鉛酸蓄電池的特點

當鉛酸蓄電池的容量放出70%以上(shang)時就應及(ji)時對其進行充電(dian)。并且按如下三階(jie)段(duan)進行：第(di)(di)一階(jie)段(duan)為(wei)(wei)恒(heng)流充電(dian)，第(di)(di)二(er)階(jie)段(duan)為(wei)(wei)恒(heng)壓(ya)充電(dian)，第(di)(di)三：階(jie)段(duan)為(wei)(wei)滑流電(dian)。否則，會嚴重影(ying)響莆電(dian)池(chi)的使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命門(men)前廣泛用(yong)(yong)于鉛酸(suan)電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)器的UC3842集(ji)成電路可直接驅動(dong)MOS開關(guan)管，在穩定(ding)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)同時，具有負載電(dian)(dian)流控制(zhi)能(neng)(neng)力(li)（稱其為電(dian)(dian)流控制(zhi)型開關(guan)電(dian)(dian)源驅動(dong)器）。無疑具有獨特(te)的(de)(de)優勢(shi)：只要(yao)用極(ji)少的(de)(de)外(wai)圍元(yuan)件即可(ke)實現恒壓輸(shu)出(chu)和控制(zhi)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。使充電(dian)(dian)器能(neng)(neng)夠按照鉛酸(suan)莆電(dian)(dian)池性(xing)能(neng)(neng)要(yao)求，達到接步(bu)驟地實現智能(neng)(neng)充電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。

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鉛酸(suan)蓄電池充電器參(can)數解讀

電動車鉛酸蓄電池組充電時，有幾個關鍵參數：最高充電電壓、浮充電壓、浮充轉換電流、最大充電電流。它們應該是多少？如何制定？其中最主要的是最高充電電壓，多少為好？與析氣量、充入電容量和環境溫度又是什么關系？對此眾說不一，各電池生產廠家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)要求也不(bu)一(yi)樣(yang)。最高(gao)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值相(xiang)對(dui)誤(wu)差范(fan)圍是多(duo)少(shao)？我(wo)們(men)不(bu)能脫離實際的(de)(de)(de)工作對(dui)象，盲目制定出超常規(gui)的(de)(de)(de)精(jing)度(du)要求。我(wo)們(men)接到(dao)某電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車售后服務部通知：充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器比規(gui)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)0.1V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池因此(ci)熱(re)失控(kong)而充脹(zhang)了；也接到(dao)通知說：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比規(gui)定定低0.1V，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池欠充，提前報(bao)廢。一(yi)個千分之幾的(de)(de)(de)誤(wu)差造成如此(ci)嚴重后果，真是失之毫厘(li)，謬之千里之外，鉛酸蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池果真有這么神秘嗎？為了解開困擾電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)這個謎團，做(zuo)如下實驗。

用(yong)一(yi)個水槽盛滿水，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放在水中，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池上(shang)方有(you)一(yi)個收集氣體用(yong)的(de)倒扣的(de)漏斗(dou)，漏斗(dou)頂端裝有(you)可以計量(liang)氣體容量(liang)的(de)注射(she)針筒。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)可調穩壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，用(yong)兩只四位半數字(zi)萬用(yong)表測量(liang)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。

試驗(yan)時(shi)間(jian)是(shi)在冬季(ji)，水(shui)溫5℃。實驗(yan)條件(jian)是(shi)統一用(yong)2A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，最(zui)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)分(fen)別用(yong)43V、44V、45V輪循環依次進行，浮(fu)充轉換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流一律(lv)400mA，記錄下(xia)(xia)每次的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)，包括充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末期隨時(shi)間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)各點數據、開始析氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，按時(shi)間(jian)記錄析氣量(liang)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充完后，用(yong)萬分(fen)之幾精度的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)臺記錄放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)。充入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)是(shi)在計(ji)算紙上(shang)讀(du)出時(shi)間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流曲線與坐標之間(jian)的(de)(de)面積(ji)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)量(liang)就是(shi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流對時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)定(ding)積(ji)分(fen)）。

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備注：該(gai)電(dian)池組30℃時，放電(dian)容量為(wei)10Ah。

