芒果视频

基本介紹

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)位于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩山(shan)(shan)太室(shi)山(shan)(shan)東麓(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)蓋峰下，距登(deng)封市(shi)區(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)里，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)廟(miao)與象(xiang)征，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原地區(qu)(qu)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)處(chu)廟(miao)宇(yu)，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華五岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)現存(cun)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)較大(da)(da)、保(bao)存(cun)較完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道教建筑(zhu)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)始建于(yu)秦，其前(qian)身為太室(shi)祠，是(shi)(shi)祭(ji)祀(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩山(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)神(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方。西漢元封元年(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元前(qian)110年(nian)），漢武帝劉徹率領(ling)群(qun)臣，禮登(deng)嵩山(shan)(shan)峻極(ji)峰，忽聞山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)“山(shan)(shan)呼萬歲”之(zhi)聲，以為山(shan)(shan)神(shen)顯靈(ling)，隨下令增(zeng)建太室(shi)祠，禁(jin)伐山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草木，賜山(shan)(shan)下三(san)百戶村民為太室(shi)奉邑，也就是(shi)(shi)今天的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)登(deng)封市(shi)。武則天萬歲登(deng)封元年(nian)（公(gong)(gong)元696年(nian)），女皇(huang)登(deng)嵩山(shan)(shan)，封岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)神(shen)之(zhi)后，使中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名聲大(da)(da)振(zhen)。北(bei)宋時期(qi)，太祖趙(zhao)匡(kuang)胤和真(zhen)宗趙(zhao)恒則又按(an)照皇(huang)宮形(xing)(xing)(xing)式(shi)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)進行了大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修復建設。經過唐(tang)、宋時期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)力整(zheng)修，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)已形(xing)(xing)(xing)成“崇(chong)墉(yong)繚繞，屹若云連”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壯麗宏偉規(gui)模(mo)(mo)。清乾(qian)隆(long)皇(huang)帝在位期(qi)間(jian)，按(an)照故(gu)宮形(xing)(xing)(xing)式(shi)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)又進行了大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)整(zheng)修，故(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)又有(you)(you)(you)“天中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小故(gu)宮”之(zhi)稱。占(zhan)地11萬余(yu)平(ping)方米(mi)，規(gui)模(mo)(mo)宏大(da)(da)，歷(li)史悠久，現為全國(guo)(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)物保(bao)護(hu)單位。廟(miao)內現存(cun)建筑(zhu)四百余(yu)間(jian)，金石(shi)鑄器二百余(yu)件(jian)，古柏(bo)300余(yu)株，廟(miao)內中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩高(gao)靈(ling)廟(miao)碑(bei)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)道教立碑(bei)之(zhi)祖，宋代鎮庫鐵人(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)現存(cun)形(xing)(xing)(xing)體較大(da)(da)，保(bao)存(cun)較好，造型(xing)佳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵人(ren)(ren)，廟(miao)外石(shi)刻翁(weng)仲是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)現存(cun)年(nian)代較早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)雕翁(weng)仲，太室(shi)闕是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嵩山(shan)(shan)漢三(san)闕之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。另外，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香火(huo)極(ji)旺，每年(nian)接(jie)待全國(guo)(guo)各地香客(ke)(ke)達20余(yu)萬人(ren)(ren)次，一(yi)(yi)年(nian)二次的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)會，始于(yu)隋唐(tang)，己有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)千多年(nian)歷(li)史，是(shi)(shi)嵩山(shan)(shan)地區(qu)(qu)重(zhong)要物資交流大(da)(da)會，旅游(you)觀光大(da)(da)會，年(nian)接(jie)待游(you)客(ke)(ke)達100余(yu)萬人(ren)(ren)次。

