中國神話

盤古神話,西王母神話

神(shen)話(hua)(hua)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)類早(zao)期(qi)歷史的活化石(shi)，是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)類各(ge)共同體集體創(chuang)造、代代相承(cheng)的一種(zhong)以(yi)超自(zi)然形象為(wei)(wei)(wei)主人(ren)(ren)(ren)公、以(yi)特(te)定(ding)宗教信(xin)仰(yang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)內核(he)并(bing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)服務的神(shen)圣敘事。它(ta)既(ji)是(shi)一種(zhong)經典(dian)性的文(wen)(wen)學體裁，也是(shi)遠古(gu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)類的知識體系和(he)(he)信(xin)仰(yang)體系。中國神(shen)話(hua)(hua)指古(gu)往(wang)今來生活于這片(pian)土(tu)地(di)之上的各(ge)個民族(zu)創(chuang)造的全部神(shen)話(hua)(hua)的集合。按照其(qi)(qi)表(biao)現的內容可分為(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)大類：宇宙(zhou)起(qi)源(yuan)神(shen)話(hua)(hua)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)類起(qi)源(yuan)神(shen)話(hua)(hua)、洪水再生神(shen)話(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)災難神(shen)話(hua)(hua)、族(zu)群起(qi)源(yuan)神(shen)話(hua)(hua)、文(wen)(wen)化發明(ming)神(shen)話(hua)(hua)、戰爭神(shen)話(hua)(hua)。其(qi)(qi)中，盤古(gu)神(shen)話(hua)(hua)、邵原(yuan)神(shen)話(hua)(hua)群（盤古(gu)開天(tian)辟地(di)、女媧摶土(tu)造人(ren)(ren)(ren)、女媧煉(lian)石(shi)補天(tian)、軒轅祭天(tian)與戰神(shen)蚩尤、伏羲演八卦、神(shen)農(nong)嘗百(bai)草播(bo)五谷、顓(zhuan)頊與共工、大禹治(zhi)水）、西王母(mu)神(shen)話(hua)(hua)等神(shen)話(hua)(hua)被列入中國非物質文(wen)(wen)化遺產名錄。

民間傳說

梁祝傳說,白蛇傳傳說,牛郎織女傳說,孟姜女傳說

民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)圍繞(rao)客(ke)觀實在物(wu)，運(yun)用(yong)文學表現手法和歷史(shi)表達方式構建出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，具有(you)審美意味的(de)(de)(de)(de)散(san)文體口頭(tou)敘事文學。傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)物(wu)往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)(shi)歷史(shi)上實有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，在敘述(shu)該人(ren)物(wu)活動(dong)時，敘述(shu)者往(wang)往(wang)用(yong)親眼(yan)所(suo)見、親耳(er)所(suo)聞(wen)來(lai)加重其(qi)內容的(de)(de)(de)(de)可信(xin)性(xing)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)分(fen)為(wei)：人(ren)物(wu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)、史(shi)事傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)、地方風(feng)物(wu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)、風(feng)俗傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)、動(dong)植物(wu)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)五大類。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)對人(ren)類文化(hua)多樣性(xing)文明(ming)發(fa)展(zhan)有(you)巨(ju)大貢獻，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)華文化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一顆璀璨明(ming)珠。作為(wei)民眾生活文化(hua)重要組(zu)成部(bu)分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)，不僅以它特有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方式保存(cun)民眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)，而且在大力發(fa)展(zhan)旅游事業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)今天，民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)仍然(ran)能夠發(fa)揮重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)梁祝傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)、白蛇(she)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)、牛郎(lang)織女傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)、孟姜女傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)四大民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)，也是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)非物(wu)質文化(hua)遺產(chan)名(ming)錄中(zhong)(zhong)具有(you)代(dai)表性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)。

民間故事

走馬鎮民間故事,伍家溝民間故事

中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)是廣(guang)大民(min)(min)(min)(min)眾創作(zuo)并傳承(cheng)的(de)反(fan)映人類社(she)會生活(huo)以(yi)及民(min)(min)(min)(min)眾理(li)想愿望(wang)的(de)口頭(tou)文(wen)學作(zuo)品。自20世紀90年代以(yi)來，《中(zhong)國(guo)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)集成》各省卷開始陸(lu)續出版(ban)，至目前已(yi)全部出齊。中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)簡要分(fen)為四大門類：幻(huan)想故(gu)(gu)事(shi)、生活(huo)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)、民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)笑話、民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寓言。其中(zhong)幻(huan)想故(gu)(gu)事(shi)占(zhan)了(le)(le)中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)的(de)一半，如田(tian)螺姑娘、神筆(bi)、猴(hou)子撈月(yue)、稻(dao)草人等。在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)的(de)分(fen)布范圍極廣(guang)，每個地區(qu)(qu)都有諸多(duo)著名的(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)。為此(ci)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)非物質文(wen)化遺產名錄(lu)中(zhong)也將一些極具代表(biao)性的(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)地區(qu)(qu)及著名民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)講述家，列(lie)入了(le)(le)保護范圍。如走(zou)馬鎮(zhen)(zhen)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)(走(zou)馬鎮(zhen)(zhen)工農村(cun)被列(lie)為“中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)村(cun)”)、伍家溝民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)、譚振山(shan)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)、滿(man)族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)、錫伯族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)、回族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)、鄂溫克族(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)事(shi)等。

