太(tai)原古縣城(cheng)位于(yu)太(tai)原市晉源區,始建于(yu)明洪武八年(公元1375年),占地面積約0.8平方公里。城(cheng)內歷(li)史建筑(zhu)遺存眾(zhong)多,十字街格局清晰,街巷肌理完善,沿襲了晉陽古城(cheng)“城(cheng)池鳳(feng)翔余”的(de)古老建筑(zhu)格局,猶(you)如一只頭北尾南的(de)鳳(feng)凰,自(zi)古就有(you)“鳳(feng)凰城(cheng)”的(de)美譽,是2500年晉陽古城(cheng)文(wen)脈(mo)的(de)延續。
太(tai)原(yuan)古縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)占地面(mian)積0.8平(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里,東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)約1120米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)寬(kuan)約670-740米(mi)。長(chang)墻(qiang)總長(chang)3732米(mi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)底座寬(kuan)13米(mi),上(shang)口外(wai)寬(kuan)9.28米(mi)、上(shang)口內(nei)寬(kuan)8米(mi)。外(wai)墻(qiang)高(gao)(gao)13米(mi),內(nei)墻(qiang)高(gao)(gao)12米(mi)。有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓4座,角樓4座,望(wang)樓37座,官翅(chi)敵樓1座,東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)上(shang)還有(you)八角魁星閣1座,由豆(dou)青色砂巖石條組成(cheng),內(nei)填夯土外(wai)包青磚,外(wai)圍有(you)護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河環(huan)繞,形成(cheng)了一(yi)個(ge)完備的(de)(de)軍事防(fang)御系統(tong)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)地勢西(xi)(xi)高(gao)(gao)東(dong)(dong)(dong)低,北(bei)高(gao)(gao)南(nan)低,天然落差(cha)13米(mi)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)角較(jiao)低洼地帶(dai)自(zi)然形成(cheng)了一(yi)個(ge)泉水湖泊---金牛湖。太(tai)原(yuan)古縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)設(she)四門(men)(men)---北(bei)門(men)(men)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)(men)、西(xi)(xi)門(men)(men)、南(nan)門(men)(men),北(bei)門(men)(men)外(wai)曰“奉宣(xuan)”、內(nei)曰“德化”,南(nan)門(men)(men)曰“進賢”,東(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)(men)曰“觀瀾”,西(xi)(xi)門(men)(men)曰“望(wang)翠”;四門(men)(men)門(men)(men)額反(fan)映的(de)(de)都是縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)山川(chuan)水秀,自(zi)然風光。
太(tai)原古(gu)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)十字(zi)(zi)街(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)古(gu)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)較為寬(kuan)敞的街(jie)(jie)道。東、西、南(nan)、北四條大街(jie)(jie)在(zai)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)中心相(xiang)交,東西長(chang)約1100多米,南(nan)北寬(kuan)約700米,有(you)院落173個、店鋪255家,涵蓋10種業態。南(nan)街(jie)(jie)以(yi)非(fei)遺文(wen)(wen)創、博物(wu)館、展館為主,北街(jie)(jie)主要是(shi)(shi)山(shan)西的特色小吃(chi),東街(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)廟、進士第、縣(xian)衙(ya)等歷史文(wen)(wen)化(hua)景點,西街(jie)(jie)則以(yi)休(xiu)閑、休(xiu)憩為主。整個十字(zi)(zi)街(jie)(jie),融匯了生活配(pei)套(tao)、非(fei)遺文(wen)(wen)創、餐飲美食、特色零售、酒(jiu)店民(min)宿等功能。2022年(nian)10月,太(tai)原古(gu)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)十字(zi)(zi)街(jie)(jie)入(ru)選山(shan)西省省級(ji)步(bu)行街(jie)(jie)。
太原縣(xian)衙衙門位于古縣(xian)城十字街東(dong)路北(bei),南(nan)向;占(zhan)地面積約35700平方(fang)米,縣(xian)衙是(shi)封建社會地方(fang)行(xing)政(zheng)長官形(xing)式(shi)職權(quan)場所,也是(shi)縣(xian)官及吏(li)員、差役辦理(li)公(gong)務之處,是(shi)地方(fang)權(quan)力的象征。始(shi)建于明初,其(qi)后歷任(ren)多有增修。
布(bu)政(zheng)分司位于縣(xian)(xian)城東(dong)街東(dong)端(duan)路北,南向;明初(chu),全(quan)國各行省改為承宣布(bu)政(zheng)使司、按察(cha)使司、都指揮使司,形成3個各行其(qi)職互不統屬的地方政(zheng)權機構,合(he)稱“三司”。布(bu)政(zheng)司以下(xia)設(she)府、州、縣(xian)(xian)建置,布(bu)政(zheng)分司,掌管太原(yuan)縣(xian)(xian)的民政(zheng)、財政(zheng)、和人(ren)事。其(qi)布(bu)局(ju)為重疊院落,有廳、堂(tang)、樓、閣等許多建筑。