景點景觀

太室闕

太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)位(wei)于中(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)廟天中(zhong)(zhong)閣(ge)南(nan)600余(yu)米(mi)處的中(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)線上。是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)廟前身太(tai)室(shi)祠的神(shen)道(dao)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)，始建于東漢安帝(di)元初五年(nian)（公(gong)元118年(nian)），為(wei)當(dang)時(shi)的陽城(cheng)長呂常所建，與少(shao)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)、啟母(mu)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)并(bing)稱為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)漢三闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)。太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)的位(wei)置和(he)神(shen)道(dao)一直未(wei)變(bian)，是(shi)古代祭祀太(tai)室(shi)山神(shen)的重要實(shi)物(wu)見(jian)證。闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)是(shi)建在城(cheng)門(men)、墓(mu)門(men)、宮門(men)、廟門(men)前面的兩個(ge)(ge)相峙對(dui)稱的建筑物(wu)，因中(zhong)(zhong)間沒(mei)有(you)(you)橫額，所以叫“缺”，古時(shi)候“缺”和(he)“闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)”這兩個(ge)(ge)字(zi)是(shi)通用(yong)的。闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)的作用(yong)其實(shi)就是(shi)象征性的大門(men)，代表著威嚴。1961年(nian)太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)被國務院公(gong)布為(wei)第(di)一批全國重點文物(wu)保(bao)護單位(wei)。太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)是(shi)用(yong)長方形石塊(kuai)壘砌(qi)而(er)成，上刻(ke)有(you)(you)漢隸(li)和(he)篆(zhuan)、隸(li)參半的銘文，記(ji)述了建闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)的緣由(you)及(ji)贊頌(song)中(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)神(shen)的靈驗(yan)，是(shi)研究(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)國書法演變(bian)的重要實(shi)物(wu)。闕(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)(que)身雕刻(ke)有(you)(you)斗雞、車(che)騎(qi)出行、人物(wu)、龍(long)、虎(hu)等畫(hua)像50余(yu)幅，是(shi)研究(jiu)漢代風俗(su)習慣和(he)社(she)會生活的珍貴資(zi)料，對(dui)研究(jiu)中(zhong)(zhong)國漢代建筑史、繪畫(hua)藝術史具有(you)(you)極高的價值。

中軸線

中(zhong)(zhong)岳廟的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)是一條(tiao)由(you)青石板鋪(pu)成的(de)大甭道，共十(shi)一進(jin)，全長1.3華里。沿(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)從南向北(bei)，由(you)低(di)而(er)高(gao)，依次為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)華門、遙參亭、天中(zhong)(zhong)閣、配天作鎮(zhen)坊、祟圣門、化三(san)(san)門、峻極門、高(gao)高(gao)峻極坊、中(zhong)(zhong)岳大殿、寢殿、御(yu)書樓(lou)。廟的(de)東(dong)路(lu)和西路(lu)，還分(fen)別建(jian)有太尉官、火神宮、祖師宮、小(xiao)樓(lou)宮、神州官和龍王(wang)殿等單獨的(de)小(xiao)院落，現存明清建(jian)筑近四百(bai)間，金(jin)石鑄器二(er)百(bai)余件，漢到清的(de)古柏三(san)(san)百(bai)余株。正是這些亭門宮殿，構(gou)成了中(zhong)(zhong)岳廟規(gui)模宏大的(de)古建(jian)筑群。

中華門

中華門中岳廟的前門，原名“名山第一坊”，為木建牌樓，1942年改建為磚瓦結構的原廡殿式牌坊，更名為“中華門”。門額內外分別寫有“依嵩”、“帶潁”、“嵩峻”、“天中”八字，簡要地說明了中岳廟所處的地理位置。中華門(men)北(bei)有(you)(you)一座八角(jiao)重(zhong)檐(yan)亭(ting)，即“遙參亭(ting)”，是(shi)古代過(guo)(guo)往行旅(lv)拜謁岳(yue)神的地方。檐(yan)坊和雀替上(shang)面(mian)透(tou)雕戲曲故事，形象優美，精巧異(yi)常(chang)。穿過(guo)(guo)遙參亭(ting)，迎面(mian)就(jiu)是(shi)天中閣。天中閣在明(ming)清(qing)之(zhi)際是(shi)中岳(yue)廟的正門(men)，原(yuan)名黃(huang)中樓，明(ming)嘉(jia)靖(jing)年間改為(wei)今名，面(mian)闊五(wu)間，重(zhong)檐(yan)綠瓦，雕梁畫柱(zhu)，飛檐(yan)凌空，風格(ge)獨秀。門(men)上(shang)虎頭(tou)大釘緊扣，門(men)外兩個(ge)石(shi)(shi)獅守衛(wei)，栩栩如生，為(wei)清(qing)代雕刻的代表作。東側(ce)雄獅口中，有(you)(you)直徑(jing)為(wei)15厘米的石(shi)(shi)雕圓球，西側(ce)雌(ci)獅前(qian)蹄按一小獅，工藝(yi)精巧，獨具(ju)匠(jiang)心。石(shi)(shi)獅之(zhi)后，是(shi)辟有(you)(you)三個(ge)門(men)洞的高臺樓閣。臺高7米有(you)(you)余，上(shang)面(mian)有(you)(you)面(mian)闊五(wu)間、進深一間的重(zhong)檐(yan)歇(xie)山式建筑(zhu)，覆(fu)以綠色琉璃瓦，四周筑(zhu)有(you)(you)女兒墻。游人至此，舉目四望，東有(you)(you)牧子崗，西臨望朝嶺，南(nan)接玉案(an)山，北(bei)依黃(huang)蓋峰。