中國英雄史詩

格薩爾,瑪納斯,江格爾

史(shi)詩是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)古(gu)老而源遠流長的(de)(de)(de)(de)韻體敘事文學樣式，一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)專門描(miao)寫(xie)民(min)(min)族(zu)起源、民(min)(min)族(zu)遷徙、民(min)(min)族(zu)戰爭、民(min)(min)族(zu)英(ying)雄的(de)(de)(de)(de)不朽業績等傳說的(de)(de)(de)(de)長篇民(min)(min)間(jian)敘事詩，是(shi)原始社會(hui)或奴隸社會(hui)民(min)(min)族(zu)歷(li)史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形象化(hua)(hua)記載(zai)，是(shi)“詩性的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)”，可(ke)以視為某一(yi)(yi)(yi)民(min)(min)族(zu)早期生活的(de)(de)(de)(de)百科全書。中(zhong)(zhong)國史(shi)詩的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要類(lei)別有創世(shi)史(shi)詩、遷徙史(shi)詩、英(ying)雄史(shi)詩，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)國少數民(min)(min)族(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)大(da)史(shi)詩——藏族(zu)《格(ge)薩(sa)爾(er)》、蒙古(gu)族(zu)《江格(ge)爾(er)》和柯(ke)爾(er)克孜族(zu)《瑪納(na)(na)斯》，是(shi)公認(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國偉大(da)英(ying)雄史(shi)詩，已經引起國內(nei)外廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關注。《格(ge)薩(sa)（斯）爾(er)》《江格(ge)爾(er)》《瑪納(na)(na)斯》均被列入(ru)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)國家級非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產代表性項目名(ming)錄，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，《瑪納(na)(na)斯》和《格(ge)薩(sa)（斯）爾(er)》被列入(ru)聯合國教科文組織《保護(hu)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產公約(yue)》人類(lei)非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)(hua)遺(yi)(yi)產代表作名(ming)錄。

童謠

北京童謠,閩南童謠,納西族童謠

童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)，也被(bei)(bei)稱作(zuo)兒(er)歌，指傳(chuan)唱(chang)于兒(er)童(tong)之口的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沒有樂譜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歌謠(yao)(yao)，是流傳(chuan)于全(quan)國各地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種由特殊群體念(nian)唱(chang)、傳(chuan)播(bo)，具(ju)有特殊意義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)謠(yao)(yao)種類。童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)在我(wo)(wo)國已有千年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史，歷朝官修正史及(ji)雜傳(chuan)、筆(bi)記、小說中(zhong)不乏(fa)童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記錄(lu)。童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)主要有書面、口頭兩種傳(chuan)承方式，其語(yu)言(yan)淺顯易懂(dong)，內容(rong)樸實自然，是民(min)間(jian)文學藝術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優秀(xiu)代表。童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)中(zhong)積淀(dian)了(le)優秀(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)族(zu)文化，蘊涵(han)著豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育內容(rong)。我(wo)(wo)國童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)中(zhong)北京童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)、閩南(nan)童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)、紹興(xing)童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)、納西族(zu)童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)入選國家級(ji)非物質(zhi)文化遺產(chan)名(ming)錄(lu)，長沙童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)等(deng)被(bei)(bei)列(lie)入湖(hu)南(nan)省(sheng)級(ji)非遺項目名(ming)錄(lu)。其中(zhong)，北京童(tong)謠(yao)(yao)表現(xian)了(le)各時期北京的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)市性格和北京人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思想感情(qing)，承載著我(wo)(wo)國幾千年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史，代表作(zuo)有《東直門掛著匾(bian)》《大頭兒(er)大》《一園青菜成了(le)精(jing)》《過水(shui)面》《風婆婆》《金箍嚕(lu)棒》等(deng)。

