng)、假聲(sheng)(sheng)和(he)混(hun)聲(sheng)(sheng)的聲(sheng)(sheng)音和(he)諧統一，還必(bi)須(xu)兼顧好(hao)唱腔(qiang)和(he)咬字，同時把握好(hao)多個(ge)維度，立體地表達歌(ge)曲的情感，才能使(shi)歌(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)富有彈性(xing)和(he)層次，引(yin)起聽(ting)眾與歌(ge)者(zhe)聽(ting)覺和(he)情感上的共鳴。

三、原理解析

林志炫(xuan)在歌唱的(de)(de)高(gao)音(yin)(yin)部分，只用(yong)(yong)真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)來處理，都(dou)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)會(hui)(hui)出現不(bu)盡完美的(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音(yin)(yin)。除了極少數(shu)天生真音(yin)(yin)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)人，可(ke)以很(hen)自然地(di)在高(gao)音(yin)(yin)區用(yong)(yong)真音(yin)(yin)進(jin)行表達，對于(yu)(yu)大部分人而(er)言，如果始終只用(yong)(yong)真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)僅音(yin)(yin)高(gao)難達到(dao)、音(yin)(yin)色(se)(se)不(bu)夠悅耳，而(er)且(qie)由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)一(yi)直處于(yu)(yu)拉緊(jin)的(de)(de)狀態唱高(gao)音(yin)(yin)，很(hen)容易造(zao)成(cheng)脫(tuo)離(li)氣息的(de)(de)喊叫，帶(dai)給聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)較重的(de)(de)負擔。另一(yi)方(fang)面，如果只用(yong)(yong)假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)處理，由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)閉(bi)合，用(yong)(yong)不(bu)上(shang)力(li)，所以多(duo)數(shu)人很(hen)難兼顧音(yin)(yin)色(se)(se)和咬字，而(er)且(qie)久而(er)久之，聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶(dai)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)還會(hui)(hui)減弱(ruo)而(er)失去彈力(li)。再加上(shang)氣息控制能(neng)(neng)力(li)差(cha)，得不(bu)到(dao)呼(hu)吸的(de)(de)支持，所以絕大部分人的(de)(de)假音(yin)(yin)不(bu)僅音(yin)(yin)色(se)(se)暗(an)淡(dan)、力(li)度單(dan)薄。

一種科學的(de)處理方法是(shi)，將真(zhen)(zhen)假(jia)聲(sheng)混合著應(ying)用，即混聲(sheng)唱(chang)法。假(jia)聲(sheng)要以真(zhen)(zhen)聲(sheng)為基(ji)礎(chu)，真(zhen)(zhen)聲(sheng)要以假(jia)聲(sheng)為基(ji)礎(chu)，高音掛上胸腔，低音掛上頭腔;高音有濃厚的(de)真(zhen)(zhen)聲(sheng)色彩，低音有假(jia)聲(sheng)成分。

聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)樂(le)學的(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)看法認為，混(hun)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)唱法就是(shi)(shi)頭(tou)腔(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)和胸(xiong)腔(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)混(hun)合運用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)唱法，是(shi)(shi)對聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶發(fa)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)機能狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態按規律的(de)(de)(de)具體實踐(jian)。真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)鳴(ming)，主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)來(lai)自鼻腔(qiang)，再(zai)高(gao)一點(dian)就到頭(tou)腔(qiang)，氣息出來(lai)，除了帶動聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶震顫之外還要產(chan)生鼻腔(qiang)和頭(tou)腔(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)鳴(ming)。假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)共(gong)鳴(ming)是(shi)(shi)靠收縮聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帶，使其局部振動，所以頻率很高(gao)。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，就是(shi)(shi)人們(men)平時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)說的(de)(de)(de)“小嗓子”，大部分人都會。從(cong)理論上來(lai)說，任何一個(ge)音(yin)都可以處(chu)理成(cheng)混(hun)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)效(xiao)果(guo)，譬如發(fa)低音(yin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)避(bi)免(mian)(mian)全(quan)用(yong)真聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(胸(xiong)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區(qu))，發(fa)高(gao)音(yin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)避(bi)免(mian)(mian)全(quan)用(yong)假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(頭(tou)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區(qu))。這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)兩(liang)個(ge)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)比例恰(qia)當，靈活(huo)應用(yong)，就能把真假聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)比例調整到一種(zhong)(zhong)平衡的(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態之下，做到頭(tou)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)里(li)有胸(xiong)腔(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)，胸(xiong)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)區(qu)里(li)有頭(tou)腔(qiang)共(gong)鳴(ming)，從(cong)而發(fa)揮兩(liang)個(ge)共(gong)鳴(ming)腔(qiang)體混(hun)合共(gong)鳴(ming)的(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)。

假如(ru)在混(hun)(hun)聲(sheng)的時候不僅做到(dao)比例(li)恰(qia)當，還能夠將真聲(sheng)、假聲(sheng)、混(hun)(hun)聲(sheng)三種(zhong)(zhong)唱(chang)(chang)法自然(ran)地進行過渡，實現(xian)無縫轉換(huan)，聲(sheng)音就會更加(jia)統一(yi)，獲得更加(jia)流暢均勻，明亮甜美的聲(sheng)音。雞(ji)尾酒唱(chang)(chang)法就是混(hun)(hun)聲(sheng)唱(chang)(chang)法的這種(zhong)(zhong)進階(jie)版。