配天作鎮坊

出天(tian)(tian)中(zhong)(zhong)閣(ge)沿甬(yong)道拾級(ji)而(er)上(shang)，其后便(bian)是木結構配(pei)天(tian)(tian)作鎮枋。它原名叫“宇廟(miao)坊”，古時(shi)稱中(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)為(wei)土神(shen)(shen)，意思是以地配(pei)天(tian)(tian)。枋起三架，廡殿式(shi)屋頂(ding)，斗拱(gong)雀替，雕琢華麗(li)。正樓(lou)額(e)書“配(pei)天(tian)(tian)作鎮”，左右配(pei)樓(lou)分別書“宇廟(miao)”、“俱瞻(zhan)”。配(pei)天(tian)(tian)作鎮枋后為(wei)松柏掩(yan)映的崇圣門。此(ci)門為(wei)過往門庭，因(yin)中(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)神(shen)(shen)曾(ceng)被(bei)封為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)天(tian)(tian)中(zhong)(zhong)崇圣大帝”而(er)得(de)名。

崇圣門

崇圣門東有古(gu)神(shen)庫，創建于(yu)北宋(song)。在古(gu)神(shen)庫周圍有四(si)個高大的鐵(tie)人，四(si)大鐵(tie)人鑄造于(yu)北宋(song)英宗治(zhi)平(ping)元年（公元1064年），高3米許，重(zhong)約3噸，握拳振臂，怒目挺(ting)胸，形(xing)象威嚴(yan)，栩栩如生，是中國現存(cun)形(xing)體較大，保(bao)存(cun)較好的四(si)個“守庫鐵(tie)人”，同(tong)時也是北宋(song)鑄造的藝術珍品。

化三門

化三門取名于道教的(de)“一氣化三清”，是中岳(yue)廟的(de)過往門庭。化三門后西側，有(you)(you)無(wu)字(zi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)亭。亭內立(li)有(you)(you)清代石碑(bei)(bei)(bei)一通，碑(bei)(bei)(bei)上只有(you)(you)線刻花邊，沒有(you)(you)文字(zi)，故稱"無(wu)字(zi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)"。立(li)此碑(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)意(yi)思是說岳(yue)神之德，大得(de)難以(yi)用文字(zi)形容，故立(li)空石，以(yi)示紀(ji)念。

龍王廟

龍王廟，其建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)中岳(yue)(yue)廟院(yuan)外，整個建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)仿古而莊嚴，現是(shi)在(zai)(zai)唐(tang)代(dai)古廟的基(ji)地上(shang)建(jian)成一座(zuo)具有現代(dai)與古代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)特色的道(dao)觀，位(wei)于中岳(yue)(yue)山(shan)脈(mo)(mo)之首，上(shang)接天宇，地連(lian)龍脈(mo)(mo)。整座(zuo)龍王廟，呈龍形與道(dao)家(jia)八(ba)卦(gua)象位(wei)而建(jian)，廟中龍王、龍太子形像栩栩如生，威(wei)嚴逼真，是(shi)求(qiu)(qiu)神求(qiu)(qiu)財靈驗之道(dao)場(chang)。

交通指南

在(zai)登封市乘坐2路公交(jiao)車，在(zai)“中岳廟”站下車即到，2路公交(jiao)車也可以到嵩陽(yang)書院。