芒果视频

基本介紹

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)位(wei)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳嵩(song)(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)太室山(shan)(shan)(shan)東麓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)蓋(gai)峰下，距登(deng)(deng)封(feng)(feng)市區一(yi)公里，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳嵩(song)(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)與(yu)象征(zheng)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原地(di)區較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)處(chu)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)宇，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華五岳中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)現(xian)(xian)存(cun)(cun)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)較大(da)(da)、保存(cun)(cun)較完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道(dao)教(jiao)建筑(zhu)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)始(shi)(shi)建于(yu)秦，其前身為太室祠(ci)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭祀中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳嵩(song)(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)神的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)。西漢(han)(han)元封(feng)(feng)元年(nian)（公元前110年(nian)），漢(han)(han)武帝劉(liu)徹率(lv)領群臣，禮登(deng)(deng)嵩(song)(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)峻極峰，忽聞(wen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)“山(shan)(shan)(shan)呼(hu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)歲(sui)”之(zhi)聲(sheng)，以為山(shan)(shan)(shan)神顯靈(ling)，隨下令(ling)增建太室祠(ci)，禁伐山(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草木，賜山(shan)(shan)(shan)下三(san)百戶(hu)村民(min)為太室奉(feng)邑(yi)，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)今天的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)登(deng)(deng)封(feng)(feng)市。武則天萬(wan)(wan)(wan)歲(sui)登(deng)(deng)封(feng)(feng)元年(nian)（公元696年(nian)），女(nv)皇登(deng)(deng)嵩(song)(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，封(feng)(feng)岳神之(zhi)后，使中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名聲(sheng)大(da)(da)振。北宋(song)時(shi)期(qi)，太祖趙(zhao)匡胤和真宗趙(zhao)恒則又(you)按照皇宮(gong)形式(shi)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)進行了(le)大(da)(da)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修復建設(she)。經(jing)過唐、宋(song)時(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)力整修，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)已形成“崇墉(yong)繚(liao)繞，屹若云連”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壯(zhuang)麗宏偉(wei)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)。清(qing)乾隆皇帝在(zai)位(wei)期(qi)間，按照故(gu)宮(gong)形式(shi)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)又(you)進行了(le)大(da)(da)規(gui)(gui)模(mo)整修，故(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)又(you)有(you)(you)“天中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小故(gu)宮(gong)”之(zhi)稱。占地(di)11萬(wan)(wan)(wan)余(yu)平方(fang)米，規(gui)(gui)模(mo)宏大(da)(da)，歷(li)史悠久，現(xian)(xian)為全國(guo)(guo)重點文物保護單位(wei)。廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)內現(xian)(xian)存(cun)(cun)建筑(zhu)四百余(yu)間，金石鑄器二百余(yu)件，古柏300余(yu)株，廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)內中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳嵩(song)(song)高靈(ling)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)碑是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)道(dao)教(jiao)立碑之(zhi)祖，宋(song)代鎮庫鐵(tie)人(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)現(xian)(xian)存(cun)(cun)形體較大(da)(da)，保存(cun)(cun)較好，造(zao)型佳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)人(ren)(ren)，廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)外石刻翁(weng)仲是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)現(xian)(xian)存(cun)(cun)年(nian)代較早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石雕翁(weng)仲，太室闕是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嵩(song)(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)漢(han)(han)三(san)闕之(zhi)一(yi)。另外，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香火極旺，每年(nian)接(jie)待全國(guo)(guo)各地(di)香客(ke)(ke)達(da)20余(yu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)次(ci)，一(yi)年(nian)二次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)會(hui)，始(shi)(shi)于(yu)隋唐，己有(you)(you)一(yi)千多年(nian)歷(li)史，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)嵩(song)(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)區重要物資交流大(da)(da)會(hui)，旅游(you)觀光大(da)(da)會(hui)，年(nian)接(jie)待游(you)客(ke)(ke)達(da)100余(yu)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)人(ren)(ren)次(ci)。