玉帝(di)廟(miao),區級文物保護單位。坐北(bei)朝南,據說此廟(miao)建于明嘉靖至清(qing)道(dao)(dao)光年間,現(xian)存主體(ti)結構為清(qing)代建筑(zhu),是供奉(feng)玉皇大帝(di)的廟(miao)道(dao)(dao)教宇(yu)。如(ru)今的玉皇廟(miao)由東西兩組(zu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)組(zu)成(cheng)。東組(zu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)為進(jin)眾日(ri)常(chang)生(sheng)活(huo)區,包括(kuo)東花園、廚院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、道(dao)(dao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建筑(zhu)群。西組(zu)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)落(luo)為玉皇廟(miao)主院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。整個廟(miao)宇(yu)呈長方形,主院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)講究中軸對稱,一進(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)主要是修建的院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)子(zi),二(er)進(jin)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為廟(miao)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),主要有戲臺、地(di)藏殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、十二(er)辰殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、十三曜星殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、獻殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、玉皇殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、魯班(ban)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、藥(yao)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)等組(zu)成(cheng)。
太原縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城文廟位于縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城東街(jie)中段(duan)路北,南向;明朝修(xiu)(xiu)建(jian),此后歷(li)經增補修(xiu)(xiu)繕。文廟歷(li)來是(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)學(xue)所(suo)在,直(zhi)至清(qing)光緒末年廢(fei)除科舉后,縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)學(xue)才(cai)停(ting),此次修(xiu)(xiu)復也是(shi)在原有縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)地方(fang)志(zhi)等基礎上恢(hui)復了縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城文廟的原貌。保留了文廟里的歷(li)史建(jian)筑。
太原縣關帝廟,位于縣城北(bei)街中(zhong)段(duan)路(lu)西,東向(xiang)。創建于明嘉靖以前。這里供奉(feng)著以“忠、孝、節(jie)、義(yi)”著稱的武圣(sheng)關羽(yu)。抗日戰爭(zheng)初期,前院(yuan)正殿之南小院(yuan),曾是抗日統一戰線組(zu)織---山西省(sheng)救國同(tong)盟會太原縣分會會址。
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)位于(yu)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)古縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南街之東的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)街,左有奶奶廟(miao),右為梁公祠,其廟(miao)南向。在(zai)(zai)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)舊(jiu)日的(de)風俗中,把城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)神(shen)當做城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)守護神(shen),原(yuan)(yuan)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)里的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)占地規模較(jiao)大,約28000平方米(mi)。可見城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)爺在(zai)(zai)民(min)眾中有很高的(de)威望和信仰程度。據(ju)說太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)縣(xian)知(zhi)縣(xian)到(dao)(dao)任時,首先要(yao)到(dao)(dao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)祭供(gong)和夜宿,以得到(dao)(dao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)神(shen)的(de)護佑,然后(hou)才回縣(xian)衙辦公。每年春節一早,要(yao)到(dao)(dao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)廟(miao)去燒(shao)頭香。