諺語

滬諺,陜北民諺

諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是千百年(nian)來流傳在人(ren)民(min)大(da)眾口頭上相對固定(ding)成型而(er)短小(xiao)精煉的(de)(de)(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)句，以極其(qi)簡單(dan)和通(tong)(tong)俗易懂的(de)(de)(de)(de)言辭說明(ming)一(yi)個深(shen)刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)道理，是中國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)間文(wen)學重(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成部(bu)分，也是中華(hua)民(min)族(zu)寶貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)非物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)之一(yi)。諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)反映了勞動人(ren)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生活(huo)(huo)實(shi)踐經(jing)驗，口語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)性強(qiang)，通(tong)(tong)俗易懂，反映的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容涉及(ji)社(she)會生活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各個方(fang)面。諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)按類型可以分為生活(huo)(huo)諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、農業諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、風土諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、時政諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。據Maigoo小(xiao)編了解，諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)（滬(hu)諺(yan)）入(ru)(ru)選第(di)三批國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)非物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄，諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)（陜北民(min)諺(yan)）入(ru)(ru)選第(di)四批國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)非物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄，諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)（哈(ha)薩克族(zu)諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)）入(ru)(ru)選第(di)五批國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)(ji)非物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄，還有部(bu)分地級(ji)(ji)市(shi)諺(yan)語(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)入(ru)(ru)選省市(shi)級(ji)(ji)非物質文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)名錄。

歌謠

劉三姐歌謠,苗族古歌,土家族哭嫁歌

民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)，是(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間文學體裁之(zhi)一，是(shi)篇幅短小(xiao)，以抒(shu)情為主的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間詩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)總稱，也是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間文學重(zhong)要組成(cheng)部分(fen)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)由“民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)”和“民(min)(min)(min)(min)謠(yao)(yao)”兩(liang)部分(fen)構(gou)成(cheng)，按(an)內容分(fen)，有(you)苦歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、情歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、盤(pan)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、風(feng)俗歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、節令歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等，按(an)民(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)分(fen)，有(you)藏族(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯族(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、侗族(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)是(shi)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)口頭創作，最貼近生(sheng)活，直接表達了人民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)(de)思(si)想感情和意志愿望，在文學史上有(you)重(zhong)要意義。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)非遺(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)中(zhong)，有(you)苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、劉三姐歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)、布(bu)依(yi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)盤(pan)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土家族(zu)(zu)(zu)梯瑪歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯族(zu)(zu)(zu)嘹歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土家族(zu)(zu)(zu)哭嫁歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、仫佬族(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等具有(you)少(shao)數民(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)特色(se)的(de)(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)，還有(you)吳歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、桐城歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、酉陽(yang)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、常山喝彩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)、雷州歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等地方特色(se)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)，這(zhe)些民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)都(dou)入選(xuan)國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)非物質文化遺(yi)產名錄(lu)。

民間謎語

澄海燈謎,青林寺謎語

謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語源自中國(guo)(guo)(guo)古代民間(jian)(jian)，是帶有知識性(xing)和趣味性(xing)的民間(jian)(jian)韻(yun)文作品(pin)，也是一(yi)種和游戲娛(yu)樂(le)分(fen)不開的民間(jian)(jian)口頭(tou)語言藝術(shu)，歷經數(shu)千年的演(yan)變(bian)和發展，是中國(guo)(guo)(guo)古代勞動(dong)人民集體(ti)智慧創造的文化(hua)產物(wu)，也是中國(guo)(guo)(guo)民間(jian)(jian)文學(xue)重要組成(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語根據謎(mi)(mi)(mi)底所反映(ying)的事(shi)物(wu)性(xing)質和對象，一(yi)般分(fen)為三大(da)類：物(wu)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、事(shi)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)、字謎(mi)(mi)(mi)。中國(guo)(guo)(guo)民間(jian)(jian)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語歷經數(shu)千年的演(yan)變(bian)、發展、完(wan)善才(cai)形成(cheng)現(xian)今(jin)的體(ti)系(xi)格局，成(cheng)為廣(guang)大(da)人民喜聞樂(le)見的文學(xue)形式，并流傳(chuan)至今(jin)。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語（澄海(hai)燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)）入選第(di)二批(pi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家級非物(wu)質文化(hua)遺產名(ming)(ming)錄，青林(lin)寺(si)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語入選第(di)一(yi)批(pi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家級非物(wu)質文化(hua)遺產名(ming)(ming)錄。此外，青林(lin)寺(si)村(cun)被中國(guo)(guo)(guo)民協命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)為“中國(guo)(guo)(guo)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)語村(cun)”，澄海(hai)被文化(hua)部(bu)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)(ming)為“中國(guo)(guo)(guo)民間(jian)(jian)燈謎(mi)(mi)(mi)藝術(shu)之鄉”。