景點景觀

太室闕

太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)位于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)廟天(tian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)閣南600余米處的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)上。是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)廟前身(shen)太(tai)室(shi)祠的(de)(de)神(shen)道闕(que)，始建(jian)于(yu)東漢(han)安帝元(yuan)初五年(nian)（公元(yuan)118年(nian)），為(wei)當時(shi)的(de)(de)陽城長呂(lv)常所建(jian)，與少室(shi)闕(que)、啟母闕(que)并稱為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)漢(han)三闕(que)。太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)的(de)(de)位置和神(shen)道一直未變，是(shi)古代(dai)祭祀(si)太(tai)室(shi)山神(shen)的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)實物(wu)見證。闕(que)是(shi)建(jian)在(zai)城門(men)、墓門(men)、宮門(men)、廟門(men)前面(mian)的(de)(de)兩個相峙對稱的(de)(de)建(jian)筑物(wu)，因中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)沒(mei)有橫(heng)額，所以叫(jiao)“缺”，古時(shi)候“缺”和“闕(que)”這兩個字(zi)是(shi)通用(yong)的(de)(de)。闕(que)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)其實就是(shi)象征性的(de)(de)大門(men)，代(dai)表著威嚴(yan)。1961年(nian)太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)被國(guo)務院公布(bu)為(wei)第(di)一批全國(guo)重(zhong)(zhong)點文物(wu)保護單(dan)位。太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)是(shi)用(yong)長方形石塊壘砌而成(cheng)，上刻(ke)有漢(han)隸和篆、隸參半的(de)(de)銘文，記(ji)述了建(jian)闕(que)的(de)(de)緣(yuan)由及贊頌中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)神(shen)的(de)(de)靈驗，是(shi)研(yan)究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)書法演變的(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)實物(wu)。闕(que)身(shen)雕(diao)刻(ke)有斗(dou)雞、車騎(qi)出行、人物(wu)、龍、虎等畫(hua)像50余幅，是(shi)研(yan)究漢(han)代(dai)風俗習慣(guan)和社會生活的(de)(de)珍貴資料，對研(yan)究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)漢(han)代(dai)建(jian)筑史、繪畫(hua)藝術史具有極高的(de)(de)價值。

中軸線

中(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)的(de)中(zhong)軸(zhou)線是一(yi)(yi)條由青(qing)石板鋪成的(de)大甭道，共十(shi)一(yi)(yi)進(jin)，全(quan)長1.3華里(li)。沿中(zhong)軸(zhou)線從南(nan)向北(bei)，由低而高，依次為中(zhong)華門、遙(yao)參亭(ting)(ting)、天中(zhong)閣、配天作(zuo)鎮坊(fang)、祟圣門、化三門、峻極門、高高峻極坊(fang)、中(zhong)岳大殿、寢殿、御(yu)書(shu)樓。廟(miao)(miao)的(de)東(dong)路(lu)和(he)西路(lu)，還分(fen)別建(jian)有太尉官(guan)、火神(shen)宮(gong)、祖(zu)師(shi)宮(gong)、小樓宮(gong)、神(shen)州官(guan)和(he)龍王殿等(deng)單(dan)獨的(de)小院落，現存明清建(jian)筑(zhu)近四百間，金石鑄器二(er)百余(yu)件，漢到清的(de)古(gu)柏(bo)三百余(yu)株。正是這些亭(ting)(ting)門宮(gong)殿，構成了中(zhong)岳廟(miao)(miao)規模宏(hong)大的(de)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)。

中華門

中華門中岳廟的前門，原名“名山第一坊”，為木建牌樓，1942年改建為磚瓦結構的原廡殿式牌坊，更名為“中華門”。門額內外分別寫有“依嵩”、“帶潁”、“嵩峻”、“天中”八字，簡要地說明了中岳廟所處的地理位置。中華門(men)(men)北有(you)一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)八角重檐亭(ting)，即“遙參亭(ting)”，是古代(dai)過往行(xing)旅拜(bai)謁岳神的(de)地方。檐坊和(he)雀替上(shang)面透(tou)雕戲(xi)曲故事，形象優美，精巧異常。穿過遙參亭(ting)，迎(ying)面就是天中閣。天中閣在明(ming)清之際是中岳廟的(de)正門(men)(men)，原名黃(huang)中樓(lou)，明(ming)嘉靖年(nian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)改為今名，面闊五間(jian)(jian)(jian)，重檐綠瓦(wa)(wa)，雕梁畫柱，飛檐凌空，風格獨(du)秀。門(men)(men)上(shang)虎頭大釘緊(jin)扣，門(men)(men)外(wai)兩個(ge)(ge)石獅守衛，栩栩如生，為清代(dai)雕刻的(de)代(dai)表作。東側(ce)(ce)雄獅口中，有(you)直徑為15厘(li)米的(de)石雕圓球(qiu)，西(xi)側(ce)(ce)雌獅前蹄(ti)按一(yi)(yi)小獅，工藝精巧，獨(du)具匠心。石獅之后，是辟有(you)三個(ge)(ge)門(men)(men)洞的(de)高臺樓(lou)閣。臺高7米有(you)余(yu)，上(shang)面有(you)面闊五間(jian)(jian)(jian)、進深一(yi)(yi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)重檐歇山(shan)式建筑，覆以(yi)綠色(se)琉(liu)璃瓦(wa)(wa)，四周筑有(you)女兒墻。游人至此，舉目四望(wang)，東有(you)牧子崗，西(xi)臨望(wang)朝嶺，南(nan)接玉(yu)案(an)山(shan)，北依黃(huang)蓋峰。