東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)祠,市級文物保護單位,俗(su)稱東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)廟(miao)(miao),又名“泰(tai)山廟(miao)(miao)”,主要供奉(feng)“東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)泰(tai)山之(zhi)神”,歷代(dai)帝王多(duo)加以封號。東(dong)(dong)岳(yue)祠建于明初,有山門、樂樓、鐘鼓二(er)樓、正殿、東(dong)(dong)西(xi)廂房(fang),每年三月二(er)十(shi)八當地老百(bai)姓都會(hui)來這里祭祀。
西面院(yuan)供奉泰山奶奶,又稱“碧霞元(yuan)君”,傳(chuan)說(shuo)為東岳大帝的女兒,父女倆都居泰山,民間也親切的稱呼她為送子娘(niang)娘(niang)。
隆恩寺(si),又(you)(you)名西寺(si),隆恩寺(si)創(chuang)建(jian)于(yu)清道(dao)光(guang)之前,是一所佛教建(jian)筑。分為前后兩(liang)個院落。山(shan)門(men),是寺(si)院的正門(men)。一般寺(si)院都(dou)有三個門(men),所以又(you)(you)稱"三門(men)"。象征“三解脫門(men)”,即“空門(men)”、“無(wu)(wu)相門(men)”、“無(wu)(wu)作門(men)”。這(zhe)里的山(shan)門(men)有磚雕頭拱(gong)、仿瓦頂(ding)鋪(pu)設(she)、云形圖(tu)案裝(zhuang)飾頗具特色。前院內東建(jian)鐘(zhong)樓、西建(jian)鼓樓,講求的是晨鐘(zhong)暮鼓。
王(wang)瓊府位于縣城東(dong)街(jie)路南,東(dong)西寬約130米(mi),南北深約120米(mi)。占(zhan)地面積約15600平方(fang)米(mi)。王(wang)瓊是明代太(tai)原(yuan)縣人,歷任成(cheng)化、弘(hong)治(zhi)、正德、嘉靖4朝(chao),官(guan)職戶部、兵部、吏(li)部尚(shang)書,為明代“三重臣”之一。王(wang)瓊府宅由其父永亨(heng)、伯父永壽始建(jian),王(wang)瓊顯赫之后又擴建(jian)。該(gai)府宅系由主院和數座偏院以及花園組(zu)成(cheng),亭、臺(tai)、樓、閣、橋(qiao)、榭、假山、魚(yu)池(chi)、奇花異木應有盡有,縣城罕有其匹(pi)敵者(zhe)。嘉靖七年,皇帝御書“方(fang)岳重寄”匾(bian),賜送太(tai)原(yuan)縣王(wang)府懸掛。
記(ji)載魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)樓(lou)在(zai)城上(shang)東南隅(yu),六角形,崇(chong)三丈,此次重(zhong)修(xiu)也是(shi)恢復魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)樓(lou)原始建(jian)筑面貌,登樓(lou)奪(duo)魁(kui)(kui)(kui),《漢書》記(ji)載:魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)古代神話傳說中的(de)“神”,主宰文運。魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)樓(lou)是(shi)古代村莊里供奉魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)圣地,讀書人(ren)在(zai)魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)樓(lou)拜魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)。所謂“魁(kui)(kui)(kui)星(xing)(xing)(xing)點狀元”,就是(shi)如此。
基(ji)(ji)督(du)教(jiao)堂是(shi)基(ji)(ji)督(du)教(jiao)徒集會以及宣揚教(jiao)義的地(di)方,據載,也被稱為(wei)太(tai)原(yuan)縣福音堂,民國(guo)二(er)年(nian)(1913)由挪威教(jiao)士達亞拿成立福音堂。民國(guo)九(jiu)年(nian)(1919),牧(mu)師聶爾德(de)與信徒葛(ge)秉(bing)祿、郝(hao)鳳鳴在(zai)古城(cheng)租房(fang)三(san)(san)間建立恩神召會典福音堂。由于信教(jiao)者逐(zhu)漸增(zeng)多,便在(zai)縣城(cheng)南(nan)街朱家巷購置房(fang)產(chan)一(yi)所,空地(di)三(san)(san)二(er)八(ba)畝,修建房(fang)屋三(san)(san)十二(er)間分前、中、后三(san)(san)院,西洋(yang)式風格。
金牛(niu)湖公園位于(yu)太原縣城東南(nan)角(jiao),公園用地面(mian)積約(yue)48000平(ping)方(fang)米。景觀(guan)包括公園綠化(hua)、景觀(guan)橋梁、園路場地鋪裝及配套(tao)工(gong)程等,金牛(niu)湖公園景觀(guan)有:仿古建(jian)筑、掬月小院區、輕舟泊影區、金牛(niu)博(bo)物館(guan)區、金牛(niu)泉區、等眾仿古建(jian)筑群(qun),以(yi)及相關牌樓、亭(ting)、廊、軒、橋等單體建(jian)筑,建(jian)筑風(feng)貌具有明清風(feng)格,優(you)雅別致(zhi),為市民(min)營(ying)造(zao)愉悅身心的(de)好去(qu)處。
免費(fei)入城:太(tai)原(yuan)古縣城景區實行雙免政(zheng)策(ce),免費(fei)入城,注冊會員免預(yu)約(yue)。
