一、機油泵常用的形式有哪兩種
汽車(che)機(ji)油泵按照(zhao)結構(gou)形式不同,分(fen)為兩(liang)大(da)類(lei)型,分(fen)別是:
1、嚙合齒輪式機油泵
齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)式機(ji)油泵由主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)、主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)、從動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)、從動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)、殼體等組成。兩(liang)個齒(chi)數相(xiang)(xiang)同的(de)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)相(xiang)(xiang)互嚙合,裝在(zai)殼體內(nei),齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)與(yu)殼體的(de)徑向和端面間隙很小。主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)鍵連接,從動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)空套在(zai)從動(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)。
工作(zuo)時,主(zhu)動齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)帶動從(cong)動齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)反向旋轉。兩齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)旋轉時,充(chong)滿在(zai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)槽(cao)間(jian)的機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)沿油(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)殼壁由進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔帶到出(chu)油(you)(you)(you)腔,在(zai)進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔一側由于(yu)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)脫開嚙(nie)合(he)以及機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)被不斷帶出(chu)而(er)產生(sheng)真空,使油(you)(you)(you)底殼內的機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)在(zai)大氣壓(ya)力(li)作(zuo)用(yong)下經集(ji)濾器進(jin)入進(jin)油(you)(you)(you)腔,而(er)在(zai)出(chu)油(you)(you)(you)腔一側由于(yu)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)進(jin)入嚙(nie)合(he)和機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)被不斷帶入而(er)產生(sheng)擠壓(ya)作(zuo)用(yong),機(ji)油(you)(you)(you)以一定壓(ya)力(li)被泵(beng)出(chu)。
一般嚙(nie)合(he)齒輪(lun)式(shi)(shi)(shi)機油泵(beng)又分為內嚙(nie)合(he)齒輪(lun)式(shi)(shi)(shi)機油泵(beng)與外嚙(nie)合(he)齒輪(lun)式(shi)(shi)(shi)機油泵(beng)兩種類型。
2、轉子式機油泵
轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)式機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)是利用內(nei)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)壓送潤滑油(you)(you),又叫次擺線齒(chi)輪(lun)泵(beng)。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)式機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)主要由內(nei)、外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)體及(ji)機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)蓋等零(ling)件(jian)組成。主動(dong)的內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和從(cong)動(dong)的外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)都裝在(zai)(zai)機(ji)油(you)(you)泵(beng)殼體內(nei)。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有四個凸齒(chi),外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有五個凹齒(chi)。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)固定在(zai)(zai)主動(dong)軸(zhou)上,外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)油(you)(you)泵(beng)殼體內(nei)可以(yi)自由轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong),兩者之(zhi)間(jian)有一定的偏心距。
當油(you)泵(beng)工(gong)作時(shi)(shi),內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)帶動外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)向同一(yi)(yi)個(ge)方(fang)向轉(zhuan)(zhuan)動。由于兩個(ge)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的偏心距(ju)和齒(chi)形輪(lun)(lun)廓(kuo)確保了內(nei)外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)無論轉(zhuan)(zhuan)到任何角度(du),各齒(chi)面之間(jian)總是線接觸,這樣內(nei)外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)輪(lun)(lun)齒(chi)間(jian)便(bian)形成(cheng)了四個(ge)工(gong)作腔(qiang)(qiang)。由于內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)大于外(wai)(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)速(su)(傳動比(bi)5:4),當某一(yi)(yi)工(gong)作腔(qiang)(qiang)從進油(you)道(dao)(dao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)過時(shi)(shi),轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)脫開嚙合,容積逐漸(jian)增大,產生真空度(du),潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)便(bian)從進油(you)道(dao)(dao)被吸入。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)繼續旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan),潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)被帶到出油(you)道(dao)(dao)另一(yi)(yi)側(ce),這時(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)進入嚙合,油(you)腔(qiang)(qiang)容積逐漸(jian)減小,油(you)壓升高,使(shi)油(you)從齒(chi)間(jian)擠出,經出油(you)道(dao)(dao)送出。
二、齒輪式機油泵和轉子式機油泵哪個好
齒輪(lun)式(shi)機(ji)油泵和轉子式(shi)機(ji)油泵對比(bi)起來,各有各的特點:
齒輪式機(ji)(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)由于結(jie)構簡(jian)單,制(zhi)造(zao)較(jiao)容易,并(bing)且(qie)工作可靠,是應用(yong)最為(wei)廣泛的一種機(ji)(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。轉子式機(ji)(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)結(jie)構緊湊,吸(xi)油(you)真空度(du)較(jiao)高,泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)油(you)量較(jiao)大(da),且(qie)供(gong)油(you)均勻,當機(ji)(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)安裝在曲軸箱(xiang)外且(qie)位置較(jiao)高時,用(yong)此種機(ji)(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)較(jiao)為(wei)合(he)適(shi)。