配天作鎮坊

出天(tian)中(zhong)閣沿甬(yong)道拾級(ji)而上，其后便是木結構配(pei)天(tian)作鎮枋。它原名(ming)叫“宇廟坊”，古時稱(cheng)中(zhong)岳為(wei)土神，意思是以地配(pei)天(tian)。枋起(qi)三架，廡殿(dian)式屋頂，斗拱(gong)雀替，雕琢華麗。正(zheng)樓額書(shu)(shu)“配(pei)天(tian)作鎮”，左右(you)配(pei)樓分別書(shu)(shu)“宇廟”、“俱瞻”。配(pei)天(tian)作鎮枋后為(wei)松(song)柏掩映的崇(chong)圣門。此門為(wei)過往門庭，因(yin)中(zhong)岳神曾被封為(wei)“中(zhong)岳天(tian)中(zhong)崇(chong)圣大(da)帝”而得名(ming)。

崇圣門

崇圣門東(dong)有古(gu)神庫(ku)，創建于北(bei)宋(song)(song)。在古(gu)神庫(ku)周圍有四(si)個高大的鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)人，四(si)大鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)人鑄(zhu)造于北(bei)宋(song)(song)英宗治平元年(nian)（公元1064年(nian)），高3米許，重約3噸，握拳振臂(bei)，怒(nu)目挺胸，形(xing)(xing)象(xiang)威嚴，栩(xu)栩(xu)如生，是(shi)中(zhong)國現存(cun)形(xing)(xing)體(ti)較(jiao)大，保存(cun)較(jiao)好的四(si)個“守庫(ku)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)人”，同時也(ye)是(shi)北(bei)宋(song)(song)鑄(zhu)造的藝術珍品。

化三門

化(hua)三(san)門(men)取名于道教的(de)“一氣化(hua)三(san)清(qing)”，是(shi)中(zhong)岳廟(miao)的(de)過往門(men)庭。化(hua)三(san)門(men)后西側，有(you)無(wu)字(zi)(zi)碑亭。亭內立有(you)清(qing)代(dai)石碑一通(tong)，碑上只有(you)線(xian)刻花邊，沒有(you)文字(zi)(zi)，故稱"無(wu)字(zi)(zi)碑"。立此(ci)碑的(de)意(yi)思是(shi)說岳神之德，大得難以用文字(zi)(zi)形容，故立空石，以示(shi)紀念。

龍王廟

龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)廟，其建(jian)筑(zhu)在中岳廟院外，整個建(jian)筑(zhu)仿古而(er)(er)莊嚴，現是在唐代(dai)古廟的(de)基地上建(jian)成一座具有現代(dai)與古代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)特色(se)的(de)道(dao)觀，位于中岳山脈之(zhi)首，上接天(tian)宇，地連龍(long)(long)(long)脈。整座龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)廟，呈龍(long)(long)(long)形與道(dao)家(jia)八卦象位而(er)(er)建(jian)，廟中龍(long)(long)(long)王(wang)(wang)、龍(long)(long)(long)太(tai)子(zi)形像栩栩如生，威嚴逼真，是求神求財靈驗(yan)之(zhi)道(dao)場。

交通指南

在登封市乘坐2路公(gong)交車(che)，在“中岳廟”站下車(che)即到，2路公(gong)交車(che)也可以到嵩陽書院(yuan)。