太(tai)原古縣城緊鄰新晉祠(ci)路,距(ju)離(li)古城營高(gao)速(su)口(kou)4.6公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,羅城高(gao)速(su)口(kou)5.3公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,晉祠(ci)高(gao)速(su)口(kou)6公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,機(ji)場20公(gong)(gong)(gong)里,高(gao)鐵(tie)南(nan)站22公(gong)(gong)(gong)里。擁有停車位約6000個(ge),交通(tong)便利。
太(tai)原公交(jiao)(jiao)856、804、905、301、317、79、908、311、318、804支等公交(jiao)(jiao)經(jing)過新(xin)晉(jin)祠(ci)路在晉(jin)源(yuan)站下(xia)車可直達太(tai)原古縣城(cheng)。
從各(ge)交通樞紐出發可乘坐(zuo)的公交線(xian)路(lu):
太原火車(che)站:乘坐856路或(huo)804路在晉源站下(xia)車(che)。
太(tai)原南站:乘坐79路在晉源站下車。
下元公交樞紐:乘坐905路在晉源(yuan)站下車。
太原(yuan)汽車(che)客運西(xi)站:乘坐(zuo)72路(lu)在南中(zhong)環新晉祠路(lu)口(kou)站換乘905路(lu)、856路(lu)或804路(lu)在晉源站下車(che)。
太原古縣城(cheng)位(wei)于太原市晉(jin)源區,是全國(guo)唯一坐落在省會(hui)城(cheng)市中心區半小(xiao)時生(sheng)活圈內的古城(cheng)類文化(hua)旅游項目,與晉(jin)祠(ci)、天龍山、龍山、蒙山、晉(jin)陽湖等(deng)景區連成一片,形(xing)成一個(ge)晉(jin)陽文化(hua)旅游系列,同時,發展具有(you)休閑觀賞、民俗風情、游客參與等(deng)于一體的綜合性(xing)文化(hua)旅游。
公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)497年,晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國公(gong)(gong)(gong)卿趙(zhao)(zhao)簡子的家臣董(dong)安于在(zai)西依懸甕山、東臨汾河地帶據險筑城(cheng),因在(zai)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)水之(zhi)陽,取名晉(jin)(jin)(jin)陽,為(wei)(wei)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)陽建城(cheng)之(zhi)始。公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)453年,趙(zhao)(zhao)、韓、魏三(san)家分(fen)晉(jin)(jin)(jin),"春秋(qiu)五霸"之(zhi)一晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國解體,晉(jin)(jin)(jin)陽成為(wei)(wei)"戰國七雄"之(zhi)一趙(zhao)(zhao)國的都城(cheng),山西始有(you)"三(san)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)"之(zhi)稱。
據(ju)《晉(jin)陽古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)勘察(cha)記》載,1961年(nian)考古(gu)(gu)(gu)工(gong)作(zuo)者在太原市南的(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)營(ying)村,發(fa)現了春秋晚期董安于所筑的(de)晉(jin)陽古(gu)(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)遺址。當時(shi)所存的(de)晉(jin)陽城(cheng)(cheng)南城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)殘(can)長626米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬30米(mi)(mi)(mi);西城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)殘(can)長2700米(mi)(mi)(mi),其中有900米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)出地(di)面約7米(mi)(mi)(mi)。從(cong)連接現存于地(di)上和地(di)下的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)垣遺跡來看(kan),此城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)南北長度估計可達4500米(mi)(mi)(mi)左右。經過二(er)千五百(bai)年(nian)的(de)風(feng)風(feng)雨雨,仍能保存如(ru)此“完整”,可見當年(nian)的(de)晉(jin)陽城(cheng)(cheng)絕對是大邑。
太原(yuan)古縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)作(zuo)為古晉(jin)陽城(cheng)的(de)文(wen)脈延續,蘊(yun)藏著深厚的(de)歷史積淀。從(cong)古到(dao)今(jin)(jin),各(ge)種文(wen)化在這里碰撞(zhuang)交(jiao)融,并被傳承下(xia)來。如今(jin)(jin)城(cheng)內遺留的(de)文(wen)廟(miao)、縣(xian)(xian)衙、關帝廟(miao)、以及隨(sui)處(chu)可見的(de)歷史民居建筑等無不彰顯這座古城(cheng)曾經的(de)輝(hui)煌。而趙氏與鳳(feng)凰落晉(jin)陽的(de)故事也(ye)就這樣(yang)被流傳。
宋太(tai)(tai)平(ping)興國四年(979),宋太(tai)(tai)宗趙光義下令焚毀晉(jin)(jin)陽城,在(zai)晉(jin)(jin)陽故城北(bei),今太(tai)(tai)原市小店區(qu)一帶,新(xin)筑了平(ping)晉(jin)(jin)縣城,后又選擇在(zai)東北(bei)方向十余公里的(de)唐明(ming)鎮(zhen),今太(tai)(tai)原老城區(qu),修筑城墻,興建了太(tai)(tai)原府(fu)城。
