電動車電池哪種好

1、鉛酸蓄電池

優點(dian)：鉛酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)(xu)電池為數量(liang)最多。鉛酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)(xu)電池的(de)價格最低，也最常用，中國是全世界(jie)鉛酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)(xu)電池最大的(de)生產國。其含污染的(de)成分(fen)比較少，可回收性好。

缺點：比容小、壽命短。也就是說，在同樣的容量下，電池重量和體積都大。目前的鉛酸蓄電池基本上是由浮充類型的電池發展而來的。浮充電池不適應快速充電和大電流放電，雖然技術人員的花費了大量的心血進行了卓有成效的改進，可以進入實用了，但是作為電動車電池其(qi)壽命還是非常不理想的(de)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"志士豪杰"提供，版權聲明反饋

2、鎳氫電池

優點：鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的比(bi)(bi)容比(bi)(bi)鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)好很多，單體電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽命也比(bi)(bi)較好，其大電(dian)流(liu)充(chong)放電(dian)特性(xing)也比(bi)(bi)鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)好。

缺點：鎳(nie)氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)串(chuan)連電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組的(de)管理問(wen)(wen)題比(bi)較多，一旦發生過充電(dian)(dian)以(yi)后，就會形成單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)隔板熔(rong)化的(de)問(wen)(wen)題，導(dao)致整組電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)迅速失效。所以(yi)，國產的(de)鎳(nie)氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)關鍵技術問(wen)(wen)題還是充電(dian)(dian)器和(he)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)統的(de)問(wen)(wen)題，而這(zhe)個(ge)問(wen)(wen)題還沒(mei)有引起(qi)各個(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)制造商(shang)和(he)車廠(chang)足夠的(de)重視。所以(yi)，鎳(nie)氫(qing)(qing)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)發展(zhan)收(shou)到很大(da)的(de)制約。

3、鎳鎘電池

優點：鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流特(te)性比鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)好，其抗(kang)過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特(te)性也比鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)好，中(zhong)國又是(shi)世界上鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)大國。一些(xie)(xie)人(ren)提出鎘(ge)(ge)污染的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，中(zhong)國現在還(huan)(huan)(huan)在大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)向歐(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)出口鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)及其應(ying)用(yong)產(chan)品，歐(ou)洲(zhou)(zhou)到2006年才開始限制(zhi)。據中(zhong)央電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視臺播放的(de)(de)(de)(de)消息，神(shen)州(zhou)五號還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)采用(yong)鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這是(shi)其相對比較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠性的(de)(de)(de)(de)優點使該(gai)品種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)還(huan)(huan)(huan)在應(ying)用(yong)與宇航設備上。這樣看(kan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行(xing)車方面(mian)過(guo)早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)退出應(ying)用(yong)是(shi)否(fou)有(you)一些(xie)(xie)過(guo)激?而鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本和充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)本都明(ming)顯低于鎳(nie)(nie)(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，只要(yao)回收(shou)處(chu)理好了，還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)應(ying)該(gai)保留這個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)品種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。

4、鋰離子電池

優點：鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)比容(rong)(rong)要好(hao)于(yu)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，對于(yu)同樣(yang)容(rong)(rong)量的(de)鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)來說，鋰離(li)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)重量相當于(yu)一臺(tai)筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦，這樣(yang)老(lao)弱婦孺(ru)就都(dou)可(ke)以使用了。其壽(shou)命也可(ke)以比鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)做得好(hao)。目前的(de)手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)基(ji)本上都(dou)是(shi)采(cai)用這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

缺點：鋰電池的內阻相對比較大，在電動自行車上使用會出現電池即將完全放電的時候感覺車的動力不足。鋰離子電動車電池更主要的(de)(de)問題是在(zai)過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)和過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會(hui)發生爆炸(zha)，手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)都是使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，再經過良(liang)(liang)好的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路來配合使(shi)(shi)用，基本上(shang)杜絕了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)爆炸(zha)的(de)(de)問題。而在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車上(shang)使(shi)(shi)用，必(bi)須要使(shi)(shi)用串(chuan)連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組，而串(chuan)連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)復雜程(cheng)度遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超(chao)過單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，其材料成本也大大增加(jia)。目前一個(ge)良(liang)(liang)好的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)成本接(jie)近(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)本身的(de)(de)價格(ge)。

