南溪山,因山有白龍洞,又名白龍山,它有東西兩峰,彼此并列,聳拔千尺,北面的峭壁,山石潔白。雨后新晴,云霧初開,陽光照映在山石上,會發射出耀眼的光彩。“聳峭南溪(xi)山,何年辟(pi)仙境。龍(long)巖(yan)孕(yun)玉泉,碧漾清溪(xi)影。芳藻映光輝,波入雉山靜。雨霽試(shi)新茶,游(you)人(ren)爭汲綆。”清代(dai)桂林著名畫家(jia)、詩人(ren)朱樹德這樣生動地描繪了(le)南溪(xi)山的(de)神奇(qi)意境。《臨桂(gui)縣志》記載:“南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan),縣南(nan)(nan)(nan)五里,聳拔(ba)(ba)千尺,煙(yan)翠浮空,其溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)東(dong)注(zhu)漓江。”“以(yi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)在郡南(nan)(nan)(nan),因曰為(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”,“山(shan)(shan)以(yi)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)名(ming)”故名(ming)南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)。又因山(shan)(shan)有白(bai)龍(long)洞,故名(ming)白(bai)龍(long)山(shan)(shan)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)河縈繞(rao)北(bei)麓,注(zhu)入(ru)漓江。南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)雨(yu)后新晴,云霧初散,艷陽映照,光(guang)彩(cai)耀(yao)目。清代光(guang)緒十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(1891年(nian))朱樹(shu)德(de)將“南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)新霽(ji)”列為(wei)桂(gui)林(lin)(lin)續八景之一,并(bing)賦詩贊道:“聳峭南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan),何年(nian)辟(pi)仙(xian)境。龍(long)巖孕玉泉,碧(bi)漾深溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)影。芳藻映光(guang)輝,波入(ru)雉山(shan)(shan)靜。雨(yu)霽(ji)試新茶,游人(ren)爭(zheng)汲綆。”桂(gui)林(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)石多呈青黛色,唯有南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)山(shan)(shan)石東(dong)西兩(liang)峰并(bing)列聳峙,山(shan)(shan)石泛白(bai),凌空壁立(li)(li),峭拔(ba)(ba)險(xian)峻,孕翠含煙(yan),嵐彩(cai)撲(pu)人(ren),猶如兩(liang)扇白(bai)色屏(ping)風,矗立(li)(li)于桂(gui)林(lin)(lin)城南(nan)(nan)(nan)。“南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)玉屏(ping)”為(wei)桂(gui)林(lin)(lin)新二十(shi)四(si)景之一。
景區山、水、洞、泉俱全,自然條件優越,早在一千多年前的唐代,著名詩人李渤在桂林任地方官時,就著手開發為風景區。經過歷代修耷,吏臻完善。在南溪河上,橫架單拱雙曲式仿古橋,橋上建有橋亭,橋邊有白龍泉。泉水明凈,相傳古時曾用這泉水作為上貢皇帝沏茶之用,因而稱“貢泉”。橋之下游數十米處有金蓮島,島上修建了曲橋與江岸相連,供游人自由往來觀景。據地質學家分析,南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)山屬純凈厚(hou)層石灰巖,幾百萬(wan)年前與斗雞山、羅漢山同(tong)體,后(hou)受水(shui)流不斷地溶蝕,逐漸分割成孤峰。這條水(shui)流即后(hou)來形成的(de)南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)河。山的(de)北面被南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)河環繞,溪(xi)(xi)(xi)繞著山注入漓(li)江(jiang)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)溪(xi)(xi)(xi)公園,溪(xi)(xi)(xi)上風(feng)雨橋,橋南(nan)(nan)(nan)“白(bai)龍泉”,相傳(chuan)為“貢泉”,曾以泉水(shui)進貢給皇帝飲用。
桂(gui)林(lin)八景之一“南溪新霽”就是在雨(yu)后新晴,云(yun)霧初散時(shi),由(you)于北(bei)面的(de)峭壁山石潔白,陽(yang)光照(zhao)映在山石上(shang),會(hui)反射出耀眼的(de)光彩。因為(wei)兩峰相對,這時(shi)象玉屏(ping)一般,故稱(cheng)“南溪玉屏(ping)”,“南溪玉屏(ping)”也為(wei)桂(gui)林(lin)二十(shi)四(si)景之一。