明朝(chao)(chao)初年,平晉(jin)縣城(cheng)被洪水淹溢,山西(xi)巡撫和太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)知(zhi)府上(shang)報朝(chao)(chao)廷,請求朝(chao)(chao)廷重建。經核準后,公元1375年,開(kai)始在汾河以(yi)西(xi)晉(jin)陽古城(cheng)遺址上(shang)的南關(guan)(guan)村,建立太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)縣城(cheng)。明清兩朝(chao)(chao),太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府城(cheng)和太(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)縣城(cheng)并(bing)存(cun),具有(you)隸屬關(guan)(guan)系。
明太(tai)原(yuan)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),東門(men)(men)曰(yue)觀瀾,西(xi)門(men)(men)曰(yue)望(wang)翠,北(bei)門(men)(men)曰(yue)奉(feng)宣,南(nan)門(men)(men)曰(yue)進賢(xian),其(qi)中(zhong)北(bei)門(men)(men)朝東開,東西(xi)甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)都朝南(nan)開,南(nan)門(men)(men)正(zheng)南(nan),恰(qia)似(si)展翅高(gao)飛的鳳(feng)(feng)凰(huang)在空中(zhong)翱翔,北(bei)甕(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)有(you)兩口水井(jing)、恰(qia)似(si)鳳(feng)(feng)凰(huang)的一(yi)雙眼(yan)睛,南(nan)門(men)(men)正(zheng)對關外的寶華閣,恰(qia)似(si)鳳(feng)(feng)凰(huang)的尾羽高(gao)高(gao)翹起,古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)的十字(zi)街(jie),恰(qia)似(si)鳳(feng)(feng)凰(huang)的腹部高(gao)高(gao)隆起,時人美其(qi)稱為好漢坡、鳳(feng)(feng)凰(huang)腹,故(gu)曰(yue)鳳(feng)(feng)凰(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),內(nei)有(you)九(jiu)街(jie)十八巷(xiang),設(she)四門(men)(men),其(qi)中(zhong)四周城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堵51堵,敵臺(tai)32座,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)三丈(zhang),壕(hao)深一(yi)丈(zhang),周長為3.8公(gong)里(li),不及晉陽古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)二十分(fen)之一(yi)。
“鳳凰城(cheng)”因其獨特(te)的(de)造型,不(bu)規則的(de)城(cheng)垣,曲線形(xing)成的(de)街型,高低錯(cuo)落的(de)建(jian)筑,而有活城(cheng)之說;每臨(lin)集市、廟會,遠離縣城(cheng)五(wu)里之外(wai),都能聽到里面(mian)的(de)叫賣(mai)聲。
明太原(yuan)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)歷史(shi)悠久(jiu),人杰地靈,在明清兩朝(chao)既有太原(yuan)府城(cheng),又有太原(yuan)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng),但行政(zheng)級別不同,具有隸屬關系。太原(yuan)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)內(nei)外共有大小寺廟、樓閣、祠(ci)(ci)堂50余處,如(ru):劉王祠(ci)(ci)、尹公(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、關王祠(ci)(ci)、崇圣祠(ci)(ci)、節孝祠(ci)(ci)、洪侯祠(ci)(ci)、梁公(gong)祠(ci)(ci)、趙襄子祠(ci)(ci)等(deng),這些(xie)祠(ci)(ci)堂的存在與形成都是對(dui)古晉陽歷史(shi)文化傳(chuan)承(cheng)有力(li)的佐證。
明正(zheng)德七年(1512),太(tai)原(yuan)縣河東(dong)柳林(lin)人(ren)(今(jin)太(tai)原(yuan)市(shi)小店區(qu)劉家(jia)堡(bao)鄉人(ren))王(wang)瓊,時任(ren)戶(hu)部(bu)右侍郎兼左(zuo)僉都御(yu)史,因母(mu)喪回(hui)鄉丁憂。王(wang)瓊作為京官,十(shi)分關心家(jia)鄉建設(she)發展。他(ta)主動幫助(zhu)太(tai)原(yuan)縣知縣白晟、梅寧(ning)(ning),新(xin)建了(le)四座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門樓、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻上四個角樓,修繕了(le)殘損的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻,增強了(le)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)防御(yu)功(gong)能,崇墉壯麗甲縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。明正(zheng)德十(shi)四年(1519),王(wang)瓊擢升少師、太(tai)子太(tai)師、兵部(bu)尚書。當時邊(bian)境(jing)地區(qu)很(hen)不安寧(ning)(ning),瓦(wa)(wa)剌(la)又有(you)犯境(jing)之虞,他(ta)倡議太(tai)原(yuan)知縣吳方(fang),增高(gao)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻5尺,在夯土(tu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻頂部(bu),用磚砌起(qi)高(gao)6尺的垛(duo)口。明嘉靖十(shi)九(jiu)年(1540)、二(er)十(shi)一年(1542),瓦(wa)(wa)剌(la)軍兩次突襲太(tai)原(yuan)縣,劫掠富戶(hu)財(cai)物(wu)北去(qu)。瓦(wa)(wa)剌(la)軍雖未攻擊(ji)縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),但山西各府、縣極(ji)為震驚,外患已到家(jia)門口了(le)。