如何選購電動車電池

1、外觀

查(cha)看產品是(shi)(shi)否有變(bian)形(xing)、裂紋、劃痕及漏液痕跡(ji)。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接線(xian)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)上(shang)應(ying)干凈，無(wu)銹蝕，標志應(ying)清晰。好的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動車(che)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)外(wai)殼(ke)很厚實(shi)，接線(xian)端(duan)子(zi)(zi)粗大，而且電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上(shang)印(yin)字也清晰，另外(wai)要找準正(zheng)品的(de)(de)，假(jia)冒偽劣的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在外(wai)觀上(shang)與正(zheng)品還是(shi)(shi)有區(qu)別的(de)(de)，要仔細辨認。一般大品牌的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都(dou)有防(fang)偽標識，防(fang)偽標識都(dou)是(shi)(shi)統一的(de)(de)，防(fang)偽碼(ma)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)16位，具有唯一性，每只電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上(shang)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)單(dan)獨(du)的(de)(de)號碼(ma)。而且防(fang)偽查(cha)詢(xun)電(dian)(dian)話是(shi)(shi)國家質檢總局的(de)(de)，這個是(shi)(shi)沒法造假(jia)的(de)(de)。

2、性能測試

查看(kan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)外(wai)觀后，要對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行性能測試。性能優(you)良的電(dian)(dian)動車(che)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內(nei)阻小，單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)壓誤差也小。

內阻：大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流放電(dian)(dian)(dian)時測量蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降的越(yue)小越(yue)好；

單體電(dian)壓：電(dian)池充電(dian)進入飽和后(hou)和蓄(xu)電(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)壓應該(gai)是一直的(de)(de)，誤差以小于0.05伏為最(zui)好。

3、額定容量

電(dian)(dian)池標(biao)注(zhu)的(de)額定(ding)(ding)容(rong)(rong)量越(yue)大，電(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)越(yue)長(chang)。最好不要購買(mai)無額定(ding)(ding)標(biao)注(zhu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)池，要注(zhu)意是否為(wei)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車專(zhuan)用。如有多個容(rong)(rong)量標(biao)注(zhu)，應以額定(ding)(ding)容(rong)(rong)量為(wei)準。另外(wai)，選購與電(dian)(dian)池配套(tao)的(de)、帶自動(dong)控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)智能(neng)型充電(dian)(dian)器。合適的(de)充電(dian)(dian)器能(neng)自動(dong)調(diao)節充電(dian)(dian)大小和時(shi)間(jian)，有利于延長(chang)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)使(shi)用壽命。

4、電動車電池種類

當(dang)前市(shi)場上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)種(zhong)類較(jiao)多，比(bi)如鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，三元鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)鐵(tie)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)等(deng)等(deng)。不同種(zhong)類的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)使用(yong)壽命不同，價(jia)格(ge)也(ye)有各自的(de)差異，對環境(jing)污(wu)染(ran)各不一(yi)樣。當(dang)然鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)目前使用(yong)較(jiao)多的(de)，優(you)點(dian)是(shi)價(jia)格(ge)便宜(yi)這也(ye)是(shi)很多人(ren)選(xuan)擇的(de)主(zhu)要原因之一(yi)，其實除了鉛(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)外我(wo)們還(huan)可(ke)以有更多的(de)選(xuan)擇，例如磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)鐵(tie)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，與鉛(qian)酸(suan)相(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao)，重量輕(qing)2-3倍，使用(yong)壽命也(ye)是(shi)鉛(qian)酸(suan)的(de)好幾倍，長(chang)時間對比(bi)其實磷(lin)(lin)酸(suan)鐵(tie)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)會相(xiang)對便宜(yi)一(yi)點(dian)，且無污(wu)染(ran)。

5、看品牌

大品牌的電動車電池信譽有保障，質量也過關，而且大品牌售后服務也到位。買電動車電池質量是首要(yao)的(de)(de)，同時售后服務(wu)也(ye)是必須(xu)的(de)(de)，要(yao)注意購買(mai)的(de)(de)電動車(che)電池(chi)售后服務(wu)完不完善。