民間敘事長詩

孔雀東南飛,阿詩瑪

民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)是民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)文學體裁之一，為一種(zhong)具(ju)有比(bi)較完整的(de)(de)故事(shi)(shi)(shi)情節的(de)(de)韻(yun)(yun)(yun)文或散韻(yun)(yun)(yun)結(jie)合的(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)詩(shi)歌，也是中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)文學的(de)(de)重要組成部分。民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)是人民(min)(min)(min)(min)群眾集體創作、口頭流傳的(de)(de)以第三人稱進(jin)行敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)具(ju)完整故事(shi)(shi)(shi)情節并注(zhu)重人物刻畫(hua)的(de)(de)長(chang)篇韻(yun)(yun)(yun)文或韻(yun)(yun)(yun)散相間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)詩(shi)歌作品，也稱“故事(shi)(shi)(shi)歌”或“故事(shi)(shi)(shi)詩(shi)”。在中(zhong)(zhong)國非遺項目中(zhong)(zhong)，也產生了很多國家級(ji)非遺民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)詩(shi)，如云南(nan)石林彝族敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)《阿詩(shi)瑪(ma)》、甘(gan)肅米東(dong)《米拉尕(ga)黑》、青海互助土(tu)族民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)《祁家延西(xi)》、云南(nan)西(xi)雙版(ban)納傣(dai)族《召樹(shu)屯與喃(nan)木(mu)諾娜》等，還有聞名遐邇的(de)(de)《孔雀東(dong)南(nan)飛》《木(mu)蘭辭》，為我國古代民(min)(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)敘(xu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)長(chang)詩(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)璀璨耀眼的(de)(de)“雙子星座”。

民間說唱

寶卷

民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)是(shi)以說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)唱(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)來敷演故(gu)事(shi)或刻畫人物(wu)(wu)形(xing)(xing)象的(de)(de)(de)口頭(tou)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)作品，也叫(jiao)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)，是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)部分。民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)同民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)曲(qu)(qu)藝(yi)(yi)既有(you)密切的(de)(de)(de)關系，又有(you)明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)區別，不同于民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)曲(qu)(qu)藝(yi)(yi)，民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)側重(zhong)(zhong)于文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)方面，主要(yao)是(shi)從(cong)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)角(jiao)度探(tan)討(tao)作為曲(qu)(qu)藝(yi)(yi)表演底本的(de)(de)(de)構成與(yu)特點(dian)，屬于民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)范疇。民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)從(cong)內容和形(xing)(xing)式(shi)上，分為唱(chang)(chang)故(gu)事(shi)、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)故(gu)事(shi)、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)笑話三(san)個(ge)類別。我國(guo)民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)歷史悠(you)久，形(xing)(xing)成了富有(you)民(min)(min)族特色(se)的(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)術傳(chuan)統。在(zai)中(zhong)國(guo)非(fei)遺(yi)保護中(zhong)，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)以曲(qu)(qu)藝(yi)(yi)或者民(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)名義進入(ru)到(dao)各級(ji)非(fei)遺(yi)名錄當中(zhong)，其(qi)中(zhong)，河西寶(bao)卷、靖江寶(bao)卷、吳(wu)地寶(bao)卷、岷縣寶(bao)卷、楊家將(jiang)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)等(deng)入(ru)選國(guo)家級(ji)非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)產名錄，成為中(zhong)國(guo)非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)產重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成部分。尤其(qi)是(shi)寶(bao)卷，是(shi)一種綜合文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、音樂、表演于一體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)(chang)文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)，被(bei)稱為中(zhong)國(guo)俗文(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)(de)“活化(hua)石”。

榜單聲明：中國(guo)十大非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)的民間文學排行(xing)榜(bang)，是(shi)Maigoo小編主(zhu)要依據國(guo)內國(guo)家(jia)級非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)之(zhi)民間文學的歷史、藝術、科學價(jia)值、傳(chuan)承情(qing)況以及在(zai)國(guo)內地區(qu)(qu)的影響力等因素(su)進行(xing)選擇，參(can)考(kao)(kao)聯合國(guo)教科文組織評選的《人類非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)代表作名錄》和國(guo)務院(yuan)批準(zhun)并公布(bu)的國(guo)家(jia)級非(fei)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產(chan)名錄，并綜合參(can)考(kao)(kao)互聯網相(xiang)關排行(xing)榜(bang)/榜(bang)單進行(xing)推薦，名單僅(jin)供參(can)考(kao)(kao)，排名不分先(xian)后，歡迎大家(jia)在(zai)評論區(qu)(qu)留(liu)言補充。