明(ming)(ming)嘉靖二(er)十一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1542),曾任(ren)浙江按察(cha)副使的(de)高(gao)汝行,去(qu)職還鄉(xiang)(xiang)。他與(yu)王瓊長(chang)子王朝(chao)立等士(shi)紳(shen),帶頭捐資(zi)輸款,與(yu)時任(ren)知(zhi)縣(xian)合作,對縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)進行了(le)增(zeng)補和加固,并在(zai)(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)38處(chu)馬(ma)(ma)面(mian)上,新(xin)筑(zhu)敵臺32座。明(ming)(ming)隆慶二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1568),知(zhi)縣(xian)王世(shi)業(ye)又組(zu)織(zhi)人力,對里城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)增(zeng)寬(kuan)(kuan)1丈、高(gao)3丈5尺,雖未砌(qi)(qi)(qi)磚(zhuan),但夯墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)堅實。明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1590),知(zhi)縣(xian)陳增(zeng)美用(yong)(yong)條(tiao)(tiao)石筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)基、四座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門洞內側及距地面(mian)3尺余(yu)的(de)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體,進行砌(qi)(qi)(qi)護(hu)加固。條(tiao)(tiao)石來(lai)自大井(jing)峪石料(liao)廠,系僧(seng)人妙(miao)峰(feng)化緣籌資(zi),擬(ni)在(zai)(zai)(zai)汾河(he)上建一座石橋(qiao),了(le)卻自己一樁心愿。當鑿好的(de)條(tiao)(tiao)石堆放得和山一樣高(gao)的(de)時候(hou),妙(miao)峰(feng)和尚去(qu)世(shi)了(le),知(zhi)縣(xian)方將筑(zhu)橋(qiao)的(de)石料(liao),用(yong)(yong)于縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)防工程。除此之外,環城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)筑(zhu)女墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),也稱(cheng)羊馬(ma)(ma)垣(yuan)或(huo)羊馬(ma)(ma)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)外,開挖深(shen)3丈、闊10丈的(de)護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壕,在(zai)(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壕內側廣植柳樹,起到注水后護(hu)堤及美化環境的(de)作用(yong)(yong)。明(ming)(ming)崇禎年(nian)(nian)(nian)間,知(zhi)縣(xian)朱萬(wan)欽與(yu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)紳(shen)李中馥等,組(zu)織(zhi)動員本邑人士(shi)捐款集資(zi),燒制(zhi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)磚(zhuan),并用(yong)(yong)磚(zhuan)砌(qi)(qi)(qi)護(hu)了(le)東、西(xi)、北三(san)面(mian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)和城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堵(du),剩下南城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)未包(bao)磚(zhuan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堵(du),為城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)凸出部門,因(yin)其形狀像馬(ma)(ma)長(chang)而寬(kuan)(kuan)的(de)面(mian)部,俗稱(cheng)馬(ma)(ma)面(mian)。明(ming)(ming)太原縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設,因(yin)政(zheng)治因(yin)素、經濟(ji)因(yin)素、軍事因(yin)素等,斷斷續續持(chi)續了(le)200多年(nian)(nian)(nian),與(yu)明(ming)(ming)王朝(chao)共始終。
后因戰亂等原因,明(ming)太原縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)垣人(ren)為損毀殆盡(jin),僅存(cun)北城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)洞(dong)及(ji)其(qi)甕城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)洞(dong)和甕城(cheng)(cheng)東殘垣一(yi)段,遺存(cun)西城(cheng)(cheng)門(men)洞(dong)及(ji)其(qi)南北兩翼(yi)一(yi)段殘垣,遺留西北隅(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)墻殘垣和南門(men)洞(dong)西側的(de)一(yi)截殘垣等。