得到(dao)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗數據(ju)后，最(zui)感(gan)到(dao)驚異的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)：充(chong)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)少(shao)幾乎與(yu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)無關。很(hen)多(duo)人認為充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)會(hui)充(chong)不滿，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)會(hui)提前鹽化(hua)報(bao)廢，特別是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在冬(dong)季(ji)氣溫(wen)較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)。而這(zhe)次(ci)試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗正好是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在冬(dong)季(ji)，水溫(wen)只有(you)5℃，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)44V，上(shang)下偏差(cha)1V，相對(dui)誤(wu)差(cha)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)2.3%。在用43V和(he)45V充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下，充(chong)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量和(he)放出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量相差(cha)無幾，與(yu)大(da)家公(gong)認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)看(kan)法大(da)相徑庭，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同一(yi)組電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)條件(jian)，輪番做同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)，實(shi)驗數據(ju)重復同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規律，可排除偶(ou)然因素干擾，試(shi)(shi)(shi)驗數據(ju)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)準確(que)可信的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原理(li)上(shang)看(kan)，只要(yao)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，都會(hui)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，一(yi)直到(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)轉換完成。充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)最(zui)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開始由恒流區轉變到(dao)恒壓(ya)區，這(zhe)種轉變是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自(zi)身(shen)充(chong)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量多(duo)少(shao)、活性(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)反應(ying)了多(duo)少(shao)決定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)低(di)，僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)能進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)，只要(yao)高(gao)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)開路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)就會(hui)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，多(duo)少(shao)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)能參(can)與(yu)反應(ying)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自(zi)身(shen)決定。從這(zhe)個思路理(li)解，就不難(nan)得出(chu)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高(gao)低(di)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容量沒有(you)多(duo)大(da)影響。

電(dian)(dian)池在42.5V～43.5V時開(kai)始析(xi)(xi)(xi)氣，而析(xi)(xi)(xi)氣的(de)速(su)度與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)有關。到充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)結束(shu)時，總(zong)析(xi)(xi)(xi)氣量與充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)有關，43V與45V總(zong)析(xi)(xi)(xi)氣量相差10位（注：以單格允(yun)許極限失水(shui)10克(ke)，18格相當240公升氣體，該電(dian)(dian)池45V時失水(shui)并(bing)不大(da)）。 在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)末期電(dian)(dian)流下降(jiang)區時，只要降(jiang)低(di)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)到42.5V時，析(xi)(xi)(xi)氣立即停(ting)止，這時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流稍小一(yi)點，還會依著(zhu)原(yuan)來的(de)規律下降(jiang)。

這(zhe)里(li)對(dui)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)討論一下(xia)。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)長期處于(yu)(yu)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)狀態下(xia)的(de)(de)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)，如后備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源上用的(de)(de)等，對(dui)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)要求是(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)。據國處文(wen)獻(xian)，浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)有-0.2%溫度系數，浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)偏差太大(da)會造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)鹽化。而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車用的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)屬循環使用，不是(shi)(shi)處于(yu)(yu)這(zhe)種(zhong)狀態，不應該用套(tao)用浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)狀態使用的(de)(de)條(tiao)件，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器設定浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)免于(yu)(yu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末期大(da)量析氣失水，只要把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)到析氣點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)以(yi)(yi)下(xia)，但也不能低于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)而(er)停(ting)止(zhi)向電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。前面(mian)說過，在(zai)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)走勢基(ji)本還是(shi)(shi)依著原曲線下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，一般還補足(zu)5%的(de)(de)容量。所以(yi)(yi)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)應在(zai)的(de)(de)范(fan)圍是(shi)(shi)低于(yu)(yu)析氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)（42.5V），高于(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)足(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)(yi)后的(de)(de)開路端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)（約40V）。

浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)轉換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，只(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)過(guo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)選擇(ze)在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)末期(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)活性物質反應接近尾聲，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)自動下降到某一(yi)(yi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，切換(huan)浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)記號，不(bu)少(shao)人(ren)(ren)以(yi)為浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)高(gao)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)不(bu)滿(man)是(shi)(shi)(shi)概念不(bu)清，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)只(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)高(gao)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，都會對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，只(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)過(guo)有(you)(you)用戶看(kan)到指(zhi)示燈(deng)紅轉綠后提前(qian)去用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，這種情況是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)多的(de)，一(yi)(yi)般都是(shi)(shi)(shi)夜間充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，到早晨綠燈(deng)已(yi)亮了多時(shi)。有(you)(you)的(de)廠家使用說明書(shu)上(shang)提醒用戶，在(zai)轉綠燈(deng)后繼續(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)2小時(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)好(hao)很(hen)正(zheng)確的(de)。所以(yi)沒有(you)(you)必要(yao)刻意去追求浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)轉換(huan)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)高(gao)低(di)，一(yi)(yi)般新(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)末期(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)約(yue)為50mA，失(shi)(shi)水以(yi)后，酸比(bi)增(zeng)高(gao)，那(nei)時(shi)可達500 mA以(yi)上(shang)。從(cong)析(xi)(xi)氣速率與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)關(guan)系(xi)上(shang)來看(kan)（上(shang)圖），早點(dian)(dian)(dian)脫離析(xi)(xi)氣區為好(hao)，一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面，一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面可以(yi)減少(shao)析(xi)(xi)氣量，另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)用了一(yi)(yi)段時(shi)間，末期(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增(zeng)高(gao)，但(dan)還能低(di)于我們(men)設定的(de)轉換(huan)點(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，否則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)一(yi)(yi)直在(zai)最高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)下，大量失(shi)(shi)水，引發(fa)熱控(kong)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)脹充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。有(you)(you)人(ren)(ren)固執地強調(diao)，浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)轉換(huan)點(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會欠充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，前(qian)面已(yi)討論過(guo)，切換(huan)到浮(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)后，不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)停止(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了，還會繼續(xu)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)，轉換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)適當高(gao)一(yi)(yi)點(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)(you)利于避免過(guo)分失(shi)(shi)水和熱失(shi)(shi)控(kong)。

至于(yu)(yu)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的大小設定，先看一下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池制造廠家(jia)對10Ah（12Ah）吸(xi)附式(shi)小型密封(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池對充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)的技術要(yao)求，通常規定充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)速率不要(yao)大于(yu)(yu)0.3C，相當(dang)于(yu)(yu)4A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，而(er)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在2A左右(you)，遠(yuan)離極(ji)限充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)在一定范圍內大一點、小一點，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間長一點、短一點，沒有很(hen)高的要(yao)求，有10%的誤(wu)差就(jiu)行了，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)取(qu)樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻精度是5%，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的精度不會高于(yu)(yu)此(ci)。

總而(er)言之，不(bu)管哪(na)家(jia)生產的(de)鉛酸(suan)閥控吸附式小(xiao)密封電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，其基本結構是(shi)完全一(yi)樣的(de)，僅極板(ban)、框架(jia)、滲入(ru)的(de)微量元素(su)、漿料配(pei)方、硫酸(suan)濃(nong)度(du)等有此微小(xiao)差異，而(er)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學方面(mian)都是(shi)一(yi)樣的(de)，也就是(shi)說(shuo)它們單體的(de)端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流密度(du)（動力型）、開始析(xi)氣(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)點等，不(bu)會有顯著(zhu)的(de)差異。一(yi)個按照前面(mian)所討論的(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，可適應所有品牌的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池，不(bu)存在匹配(pei)問(wen)題。

鉛酸蓄電池充電器認(ren)識誤區

1、最(zui)高充(chong)電電壓與充(chong)入電量關(guan)系不大。

2、浮充電(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)充入電(dian)量沒(mei)關系(xi)，只要高于電(dian)池最大開路端電(dian)壓(ya)，低于開始析氣點電(dian)壓(ya)就(jiu)行了。

3、浮(fu)充(chong)轉換電流，僅是切換最高充(chong)電電壓到(dao)浮(fu)充(chong)電壓的設定(ding)點，不宜過小(xiao)或過大，與充(chong)電量也沒關系(xi)。

4、充電電流只要不超過0.3C(對10Ah相應為4A)都是允許的，不必要嚴(yan)格要求。

所以，對于(yu)36V閥控(kong)式(shi)吸附式(shi)小密封電池組充電參數推薦(jian)如下：

最高電(dian)壓：43.5V～44.8V

浮(fu)充轉換電流(liu)：300mA～500Ma

浮充電(dian)壓：41V～42V

充電電流：2A±20%

以上是對電動車鉛酸蓄(xu)電池(chi)充(chong)電中一些認識誤區進行(xing)的試(shi)驗和分析(xi)，通過(guo)以(yi)上的試(shi)驗和分析(xi)能使廣大(da)消費者知(zhi)道鉛酸蓄(xu)電池(chi)充(chong)電中應注意的一些問題(ti)，以(yi)更好(hao)地正確使用(yong)充(chong)電器。