白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)泉位于(yu)南溪山的(de)北麓,與南溪河相鄰(lin)的(de)山坡側,有地下(xia)水(shui)自(zi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)池中(zhong)出。其旁的(de)石壁上有“白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)泉”三(san)個大字(zi)。白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)泉的(de)水(shui)質(zhi)甘美而且清冽(lie),古代列(lie)為(wei)貢(gong)品,故(gu)白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)泉又稱“貢(gong)泉”。相傳(chuan)用白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)泉水(shui)泡(pao)茶(cha),一段時(shi)間后揭開碗蓋,水(shui)氣如白(bai)(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)一般從碗里升騰而起。
白(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)是南溪山(shan)(shan)最(zui)高(gao)最(zui)大的洞(dong)(dong)穴(xue),白(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)泉南便是白(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)的入(ru)口(kou)(kou)(kou),洞(dong)(dong)與鍋底洞(dong)(dong)南北(bei)相(xiang)通,位于南溪山(shan)(shan)西北(bei)山(shan)(shan)腰處,洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)(kou)(kou)于山(shan)(shan)體北(bei)麓(lu)。洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)(kou)(kou)上(shang)方(fang)有(you)石鐘乳下(xia)垂,形似龍(long)(long)(long)頭。相(xiang)傳(chuan)是當初(chu)把漓江(jiang)整治得清澈(che)如鏡的白(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)(long),因直諫而冒犯了(le)龍(long)(long)(long)王,被(bei)拘囚在這里留下(xia)的身(shen)影(ying),洞(dong)(dong)由此得名。洞(dong)(dong)高(gao)32米(mi)(mi)、寬(kuan)12米(mi)(mi),最(zui)高(gao)、最(zui)寬(kuan)處均為23米(mi)(mi),長499.5米(mi)(mi),面積(ji)1828平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。洞(dong)(dong)中刻有(you)《留別(bie)南溪》為人們所傳(chuan)誦。元巖在白(bai)(bai)龍(long)(long)(long)洞(dong)(dong)口(kou)(kou)(kou)上(shang)方(fang),內有(you)左(zuo)右兩道。右道與穿云(yun)巖南北(bei)對穿;左(zuo)道蜿蜒曲(qu)折,通往半山(shan)(shan)腰的龍(long)(long)(long)脊坳。
龍(long)脊(ji)亭1958年初建(jian),1959年重新設計(ji),建(jian)于南溪山兩峰之間的(de)凹處(被(bei)稱為(wei)龍(long)脊(ji)坳(ao)),憑(ping)欄眺(tiao)望,市區的(de)大(da)部分景色、山水風光(guang),盡收眼底。亭呈(cheng)“中”型,仿古而建(jian)。主亭為(wei)8柱、單檐(yan)、翹角長方亭,兩側為(wei)附亭,各傍兩峰石壁,總面積83平方米。上(shang)山必(bi)須要經(jing)過此亭,亭南可看到(dao)斗(dou)雞諸峰,亭東可看到(dao)漓江南瀉(xie),亭西(xi)的(de)西(xi)峰則高接天漢,被(bei)稱為(wei)是(shi)游南溪必(bi)看之地(di)。
龍(long)(long)脊(ji)洞位于南溪山(shan)西峰東邊山(shan)腹(fu)中,離龍(long)(long)脊(ji)坳不遠,洞高(gao)30米(mi)(mi),寬9米(mi)(mi),深288米(mi)(mi),洞底面積1500平方米(mi)(mi),是發(fa)育得最早的巖洞,大約在百萬年(nian)前就開(kai)始(shi)被溶(rong)蝕。洞內乳石遍(bian)布,形成景(jing)觀(guan),主要(yao)有雜技舞(wu)臺、高(gao)山(shan)深谷等景(jing)點(dian)。出(chu)此洞即可到達龍(long)(long)脊(ji)亭(ting)。
11路(lu)、33路(lu)直達南溪山。
桂(gui)林市區南,將(jiang)軍橋側,北距火(huo)車站約1公里。