明朝滅亡后(hou),清順治(zhi)年(nian)知(zhi)縣(xian)郜煥元,籌(chou)集資金(jin)、組織人(ren)力,對南(nan)(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣及城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)堵用磚進(jin)行了(le)(le)砌護。清朝康熙十(shi)七年(nian)(1678)至乾隆(long)二十(shi)九年(nian)(1764),先后(hou)對西(xi)、北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻損(sun)壞(huai)段進(jin)行修(xiu)繕,對護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壕疏浚并植柳。清道光(guang)《太原縣(xian)志》記載:“乾隆(long)三十(shi)三年(nian)(1768)七月(yue)初三日(ri)夜,大(da)雨(yu)如(ru)注,風峪(yu)水(shui)暴發,浪高數丈(zhang),怒吼如(ru)雷,西(xi)郊(jiao)尹公祠、戲樓(lou)(lou)逐波傾(qing)圯(yi),居民廬舍為之一空(kong),壞(huai)西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)四十(shi)余丈(zhang)。越明年(nian),知(zhi)縣(xian)江二儀始為補(bu)葺(qi),七月(yue)而工乃(nai)竣(jun)。”從清同(tong)治(zhi)七年(nian)(1868)三月(yue)至光(guang)緒元年(nian)(1875)四月(yue),縣(xian)署先后(hou)組織重(zhong)修(xiu)垛(duo)墻854丈(zhang)、高4尺(chi)5寸,補(bu)筑了(le)(le)東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)馬(ma)道91丈(zhang)、西(xi)南(nan)(nan)馬(ma)道87丈(zhang)、北馬(ma)道32丈(zhang)、東(dong)(dong)馬(ma)道70丈(zhang)、南(nan)(nan)馬(ma)道120丈(zhang);重(zhong)修(xiu)了(le)(le)北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻外(wai)(wai)墻長(chang)31丈(zhang)、高3丈(zhang)1尺(chi),并全部(bu)包磚砌護;補(bu)碹了(le)(le)東(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)石硂(quan)一層、補(bu)修(xiu)了(le)(le)四個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)扉16頁,并全部(bu)用鐵皮包門(men);又(you)補(bu)修(xiu)了(le)(le)四周(zhou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻外(wai)(wai)損(sun)毀(hui)的基礎共(gong)20丈(zhang);重(zhong)建了(le)(le)四個(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)角角樓(lou)(lou)共(gong)24間(jian)、高1丈(zhang)5尺(chi)、深1丈(zhang)7尺(chi)、闊28丈(zhang)8尺(chi);補(bu)修(xiu)了(le)(le)4座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)、殘損(sun)的外(wai)(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻,古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雄姿(zi)依舊。
太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)老城區被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)為太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府城,晉(jin)源(yuan)(yuan)鎮則被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)為太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)縣(xian)城。民國時期,沿用了(le)1200多年的太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)府被(bei)(bei)撤(che)銷,繼而(er)產生了(le)太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)市(shi)這一(yi)名(ming)稱(cheng),然而(er)太原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)縣(xian)改名(ming)為晉(jin)源(yuan)(yuan)縣(xian),取意“晉(jin)水之(zhi)源(yuan)(yuan)”。
太原(yuan)(yuan)古縣城(cheng)修(xiu)復保(bao)護工程(cheng)于2013年開工,由太原(yuan)(yuan)市政府啟動修(xiu)復,太原(yuan)(yuan)市龍(long)城(cheng)發(fa)展投資集團(tuan)有限公(gong)司投資興(xing)建,建筑(zhu)面積36萬平方米。距市中心20公(gong)里。
2020年(nian)已基本完(wan)工。游(you)客進(jin)入修葺后的(de)景區,就能領略到明清(qing)時期(qi)太(tai)原(yuan)縣(xian)城的(de)歷(li)史(shi)風貌。順著城墻、歷(li)史(shi)遺存、掛(gua)牌歷(li)史(shi)民居、護(hu)城河、金牛湖等景觀游(you)覽一(yi)番,更能夠感受這座古老縣(xian)城悠久而深厚的(de)歷(li)史(shi)文化。
