景區建筑
現(xian)東邊的文(wen)昌宮以(yi)桂籍殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)中(zhong)心,前有(you)(you)山(shan)門(men)(men)、戲(xi)樓,后有(you)(you)崇(chong)圣(sheng)祠,中(zhong)為(wei)二門(men)(men)戲(xi)樓,左右有(you)(you)牛(niu)公祠、劉(liu)公祠。文(wen)廟西以(yi)大(da)成殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)主,前有(you)(you)伴池、狀元橋,后有(you)(you)尊經閣(ge),中(zhong)有(you)(you)靈星門(men)(men)、戟門(men)(men),左右有(you)(you)名(ming)宦、鄉賢祠。文(wen)廟原設有(you)(you)正門(men)(men),面南而開,但最(zui)南端被一(yi)堵稱“萬(wan)仞宮墻”莊(zhuang)重穩健的影(ying)壁所隔,由于數(shu)百年(nian)來涼州一(yi)直未出(chu)狀元,所以(yi)開正門(men)(men)之事也就擱置(zhi)至今(jin)。影(ying)壁兩(liang)側各開小門(men)(men),朝東的叫(jiao)“義(yi)路”,往西的稱“禮門(men)(men)”。由“義(yi)路”進(jin)入廟院,影(ying)壁北(bei)面是(shi)半月型的拌池。池上(shang)架一(yi)座(zuo)石料拱(gong)橋,名(ming)“狀元橋”。欞(ling)(ling)星門(men)(men)是(shi)明正統時建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的一(yi)座(zuo)木質(zhi)牌(pai)橋,四柱三(san)(san)間(jian),翹檐飛角。穿過欞(ling)(ling)星門(men)(men),就可(ke)看到戟門(men)(men),戟門(men)(men)兩(liang)側是(shi)鄉賢、名(ming)宦祠,為(wei)供養(yang)地方賢達(da)和清官牌(pai)位的地方。戟門(men)(men)是(shi)大(da)成殿(dian)(dian)近前的一(yi)道門(men)(men),大(da)成殿(dian)(dian)建(jian)(jian)在寬闊(kuo)的石筑(zhu)臺基上(shang),雄(xiong)偉(wei)而壯嚴,保留著明清建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風格,大(da)有(you)(you)至圣(sheng)至尊的氣派。大(da)成殿(dian)(dian)是(shi)文(wen)廟的主殿(dian)(dian),三(san)(san)寬三(san)(san)間(jian),進(jin)深三(san)(san)間(jian),重檐歇山(shan)頂(ding),頂(ding)置(zhi)九脊(ji),鴟吻螭獸(shou)俱全,脊(ji)皆(jie)以(yi)纏枝蓮紋(wen)磚砌筑(zhu)。正脊(ji)中(zhong)設橋形(xing)小珠(zhu)。屋面盡覆琉璃筒板瓦。檐下為(wei)五鋪(pu)作(zuo)雙(shuang)抄雙(shuang)平昂。柱頭、補間(jian)鋪(pu)作(zuo)華麗(li),欞(ling)(ling)格隔扇、腰華板、
裙板(ban)等皆有簡單雕飾。周圍繞以回廊(lang)、高臺基,大有莊重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、肅穆、文(wen)雅(ya)之風韻。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內迎門原供(gong)奉著大成(cheng)(cheng)至圣先師孔(kong)于的(de)(de)畫像,旁立著孔(kong)子七(qi)十(shi)二(er)弟(di)子的(de)(de)牌位。大成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)之后(hou)的(de)(de)尊經(jing)閣(ge),是兩層土木結構樓,重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)檐歇(xie)山頂,坐落在高達2米的(de)(de)磚(zhuan)包臺基上(shang),是武威現存(cun)最高大的(de)(de)古(gu)代重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓建(jian)筑。閣(ge)周繞以回廊(lang)木柵欄。頂部三重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)翹角(jiao)上(shang)均懸(xuan)有風鈴,清風徐來,鈴聲叮(ding)鐺,為沉寂的(de)(de)廟宇(yu)增添了些(xie)許生氣。大成(cheng)(cheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)東(dong)側的(de)(de)桂(gui)籍(ji)(ji)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)是供(gong)奉文(wen)昌帝(di)君的(de)(de)。建(jian)筑自成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)組(zu),為文(wen)昌宮。內有過(guo)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),左右設耳(er)房供(gong)道士(shi)居住(zhu)。過(guo)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)之后(hou),魁星閣(ge)與桂(gui)籍(ji)(ji)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)遙相呼應。
景區亮點
武威文廟(miao)是一(yi)組造型(xing)雄偉(wei)的(de)(de)仿皇家宮闕建筑(zhu)群。被(bei)稱為國寶的(de)(de)銅(tong)奔(ben)馬(ma),出土于武威雷臺的(de)(de)張(zhang)將軍墓,收藏(zang)于文廟(miao),專家鑒(jian)定為東漢時期的(de)(de)文物(wu),距今已(yi)躍進1600多年(nian)的(de)(de)漫長歲月(yue)。銅(tong)奔(ben)馬(ma)又稱“馬(ma)踏飛(fei)燕”,呈發綠古銅(tong)色,馬(ma)高34.5厘(li)米,身長45cm,昂首嘶嗚,奔(ben)馳向前,為了顯示(shi)奔(ben)馬(ma)的(de)(de)神(shen)勇、古代工(gong)匠大膽想象,讓支撐(cheng)銅(tong)馬(ma)全部(bu)重量(liang)的(de)(de)一(yi)支后(hou)躥踏在展(zhan)翅的(de)(de)飛(fei)鳥上,其它(ta)三足(zu)騰空而起,既展(zhan)現了奔(ben)馬(ma)風馳電摯(zhi)的(de)(de)神(shen)速,又巧(qiao)(qiao)妙地利用飛(fei)馬(ma)的(de)(de)驅地,使(shi)奔(ben)馬(ma)騰飛(fei)中保(bao)持相(xiang)對和穩定,喻(yu)動于靜,動靜結(jie)合(he),不僅造型(xing)生動,制(zhi)作(zuo)精美,而且完全符合(he)力學平(ping)衡(heng)原理,蘊(yun)含豐富的(de)(de)天馬(ma)文化內涵(han),鑄造技(ji)巧(qiao)(qiao)精湛,堪稱青銅(tong)藝術之極品。今天這(zhe)支有(you)著(zhu)稀世珍寶美稱的(de)(de)銅(tong)奔(ben)馬(ma),被(bei)國家旅(lv)(lv)游局定為全國旅(lv)(lv)游標致。
交通信息
市(shi)區內乘坐(zuo)101路公交(jiao)車到(dao)文(wen)廟廣場站下車即是(shi)。