2021年(nian)5月1日,始建(jian)于1375年(nian)的(de)明代太(tai)原古縣城歷(li)經(jing)八(ba)年(nian)修復后正式(shi)開(kai)放,“鳳凰(huang)城”開(kai)城迎客。
太(tai)原縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為鳳(feng)凰城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規劃設計理念(nian),寓(yu)(yu)意像(xiang)一(yi)只展(zhan)翅高(gao)飛的鳳(feng)凰,東(dong)(dong)(dong)、西(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)為鳳(feng)之雙翼(yi);南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)為鳳(feng)尾,北門(men)(men)(men)(men)及甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),為鳳(feng)凰的頸和鳳(feng)首(shou),甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)有兩眼水井,為鳳(feng)之雙目。鳳(feng)凰頸北首(shou)東(dong)(dong)(dong),意寓(yu)(yu)丹(dan)鳳(feng)朝陽(yang),吉祥如意。縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內規劃了9街18巷,主要道(dao)路有東(dong)(dong)(dong)、西(xi)、南(nan)、北4條(tiao)大(da)街,為中(zhong)國(guo)傳(chuan)統的棋盤式道(dao)路格局。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)央十字街高(gao)高(gao)隆起,以為鳳(feng)凰胸部,因推車載物過十字街吃力(li),當(dang)地人(ren)(ren)稱“好漢坡”。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)開四門(men)(men)(men)(men):東(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)(men)(men)(men)曰(yue)“觀瀾(lan)”,甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)青石匾(bian)額(e)(e)“東(dong)(dong)(dong)汾聚(ju)秀”;西(xi)門(men)(men)(men)(men)曰(yue)“望翠”,甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)青石匾(bian)額(e)(e)“西(xi)兌金湯”;南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)(men)曰(yue)“進賢”,甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)外(wai)青石匾(bian)額(e)(e)“桐封晉(jin)陽(yang)”;北門(men)(men)(men)(men)曰(yue)“奉宣”,甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)外(wai)青石匾(bian)額(e)(e)“古原屏(ping)翰”。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)之上有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)4座,北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)供(gong)奉“伏魔大(da)帝”關(guan)羽,坐鎮(zhen)北方(fang)之神位,保一(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之平安;東(dong)(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)供(gong)奉文昌帝君,期盼(pan)文化發達、科舉考(kao)試(shi)人(ren)(ren)才輩(bei)出;西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)供(gong)奉財神,希(xi)冀縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)繁榮(rong)、百姓富裕;南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)供(gong)奉藥王,保佑(you)人(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)健康平安。各類(lei)功(gong)能建筑(zhu),滲透著(zhu)古人(ren)(ren)期盼(pan)幸福的美好愿景。為上下城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)行走和城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)防拉運軍需便利,在四個城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)(men)(men)內側,修筑(zhu)了斜坡馬道(dao),使(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池功(gong)能逐步完善。
2011年,被評為國家歷(li)史文(wen)化街(jie)區;
2021年(nian),被評為山西省(sheng)省(sheng)級旅游休閑街區;
2022年(nian),入(ru)選山西(xi)首批(pi)省級夜(ye)間(jian)文化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)旅游消(xiao)費(fei)集聚(ju)區、國家級夜(ye)間(jian)文化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)旅游消(xiao)費(fei)集聚(ju)區、太原古縣(xian)城十字街(jie)入(ru)選山西(xi)省省級步行街(jie)、山西(xi)省級夜(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)生活集聚(ju)區。